To explore the effect of the extracellular ATP and its receptors on axon regeneration in the sciatic nerve defect in rats, 0.5 cm defect of the sciatic nerve was made and repaired with long arm silicon tube like a ...To explore the effect of the extracellular ATP and its receptors on axon regeneration in the sciatic nerve defect in rats, 0.5 cm defect of the sciatic nerve was made and repaired with long arm silicon tube like a 'Y' type. The single arm of the silicon tube was sutured to proximal of the sciatic nerve. 10 μl 1 mmol/L ATP in physiological saline was injected into the left chamber of the silicon tube (experimental group) and physiological saline injected into another silicon tube as a control group. In another model 1 mmol/L 10 μl ATP and 1 mmol/L 10 μl ATP+0.2 mg/ml suramin were injected respectively into two arms of the silicon tube. After 4 and 8 weeks the specimens were obtained from the silicon tube for examining the axon regeneration histologically and image analysis. All the regeneration axons grew into the silicon tube containing the ATP, but there was no axon regeneration in the silicon tube containing the ATP+Suramin or physiological saline. It was demonstrated that extracellular ATP had a powerful attraction to the regenerated axon of peripheral nerve. The suramin inhibited the axon induction of the extracellular ATP completely via the ATP receptors.展开更多
ATP was added to the cultured sensory neurons obtained from the dorsal root ganglia of the neonatal rats and PBS was added to serve as control. MTT assays were conducted to evaluate the survival and activity of the cu...ATP was added to the cultured sensory neurons obtained from the dorsal root ganglia of the neonatal rats and PBS was added to serve as control. MTT assays were conducted to evaluate the survival and activity of the cultured neurons. And the silicone regenerative chamber was used after the sciatic nerve incision of the mature SD rat. 1 mmol/L ATP was injected into the left chamber and 0.09 % natrium chloride was injected into the right chamber as controls. The changes of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in the corresponding dorsal root ganglia were measured histochemically and image analysis was also performed 4 days after the sciatic nerve injury. The results showed that extracellular ATP could enhance the survival of the neurons and the number of NOS positive neurons were significantly different between the ATP and control groups ( P <0.05). It was suggested that extracellular ATP had neurotrophic effect on neurons survival and could inhibit the NOS activity of the sensory neurons after the peripheral nerve incision, hence exerting the protective effect on the neurons, which was valuable for nerve regeneration after nerve injury.展开更多
Cadmium(Cd)is one of the most widespread and toxic heavy metals to plants.Extracellular ATP(exATP)is thought to be an extracellular effector in regulating the physiological responses of plant cells to environmental st...Cadmium(Cd)is one of the most widespread and toxic heavy metals to plants.Extracellular ATP(exATP)is thought to be an extracellular effector in regulating the physiological responses of plant cells to environmental stresses.However,the function of exATP in Cd-stressed plant cells is much unknown.The present work showed that treating tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.cv.Bright Yellow-2)cell-suspension cultures with exogenous CdCl2 reduced the cell viability,exATP level,and Mg content.However,the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),Cd content,and electrolyte leakage of the cells were enhanced by exogenous CdCl2.When the Cd-induced accumulation of ROS was decreased by the supplement with DMTU(dimethylthiourea,a scavenger of ROS),the Cd-induced increases of the electrolyte leakage and Cd content were alleviated,and the Cd-induced reductions of cell viability were partly rescued,suggesting that Cd-induced reduction of cell viability could be related to the ROS accumulation.Under the condition of Cd stress,when the reduction of exATP level was partly rescued by exogenous ATP(20μM),the increases of ROS production,electrolyte leakage,and Cd content were attenuated,and the reduction of cell viability was also alleviated.These observations indicate that exATP can regulate the cell viability in the Cd–stressed plant cells possibly by an ROS-associated mechanism.展开更多
文摘To explore the effect of the extracellular ATP and its receptors on axon regeneration in the sciatic nerve defect in rats, 0.5 cm defect of the sciatic nerve was made and repaired with long arm silicon tube like a 'Y' type. The single arm of the silicon tube was sutured to proximal of the sciatic nerve. 10 μl 1 mmol/L ATP in physiological saline was injected into the left chamber of the silicon tube (experimental group) and physiological saline injected into another silicon tube as a control group. In another model 1 mmol/L 10 μl ATP and 1 mmol/L 10 μl ATP+0.2 mg/ml suramin were injected respectively into two arms of the silicon tube. After 4 and 8 weeks the specimens were obtained from the silicon tube for examining the axon regeneration histologically and image analysis. All the regeneration axons grew into the silicon tube containing the ATP, but there was no axon regeneration in the silicon tube containing the ATP+Suramin or physiological saline. It was demonstrated that extracellular ATP had a powerful attraction to the regenerated axon of peripheral nerve. The suramin inhibited the axon induction of the extracellular ATP completely via the ATP receptors.
文摘ATP was added to the cultured sensory neurons obtained from the dorsal root ganglia of the neonatal rats and PBS was added to serve as control. MTT assays were conducted to evaluate the survival and activity of the cultured neurons. And the silicone regenerative chamber was used after the sciatic nerve incision of the mature SD rat. 1 mmol/L ATP was injected into the left chamber and 0.09 % natrium chloride was injected into the right chamber as controls. The changes of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in the corresponding dorsal root ganglia were measured histochemically and image analysis was also performed 4 days after the sciatic nerve injury. The results showed that extracellular ATP could enhance the survival of the neurons and the number of NOS positive neurons were significantly different between the ATP and control groups ( P <0.05). It was suggested that extracellular ATP had neurotrophic effect on neurons survival and could inhibit the NOS activity of the sensory neurons after the peripheral nerve incision, hence exerting the protective effect on the neurons, which was valuable for nerve regeneration after nerve injury.
基金the tobacco cell culture.This work was supported by the n ational n atural Science Foundation of China(n O.31870246,31560059,and 31260059)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Gansu Universities of Gansu Provincial Department of Finance,the University Scientific Research Project of Gansu Province(n o.2015A-007)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Project of Gansu Province(n o.18YF1 n A051)the Youth Teacher Scientific Research Ability Promotion Plan Innovation Team Project of n orthwest n ormal University.
文摘Cadmium(Cd)is one of the most widespread and toxic heavy metals to plants.Extracellular ATP(exATP)is thought to be an extracellular effector in regulating the physiological responses of plant cells to environmental stresses.However,the function of exATP in Cd-stressed plant cells is much unknown.The present work showed that treating tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.cv.Bright Yellow-2)cell-suspension cultures with exogenous CdCl2 reduced the cell viability,exATP level,and Mg content.However,the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),Cd content,and electrolyte leakage of the cells were enhanced by exogenous CdCl2.When the Cd-induced accumulation of ROS was decreased by the supplement with DMTU(dimethylthiourea,a scavenger of ROS),the Cd-induced increases of the electrolyte leakage and Cd content were alleviated,and the Cd-induced reductions of cell viability were partly rescued,suggesting that Cd-induced reduction of cell viability could be related to the ROS accumulation.Under the condition of Cd stress,when the reduction of exATP level was partly rescued by exogenous ATP(20μM),the increases of ROS production,electrolyte leakage,and Cd content were attenuated,and the reduction of cell viability was also alleviated.These observations indicate that exATP can regulate the cell viability in the Cd–stressed plant cells possibly by an ROS-associated mechanism.
