Along with hereditary myopathies, there are many exogenic (the same a not hereditary) muscle affections due to the pathology of endocrine gland’s functioning. These forms of muscle pathology are called endocrine myop...Along with hereditary myopathies, there are many exogenic (the same a not hereditary) muscle affections due to the pathology of endocrine gland’s functioning. These forms of muscle pathology are called endocrine myopathies. In the cases of thyroid gland hyperfunction (the same a thyrotoxicosis), different regions of neuromuscular system may be involved in the pathological process. Thyrotoxic myopathy (TM) which is a subject of this investigation, occupies one of the first places between thyrotoxic (the same a thyrotoxicosis) neuromuscular affections. Meanwhile, for a long time in literature there was no clarity about the degree of muscle weakness and atrophy to diagnose TM in a patient. It’s because of the fact that the majority of patients complain of increased fatigue and general weakness due to thyrotoxicosis. In present time TM diagnostics is very rare. TM is a phenocopy (the clinical similar) of many neuromuscular diseases. However in literature, the data about peculiarities of clinical picture of TM is almost completely absent, it isn’t known about the frequency of affection of the isolated muscles or muscle groups, the topography of muscle weakness and successive involvement of isolated muscles in the pathological process during different stages of thyrotoxicosis and myopathy. The questions of differential diagnosis with similar neuromuscular disorders are described very poorly. In present article, we accent our attention at the clinical differentiation of the TM with other neuromuscular diseases, namely muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis, polymyositis, Addison’s disease, proximal spinal muscular atrophy, steroid myopathy and neurosis. In our opinion, the early diagnosis of TM may help the diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis in patients who have no classical clinical signs of this disease, i.e. in patients with latent thyrotoxicosis.展开更多
Objectives To reveal the relationship of brain motion and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow by phase-contrast cine MRI, and to evaluate this technique in differentiating between arachnoid cysts and subarachnoid space en...Objectives To reveal the relationship of brain motion and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow by phase-contrast cine MRI, and to evaluate this technique in differentiating between arachnoid cysts and subarachnoid space enlargement. Methods Using a phase-contrast cine MRI pulse sequence, we measured brain motion and CSF flow during the cardiac cycle in 10 healthy volunteers and 10 patients with MRI-suspected arachnoid cyst or subarachnoid space enlargement. CSF stroke volume curve was illustrated according to flow quantification, and time-signal intensity curve was traced. The two curves were compared. Results This study showed that brain motion was due to the volume difference between arterial and venous blood flow during a cardiac cycle, and thus drives CSF pulsation. Arachnoid cysts and subarachnoid space enlargement carried different curve patterns, demonstrating that phase-contrast MRI and flow quantification can be a useful and reliable technique for non-invasive evaluation of brain motion and CSF flow. Conclusion Arachnoid cysts can be successfully differentiated using phase-contrast cine MRI from subarachnoid space enlargement.展开更多
文摘Along with hereditary myopathies, there are many exogenic (the same a not hereditary) muscle affections due to the pathology of endocrine gland’s functioning. These forms of muscle pathology are called endocrine myopathies. In the cases of thyroid gland hyperfunction (the same a thyrotoxicosis), different regions of neuromuscular system may be involved in the pathological process. Thyrotoxic myopathy (TM) which is a subject of this investigation, occupies one of the first places between thyrotoxic (the same a thyrotoxicosis) neuromuscular affections. Meanwhile, for a long time in literature there was no clarity about the degree of muscle weakness and atrophy to diagnose TM in a patient. It’s because of the fact that the majority of patients complain of increased fatigue and general weakness due to thyrotoxicosis. In present time TM diagnostics is very rare. TM is a phenocopy (the clinical similar) of many neuromuscular diseases. However in literature, the data about peculiarities of clinical picture of TM is almost completely absent, it isn’t known about the frequency of affection of the isolated muscles or muscle groups, the topography of muscle weakness and successive involvement of isolated muscles in the pathological process during different stages of thyrotoxicosis and myopathy. The questions of differential diagnosis with similar neuromuscular disorders are described very poorly. In present article, we accent our attention at the clinical differentiation of the TM with other neuromuscular diseases, namely muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis, polymyositis, Addison’s disease, proximal spinal muscular atrophy, steroid myopathy and neurosis. In our opinion, the early diagnosis of TM may help the diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis in patients who have no classical clinical signs of this disease, i.e. in patients with latent thyrotoxicosis.
文摘Objectives To reveal the relationship of brain motion and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow by phase-contrast cine MRI, and to evaluate this technique in differentiating between arachnoid cysts and subarachnoid space enlargement. Methods Using a phase-contrast cine MRI pulse sequence, we measured brain motion and CSF flow during the cardiac cycle in 10 healthy volunteers and 10 patients with MRI-suspected arachnoid cyst or subarachnoid space enlargement. CSF stroke volume curve was illustrated according to flow quantification, and time-signal intensity curve was traced. The two curves were compared. Results This study showed that brain motion was due to the volume difference between arterial and venous blood flow during a cardiac cycle, and thus drives CSF pulsation. Arachnoid cysts and subarachnoid space enlargement carried different curve patterns, demonstrating that phase-contrast MRI and flow quantification can be a useful and reliable technique for non-invasive evaluation of brain motion and CSF flow. Conclusion Arachnoid cysts can be successfully differentiated using phase-contrast cine MRI from subarachnoid space enlargement.
