The distinct precursory signals of countrywide extensive and persistent extreme cold events (CECs) were investigated and contrasted with those of countrywide cold wave events (CCWs). It is shown that most CECs were ac...The distinct precursory signals of countrywide extensive and persistent extreme cold events (CECs) were investigated and contrasted with those of countrywide cold wave events (CCWs). It is shown that most CECs were accompanied by a CCW in the initial stages. From the comparison between the CECs and the CCWs that were independent of any CEC, it is found that a south- west-northeast-oriented tilted ridge at 500 hPa was present around the Europe-Barents Sea regions approximately 10 days prior to the start of the CEC. Consistent with this feature, a high sea level pressure and strong cold air accumulation occurred over a broad extent of northern Eurasia one week prior to the start of the CEC. The tilted ridge and the strong cold air accumulation were the precursory signals that were absent for the CCW, and they provide important clues for the early prediction of whether a CCW event might evolve into a CEC.展开更多
This is such a article to consider an ＂into＂ isometric mapping between two unit spheres of two infinite dimensional spaces of different types. In this article, we find a useful condition （using the Krein-Milman pro...This is such a article to consider an ＂into＂ isometric mapping between two unit spheres of two infinite dimensional spaces of different types. In this article, we find a useful condition （using the Krein-Milman property） under which an into-isometric mapping from the unit sphere of e（Γ） to the unit sphere of a normed space E can be linearly isometric extended.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2009BAC51B02)
文摘The distinct precursory signals of countrywide extensive and persistent extreme cold events (CECs) were investigated and contrasted with those of countrywide cold wave events (CCWs). It is shown that most CECs were accompanied by a CCW in the initial stages. From the comparison between the CECs and the CCWs that were independent of any CEC, it is found that a south- west-northeast-oriented tilted ridge at 500 hPa was present around the Europe-Barents Sea regions approximately 10 days prior to the start of the CEC. Consistent with this feature, a high sea level pressure and strong cold air accumulation occurred over a broad extent of northern Eurasia one week prior to the start of the CEC. The tilted ridge and the strong cold air accumulation were the precursory signals that were absent for the CCW, and they provide important clues for the early prediction of whether a CCW event might evolve into a CEC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10871101)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20060055010)
文摘This is such a article to consider an ＂into＂ isometric mapping between two unit spheres of two infinite dimensional spaces of different types. In this article, we find a useful condition （using the Krein-Milman property） under which an into-isometric mapping from the unit sphere of e（Γ） to the unit sphere of a normed space E can be linearly isometric extended.
