Objective To assess the spectrum of causes, clinical features, differences between disease phases, and prognosis of extrinsic allergic alveolitis （EAA）. Methods Patients with EAA diagnosed at Peking Union Medical C...Objective To assess the spectrum of causes, clinical features, differences between disease phases, and prognosis of extrinsic allergic alveolitis （EAA）. Methods Patients with EAA diagnosed at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from August 1983 to May 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Their medical records were examined to gather clinical, laboratorial, radiological, and histopathological data. Patients were divided to three phases （acute, subacute, and chronic） according to clinical presentations. Follow-up data regarding treatment response, subsequent radio- logical and pulmonary function studies, and clinical outcomes were collected. Results A total of 21 cases were enrolled. Among them, 11 were subacute, 10 were chronic. The most common exposure was pet birds （6 cases, 28.6%）. The primary abnormality of pulmonary function was restriction and/or reduction in diffusing capacity （12 cases, 63.2%）. The most common findings on high-resolution computed tomography （HRCT） were ground-glass opacities （13 cases, 68.4%） and centri- lobular nodules （8 cases, 42.1%）. Airway obstruction in pulmonary function test, emphysema, hmg cysts, and fibrosis on HRCT were more frequently seen in chronic than in subacute patients, though the differences were not statistically significant. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） showed lymphocytosis. The total＇cell count and the percentage of neutrophils were significantly higher in subacute than in chronic patients （P〈0.05）. Nonnecrotizing granulomas were seen in 8 （47.1%） cases. Improvement or normalization in symptoms, radiography, and pulmonary function test after treatment were seen in all 18 patients with avail- able follow-up data. Five patients recurred. Conclusions The characteristic abnormalities of pulmonary function, findings on HRCT, and pa- thology are essential for all phases of EAA, and the atypical manifestations such as obstruction and fibrosis can also be present frequently, particularly in chronic cases. Differential cell counts of BALF are related to the phase of the disease. The treatment response and prognosis of EAA are good.展开更多
目的研究不同水平的呼气末正压(PEEP)对机械通气的脓毒性休克患者血流动力学和氧代谢指标的影响。方法对象为浙江中医药大学附属第二医院重症医学科2011年1月-2012年8月收治的脓毒性休克患者,筛选其中符合脓毒性休克诊断标准,并需要机...目的研究不同水平的呼气末正压(PEEP)对机械通气的脓毒性休克患者血流动力学和氧代谢指标的影响。方法对象为浙江中医药大学附属第二医院重症医学科2011年1月-2012年8月收治的脓毒性休克患者,筛选其中符合脓毒性休克诊断标准,并需要机械通气辅助呼吸的患者,排除年龄<18岁或>80岁、妊娠、心律失常(不包括窦性心律失常)、存在股动脉置管的禁忌证、急性心功能不全、严重瓣膜病变疾病的患者,最终符合条件的患者共26例纳入研究。持续药物镇静,维持镇静-躁动评分(SAS)在3-4分。对26例行机械通气的脓毒性休克患者先后给PEEP 0、5、10、15 cm H2O(1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa),通气30 min后,记录四种不同数值的PEEP时对平均动脉压(MAP)、中心静脉压(CVP)、心排指数(CI)、全心舒张末期容积指数(GEDVI)、体循环阻力指数(SVRI)及氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2)等血流动力学和氧代谢指标的影响。结果 CVP及SVRI随着PEEP的增加而升高,呈显著正相关,且具有差异(r=0.710,P=0.001;r=0.295,P=0.002);CI随着PEEP的增加而降低,呈负相关,具有差异(r=-0.301,P=0.002);随着PEEP的升高,GEDVI略有降低,无明显相关性,无差异(r=-0.106,P=0.282)。PaO2/FiO2与呼气末正压呈现显著正相关,PEEP不同组间其PaO2/FiO2有差异(r=0.733,P=0.001)。结论脓毒性休克患者随PEEP增加,CI逐渐减少,CVP随着PEEP的增加而提升,而GEDVI未随着PEEP的升高而有明显变化,能在临床上有效评估心脏前负荷情况。在氧代谢方面,随着PEEP的增加,PaO2/FiO2得以提升。展开更多
目的探讨血清及肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中白介素8(IL-8)蛋白表达水平,及血清中单核苷酸多态性与新疆维吾尔族饲鸽者肺(PBL)遗传易患性的相关性。方法选取2012—2013年在新疆喀什地区有鸽子接触史,且血清学抗体阳性,符合PBL诊断标准的维吾尔族...目的探讨血清及肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中白介素8(IL-8)蛋白表达水平,及血清中单核苷酸多态性与新疆维吾尔族饲鸽者肺(PBL)遗传易患性的相关性。方法选取2012—2013年在新疆喀什地区有鸽子接触史,且血清学抗体阳性,符合PBL诊断标准的维吾尔族患者32例(病例组);选取有鸽子接触史,但血清学抗体阴性者30例(阴性对照组);选取无鸽子接触史且健康维吾尔族者30例(正常对照组)。采用ELISA分别检测3组受试者血清及BALF中IL-8蛋白表达水平;通过UCSC数据库选取IL-8的15个基因位点,采用Sequenom Mass ARRAYSNP分型技术对所有位点进行基因分型,比较3组IL-8基因型分布。结果 3组血清、BALF中IL-8蛋白表达水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);阴性对照组和病例组血清、BALF中IL-8蛋白表达水平均高于正常对照组,病例组血清中IL-8蛋白表达水平高于阴性对照组(P<0.05)。选取的15个基因位点的IL-8基因型分布在3组间不存在基因多态性。结论血清、BALF中IL-8蛋白表达水平的增高可能是肺损伤及肺纤维化的诱因,其基因多态性不增加维吾尔族PBL的发病风险。展开更多
文摘Objective To assess the spectrum of causes, clinical features, differences between disease phases, and prognosis of extrinsic allergic alveolitis （EAA）. Methods Patients with EAA diagnosed at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from August 1983 to May 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Their medical records were examined to gather clinical, laboratorial, radiological, and histopathological data. Patients were divided to three phases （acute, subacute, and chronic） according to clinical presentations. Follow-up data regarding treatment response, subsequent radio- logical and pulmonary function studies, and clinical outcomes were collected. Results A total of 21 cases were enrolled. Among them, 11 were subacute, 10 were chronic. The most common exposure was pet birds （6 cases, 28.6%）. The primary abnormality of pulmonary function was restriction and/or reduction in diffusing capacity （12 cases, 63.2%）. The most common findings on high-resolution computed tomography （HRCT） were ground-glass opacities （13 cases, 68.4%） and centri- lobular nodules （8 cases, 42.1%）. Airway obstruction in pulmonary function test, emphysema, hmg cysts, and fibrosis on HRCT were more frequently seen in chronic than in subacute patients, though the differences were not statistically significant. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） showed lymphocytosis. The total＇cell count and the percentage of neutrophils were significantly higher in subacute than in chronic patients （P〈0.05）. Nonnecrotizing granulomas were seen in 8 （47.1%） cases. Improvement or normalization in symptoms, radiography, and pulmonary function test after treatment were seen in all 18 patients with avail- able follow-up data. Five patients recurred. Conclusions The characteristic abnormalities of pulmonary function, findings on HRCT, and pa- thology are essential for all phases of EAA, and the atypical manifestations such as obstruction and fibrosis can also be present frequently, particularly in chronic cases. Differential cell counts of BALF are related to the phase of the disease. The treatment response and prognosis of EAA are good.
文摘目的研究不同水平的呼气末正压(PEEP)对机械通气的脓毒性休克患者血流动力学和氧代谢指标的影响。方法对象为浙江中医药大学附属第二医院重症医学科2011年1月-2012年8月收治的脓毒性休克患者,筛选其中符合脓毒性休克诊断标准,并需要机械通气辅助呼吸的患者,排除年龄<18岁或>80岁、妊娠、心律失常(不包括窦性心律失常)、存在股动脉置管的禁忌证、急性心功能不全、严重瓣膜病变疾病的患者,最终符合条件的患者共26例纳入研究。持续药物镇静,维持镇静-躁动评分(SAS)在3-4分。对26例行机械通气的脓毒性休克患者先后给PEEP 0、5、10、15 cm H2O(1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa),通气30 min后,记录四种不同数值的PEEP时对平均动脉压(MAP)、中心静脉压(CVP)、心排指数(CI)、全心舒张末期容积指数(GEDVI)、体循环阻力指数(SVRI)及氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2)等血流动力学和氧代谢指标的影响。结果 CVP及SVRI随着PEEP的增加而升高,呈显著正相关,且具有差异(r=0.710,P=0.001;r=0.295,P=0.002);CI随着PEEP的增加而降低,呈负相关,具有差异(r=-0.301,P=0.002);随着PEEP的升高,GEDVI略有降低,无明显相关性,无差异(r=-0.106,P=0.282)。PaO2/FiO2与呼气末正压呈现显著正相关,PEEP不同组间其PaO2/FiO2有差异(r=0.733,P=0.001)。结论脓毒性休克患者随PEEP增加,CI逐渐减少,CVP随着PEEP的增加而提升,而GEDVI未随着PEEP的升高而有明显变化,能在临床上有效评估心脏前负荷情况。在氧代谢方面,随着PEEP的增加,PaO2/FiO2得以提升。
文摘目的探讨血清及肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中白介素8(IL-8)蛋白表达水平,及血清中单核苷酸多态性与新疆维吾尔族饲鸽者肺(PBL)遗传易患性的相关性。方法选取2012—2013年在新疆喀什地区有鸽子接触史,且血清学抗体阳性,符合PBL诊断标准的维吾尔族患者32例(病例组);选取有鸽子接触史,但血清学抗体阴性者30例(阴性对照组);选取无鸽子接触史且健康维吾尔族者30例(正常对照组)。采用ELISA分别检测3组受试者血清及BALF中IL-8蛋白表达水平;通过UCSC数据库选取IL-8的15个基因位点,采用Sequenom Mass ARRAYSNP分型技术对所有位点进行基因分型,比较3组IL-8基因型分布。结果 3组血清、BALF中IL-8蛋白表达水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);阴性对照组和病例组血清、BALF中IL-8蛋白表达水平均高于正常对照组,病例组血清中IL-8蛋白表达水平高于阴性对照组(P<0.05)。选取的15个基因位点的IL-8基因型分布在3组间不存在基因多态性。结论血清、BALF中IL-8蛋白表达水平的增高可能是肺损伤及肺纤维化的诱因,其基因多态性不增加维吾尔族PBL的发病风险。
