Abnormal transition of the electron energy distribution with excitation of the second harmonic in low-pressure radio-frequency capacitively coupled plasmas

The self-excited second harmonic in radio-frequency capacitively coupled plasma was significantly enhanced by adjusting the external variable capacitor.At a lower pressure of 3 Pa,the excitation of the second harmonic caused an abnormal transition of the electron energy probability function,resulting in abrupt changes in the electron density and temperature.Such changes in the electron energy probability function as well as the electron density and temperature were not observed at the higher pressure of 16 Pa under similar harmonic changes.The phenomena are related to the influence of the second harmonic on stochastic heating,which is determined by both amplitude and the relative phase of the harmonics.The results suggest that the self-excited high-order harmonics must be considered in practical applications of lowpressure radio-frequency capacitively coupled plasmas.

THE SCHUR HARMONIC CONVEXITY FOR A CLASS OF SYMMETRIC FUNCTIONS

In this article, we prove that the symmetric function Fn（x,r）=∑i1＋i2＋……in=r（x1（i1x2^i2……xn^in）1/r is Schur harmonic convex for x ∈ R＋n and r ∈N -=（1, 2, 3,...} As its applications, some analytic inequalities are established.

A New Class of Harmonic Univalent Functions by the Generalized Salagean Operator

A complex-valued harmonic functions that are univalent and sense preserving in the unit disk U can be written in the form f = h ＋ g^-, where h and g are analytic in U. We define and investigate a new class SHPλ（α,β）by generalized Salagean operator of harmonic univalent functions. We give sufficient coefficient conditions for normalized harmonic functions in the class SHPλ（α,β） These conditions are also shown to be necessary when the coefficients are negative. This leads to distortion bounds and extreme points.

HARMONIC FUNCTION WITH CORRELATED COEFFICIENTS

In the paper we introduce an idea of harmonic functions with correlated coefficients which generalize the ideas of harmonic functions with negative coefficients introduced by Silverman and harmonic functions with varying coefficients defined by Jahangiri and Silverman. Next we define classes of harmonic functions with correlated coefficients in terms of generalized Dziok-Srivastava operator. By using extreme points theory, we obtain estimations of classical convex functionals on the defined classes of functions. Some applications of the main results are also considered.

ON THE LOWER BOUND FOR A CLASS OF HARMONIC FUNCTIONS IN THE HALF SPACE

The main objective is to derive a lower bound from an upper one for harmonic functions in the half space, which extends a result of B. Y. Levin from dimension 2 to dimension n 〉 2. To this end, we first generalize the Carleman＇s formula for harmonic functions in the half plane to higher dimensional half space, and then establish a Nevanlinna＇s representation for harmonic functions in the half sphere by using HSrmander＇s theorem.

A New Class of Harmonic Univalent Functions

A complex-valued harmonic function that is univalent and sense preserving in the unit disk U can be written in the form of f = h + g,where h and g are analytic in U.We define and investigate a new class LH_λ(α,β) by generalized Salagean operator of harmonic univalent functions.We give sufficient coefficient conditions for normalized harmonic functions in the class LH_λ(α,β).These conditions are also shown to be necessary when the coefficients are negative.This leads to distortion bounds and extreme points.

High-order harmonic generation of the cyclo[18]carbon molecule irradiated by circularly polarized laser pulse

High-order harmonic generation of the cyclo[18]carbon(C_(18) ) molecule under few-cycle circularly polarized laser pulse is studied by time-dependent density functional theory. Compared with the harmonic emission of the ring molecule C_(6)H_(6) having similar ionization potential, the C_(18) molecule has higher efficiency and cutoff energy than C_(6)H_(6) with the same laser field parameters. Further researches indicate that the harmonic efficiency and cutoff energy of the C_(18) molecule increase gradually with the increase of the laser intensity of the driving laser or decrease of the wavelength, both are larger than those of the C_(6)H_(6) molecule. Through the analysis of the time-dependent evolution of the electronic wave packets, it is also found that the higher efficiency of harmonic generation can be attributed to the larger spatial scale of the C_(18) molecule,which leads to a greater chance for the ionized electrons from one atom to recombine with others of the parent molecule.Selecting the suitable driving laser pulse, it is demonstrated that high-order harmonic generation in the C_(18) molecule has a wide range of applications in producing circularly polarized isolated attosecond pulse.

A Subclass of Harmonic Functions Associated with Wright’s Hypergeometric Functions

We introduce a new class of complex valued harmonic functions associated with Wright hypergeometric functions which are orientation preserving and univalent in the open unit disc. Further we define, Wright generalized operator on harmonic function and investigate the coefficient bounds, distortion inequalities and extreme points for this generalized class of functions.

Several Hermite-Hadamard Type Inequalities for Harmonically Convex Functions in the Second Sense with Applications

In this paper, we first introduce the concept ＂harmonically convex functions＂ in the second sense and establish several Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for harmonically convex functions in the second sense. Finally, some applications to special mean are shown.

Modeling, Steady-State Analysis of a SEPIC dc-dc Converter Based on Switching Function and Harmonic Balance Technique

The paper presents modeling approach of a Single Ended Primary Inductance Converter (SEPIC) system. The complete model derivation of the SEPIC converter system has been presented in different modes of operation. Steady state and small signal analysis was carried out on the converter dynamic equations using the method of Harmonic balance Technique. The steady state variables and their respective ripple quantities obtained were plotted against duty ratio D. The results obtained for a supply input voltage of 60 volts to the converter at a duty ratio of D = 0.8 , compares well with simulation results.

Loop Quantum Gravity Harmonic Oscillator

Attempts to unify Gravity Theory and Quantum Field Theory (QFT) under Loop Quantum Gravity Theory (LQG), are diverse;a dividing line between classical and quantum is sought with Schrödinger cat-state experiments. A Primordial Field Theory-based alternative is presented, and a gravity-based harmonic oscillator developed. With quantum theory applied at micro-scales and gravity theory at meso- and macro-scales, this scale-gap contributes to the conceptual problems associated with Loop Quantum Gravity. Primordial field theory, spanning all scales, is used to conceptually stretch key ideas across this gap. An LQG interpretation of the wave function associated with the oscillator is explained.

GRADIENT ESTIMATES FOR POSITIVE SMOOTH f-HARMONIC FUNCTIONS

For Riemannian manifolds with a measure, we study the gradient estimates for positive smooth f-harmonic functions when the ∞-Bakry-Emery Ricci tensor and Ricci tensor are bounded from below, generalizing the classical ones of Yau （i.e., when ： is constant）.

ON THE DIMENSIONS OF SPACES OF HARMONIC FUNCTIONS WITH POLYNOMIAL GROWTH

In this paper, we obtain an estimate for the lower bound for the dimensions of harmonic functions with polynomial growth and a Liouville type theorem on manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature whose tangent cone at infinity is a unique metric cone with a conic measure.

A SCHWARZ LEMMA FOR HARMONIC FUNCTIONS IN THE REAL UNIT BALL

We establish a precise Schwarz lemma for real-valued and bounded harmonic functions in the real unit ball of dimension n. This extends Chen's Schwarz-Pick lemma for real-valued and bounded planar harmonic mapping.

CONSTRUCTION SPACE HARMONIC FUNCTIONS IN POLYN0MIAL FORM AND SPHERICAL FUNCTIONS BY COMPLEX-FUNCTIONAL

In this paper, applying the theory of complex-functional, not only the spaceharmonic functions in polynomial form. but aIso the spherical functions are obtained.

NUMERICAL COMPARISON OF TWO BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHODS FOR PLANE HARMONIC FUNCTIONS

A direct boundary element method (BEM) has been studied in the paper based on a set of sufficient and necessary boundary integral equations (BIE) for the plane harmonic functions. The new sufficient and necessary BEM leads to accurate results while the conventional insufficient BEM will lead to inaccurate results when the conventional BIE has multiple solutions. Theoretical and numerical analyses show that it is beneficial to use the sufficient and necessary BEM, to avoid hidden dangers due to non-unique solution of the conventional BIE.

Investigation of analytical harmonic frequency and potential energy function, vibrational levels for the X^2∑^＋ and A^2Л states of CN radical

This paper calculates the equilibrium structure and the potential energy functions of the ground state （X^2∑^＋） and the low lying excited electronic state （A^2Л） of CN radical are calculated by using CASSCF method. The potential energy curves are obtained by a least square fitting to the modified Murrell-Sorbie function. On the basis of physical theory of potential energy function, harmonic frequency （ωe） and other spectroscopic constants （ωeχe, βe and αe） are calculated by employing the Rydberg-Klei-Rees method. The theoretical calculation results are in excellent agreement with the experimental and other complicated theoretical calculation data. In addition, the eigenvalues of vibrational levels have been calculated by solving the radial one-dimensional SchrSdinger equation of nuclear motion using the algebraic method based on the analytical potential energy function.

Some Wgh Inequalities for Univalent Harmonic Analytic Functions

In this paper, some Wgh inequalities for univalent harmonic analytic functions defined by Wright's generalized hypergeometric (Wgh) functions to be in certain classes are observed and proved. Some consequent results are also discussed.

Hlder Estimate of Harmonic Functions on a Class of p.c.f. Self-Similar Sets

In this paper we establish sharp H/51der estimates of harmonic functions on a class of connected post critically finite （p.c.f.） self-similar sets, and show that functions in the domain of Laplacian enjoy the same property. Some weU-known examples, such as the Sierpinski gasket, the unit interval, the level 3 Sierpinski gasket, the hexagasket, the 3-dimensional Sierpinski gasket, and the Vicsek set are also considered.