Microbial contamination induces surface deformations and strength degradation of cotton fabrics by invading deeply into the fibers. In this study, the sterilization effects of low pressure plasmas on bacteria-inoculat...Microbial contamination induces surface deformations and strength degradation of cotton fabrics by invading deeply into the fibers. In this study, the sterilization effects of low pressure plasmas on bacteria-inoculated cotton fabrics were investigated. Oxygen plasma treatment completely sterilized the cotton fabrics inoculated with various concentrations of staphylococcus aureus. Also, the influence of plasma treatment on physical properties of fabrics was examined. It was found that the plasma treatment did not affect ultimate tensile strength and surface morphology of the fabrics because it took advantage of relatively low plasma temperature.展开更多
Coarse woody debris( CWD) has an important role in hydrological function and water and soil conservation function of forest ecosystem especially mountain forest ecosystem. To understand water holding capacity of CWD i...Coarse woody debris( CWD) has an important role in hydrological function and water and soil conservation function of forest ecosystem especially mountain forest ecosystem. To understand water holding capacity of CWD in subalpine forest of southeast Tibet,CWD reserve of primitive A. fabri forest in Sygera Mountain was investigated by sample plot method,and water absorption and storage capacity of CWD was studied by using soaking method. The results showed that decay grade was positively related to water storage potential,that is to say,the higher the decay grade,the larger the water storage potential. Saturated water holding capacity,saturated water holding rate,effective water holding capacity and effective water holding rate of A. fabri CWD all rose with decay grade increased,and the order was Ⅴ>Ⅳ>Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅰ. CWD reserve was 51.555 t/hm^2,and the maximum water storage capacity was 71.601 t/hm^2,while effective water storage capacity was 60.861 t/hm2,which was equivalent to 6.086 mm of rainfall.展开更多
Streamwater chemistry and spatial flow dynamics from a subalpine Abies fabri forest in an experimental watershed located in the east slope of Gongga Mountain were analyzed to gain insights into the gradient effect of ...Streamwater chemistry and spatial flow dynamics from a subalpine Abies fabri forest in an experimental watershed located in the east slope of Gongga Mountain were analyzed to gain insights into the gradient effect of primary community succession on the stream biogeochemical process. Results showed that high sand content(exceeding 80%) and porosity in the soil(exceeding 20% in A horizon and 35% in B horizon), as well as a thick humus layer on the soil surface, made the water exchange quickly in the Huangbengliu(HBL) watershed. Consequently, no surface runoff was observed, and the stream discharge changed rapidly with the daily precipitation. The flow trends of base ions in the stream water were influenced by the Abies fabri succession gradient. Ca 2+ , HCO - 3 and SO 2- 4 were the dominant anions in the streamwater in this region. A significant difference of Ca 2+ , HCO - 3 and SO 2- 4 concentration exported between the succession stages in the watershed can be found. But they had the similar temporal change in the stream flow. Ca 2+ , HCO - 3 and SO 2- 4 showed significantly negative correlations with the daily precipitation and the stream discharge. \;Concentrations of Cl -, Na +, K +, and Mg 2+ were low in all streamwaters monitored and we observed no differences along the Abies fabri succession gradient. Low ratios of Na:(Na+Ca) (range from 0.1 to 0.2) implied cations were from bedrock weathering(internal source process in the soil system) in this region. But, a variance analysis showed there were almost no differences between rainwater and streamwaters for Mg 2+ , Na +, K +, and Cl - concentrations. This indicated that they might be come from rainfall inputs(external source). The highly mobile capacity, rapid water exchange between precipitation and discharge, and long-term export lead to this observed pattern were suggested.展开更多
The knitting condition and technology for PBT/PET composite fibre on loop wheel machine as well as the effect of knitted fabric structure and stitch parameter are discussed in this paper. The properties of high elasti...The knitting condition and technology for PBT/PET composite fibre on loop wheel machine as well as the effect of knitted fabric structure and stitch parameter are discussed in this paper. The properties of high elastic plain knitted fabrics are also discussed.展开更多
The impact on seedling recruitment by fallen wood of A. fabri forest in Tibet Sygera Mountain was studied. The results showed that regenerated seedlings on fallen wood roughly showed normal distribution,and there were...The impact on seedling recruitment by fallen wood of A. fabri forest in Tibet Sygera Mountain was studied. The results showed that regenerated seedlings on fallen wood roughly showed normal distribution,and there were more regenerated seedlings in the middle of fallen wood,while regenerated seedlings were fewer at two ends. Fallen wood at level IV had the most regenerated seedlings,followed by level-III fallen wood,and regenerated seedlings were the fewest on fallen wood at level V. The number and species of regenerated seedling on and around fallen wood on the west slope were more than that on the east slope. With the improvement of decomposition level,regenerated seedling per unit area firstly increased and then decreased,but the number of regenerated seedling on and around fallen wood was far more than that in woodland.展开更多
Litter is an important part of forest ecosystem and its decomposition process is the key link of nutrient cycling in forest ecosystem.Accurate determination of litter decomposition dynamics is very important to study ...Litter is an important part of forest ecosystem and its decomposition process is the key link of nutrient cycling in forest ecosystem.Accurate determination of litter decomposition dynamics is very important to study the pattern and process of forest ecosystem.This paper selected The Gongga Mountain Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station at an altitude of 3000 m to observe and determine litter decomposition process of the Abies fabri forest over a long period of time.The results showed that:①The decomposition rate of litter was broadleaf>needles>dead branches,and the time required to decompose half of broadleaf,needles and dead branches was 6.8 years,10.5 years and 14.5 years respectively;the time of decompose 95%of them was 29.3 years,45.6 years and 63.1 years,respectively;②Regardless of broadleaf,needles or dead branches,the organic carbon content of them decreased with time,while the decomposition rate of organic carbon increased with time;By using the exponential decay model the decomposition coefficient of litter organic carbon calculated was broadleaf>needle>dead branches;③The organic carbon released by the annual decomposition of broadleaf,needles and dead branches in Abies fabri forest was 52.18,4.32 and 0.67 kg/hm^2,respectively.The total amount of organic carbon released by various litter was 61.13 kg/hm^2 per year,accounting for 6.58%of the total organic carbon of litter.展开更多
基金Iran National Science Foundation(INSF) for providing grant of members
文摘Microbial contamination induces surface deformations and strength degradation of cotton fabrics by invading deeply into the fibers. In this study, the sterilization effects of low pressure plasmas on bacteria-inoculated cotton fabrics were investigated. Oxygen plasma treatment completely sterilized the cotton fabrics inoculated with various concentrations of staphylococcus aureus. Also, the influence of plasma treatment on physical properties of fabrics was examined. It was found that the plasma treatment did not affect ultimate tensile strength and surface morphology of the fabrics because it took advantage of relatively low plasma temperature.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31460122,31360119)
文摘Coarse woody debris( CWD) has an important role in hydrological function and water and soil conservation function of forest ecosystem especially mountain forest ecosystem. To understand water holding capacity of CWD in subalpine forest of southeast Tibet,CWD reserve of primitive A. fabri forest in Sygera Mountain was investigated by sample plot method,and water absorption and storage capacity of CWD was studied by using soaking method. The results showed that decay grade was positively related to water storage potential,that is to say,the higher the decay grade,the larger the water storage potential. Saturated water holding capacity,saturated water holding rate,effective water holding capacity and effective water holding rate of A. fabri CWD all rose with decay grade increased,and the order was Ⅴ>Ⅳ>Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅰ. CWD reserve was 51.555 t/hm^2,and the maximum water storage capacity was 71.601 t/hm^2,while effective water storage capacity was 60.861 t/hm2,which was equivalent to 6.086 mm of rainfall.
文摘Streamwater chemistry and spatial flow dynamics from a subalpine Abies fabri forest in an experimental watershed located in the east slope of Gongga Mountain were analyzed to gain insights into the gradient effect of primary community succession on the stream biogeochemical process. Results showed that high sand content(exceeding 80%) and porosity in the soil(exceeding 20% in A horizon and 35% in B horizon), as well as a thick humus layer on the soil surface, made the water exchange quickly in the Huangbengliu(HBL) watershed. Consequently, no surface runoff was observed, and the stream discharge changed rapidly with the daily precipitation. The flow trends of base ions in the stream water were influenced by the Abies fabri succession gradient. Ca 2+ , HCO - 3 and SO 2- 4 were the dominant anions in the streamwater in this region. A significant difference of Ca 2+ , HCO - 3 and SO 2- 4 concentration exported between the succession stages in the watershed can be found. But they had the similar temporal change in the stream flow. Ca 2+ , HCO - 3 and SO 2- 4 showed significantly negative correlations with the daily precipitation and the stream discharge. \;Concentrations of Cl -, Na +, K +, and Mg 2+ were low in all streamwaters monitored and we observed no differences along the Abies fabri succession gradient. Low ratios of Na:(Na+Ca) (range from 0.1 to 0.2) implied cations were from bedrock weathering(internal source process in the soil system) in this region. But, a variance analysis showed there were almost no differences between rainwater and streamwaters for Mg 2+ , Na +, K +, and Cl - concentrations. This indicated that they might be come from rainfall inputs(external source). The highly mobile capacity, rapid water exchange between precipitation and discharge, and long-term export lead to this observed pattern were suggested.
文摘The knitting condition and technology for PBT/PET composite fibre on loop wheel machine as well as the effect of knitted fabric structure and stitch parameter are discussed in this paper. The properties of high elastic plain knitted fabrics are also discussed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31460122)Excellent Teaching Team Project in Tibet Colleges and Universities:Plateau Forest Cultivation and Management Team(2017)
文摘The impact on seedling recruitment by fallen wood of A. fabri forest in Tibet Sygera Mountain was studied. The results showed that regenerated seedlings on fallen wood roughly showed normal distribution,and there were more regenerated seedlings in the middle of fallen wood,while regenerated seedlings were fewer at two ends. Fallen wood at level IV had the most regenerated seedlings,followed by level-III fallen wood,and regenerated seedlings were the fewest on fallen wood at level V. The number and species of regenerated seedling on and around fallen wood on the west slope were more than that on the east slope. With the improvement of decomposition level,regenerated seedling per unit area firstly increased and then decreased,but the number of regenerated seedling on and around fallen wood was far more than that in woodland.
基金Sponsored by National Key Research and Development Program(2016YFC0503305)CAS Key Technology Talent Program(CAS201665)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41771062)
文摘Litter is an important part of forest ecosystem and its decomposition process is the key link of nutrient cycling in forest ecosystem.Accurate determination of litter decomposition dynamics is very important to study the pattern and process of forest ecosystem.This paper selected The Gongga Mountain Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station at an altitude of 3000 m to observe and determine litter decomposition process of the Abies fabri forest over a long period of time.The results showed that:①The decomposition rate of litter was broadleaf>needles>dead branches,and the time required to decompose half of broadleaf,needles and dead branches was 6.8 years,10.5 years and 14.5 years respectively;the time of decompose 95%of them was 29.3 years,45.6 years and 63.1 years,respectively;②Regardless of broadleaf,needles or dead branches,the organic carbon content of them decreased with time,while the decomposition rate of organic carbon increased with time;By using the exponential decay model the decomposition coefficient of litter organic carbon calculated was broadleaf>needle>dead branches;③The organic carbon released by the annual decomposition of broadleaf,needles and dead branches in Abies fabri forest was 52.18,4.32 and 0.67 kg/hm^2,respectively.The total amount of organic carbon released by various litter was 61.13 kg/hm^2 per year,accounting for 6.58%of the total organic carbon of litter.
