Vitamin B complex and vitamin B12 levels after peripheral nerve injury

The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether tissue levels of vitamin B complex and vitamin B12 were altered after crush-induced peripheral nerve injury in an experimental rat model. A total of 80 male Wistar rats were randomized into one control（n = 8） and six study groups（1, 6, 12, 24 hours, 3, and 7 days after experimental nerve injury; n = 12 for each group）. Crush-induced peripheral nerve injury was performed on the sciatic nerves of rats in six study groups. Tissue samples from the sites of peripheral nerve injury were obtained at 1, 6, 12, 24 hours, 3 and 7 days after experimental nerve injury. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed that tissue levels of vitamin B complex and vitamin B12 in the injured sciatic nerve were significantly greater at 1 and 12 hours after experimental nerve injury, while they were significantly lower at 7 days than in control group. Tissue level of vitamin B_（12） in the injured sciatic nerve was significantly lower at 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours than in the control group. These results suggest that tissue levels of vitamin B complex and vitamin B12 vary with progression of crush-induced peripheral nerve injury, and supplementation of these vitamins in the acute period may be beneficial for acceleration of nerve regeneration.

Loss of Aβ-nerve endings associated with the Merkel cell-neurite complex in the lesional oral mucosa epithelium of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis

The Merkel cell-neurite complex initiates the perception of touch and mediates Ap slowly adapting type I responses. Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with T-cell-mediated inflammation, whereas hyperkeratosis is characterized with or without epithelial dysplasia in the oral mucosa. To determine the effects of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis on the Merkel cell-neurite complex, healthy oral mucosal epithelium and lesional oral mucosal epithelium of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis patients were stained by immunohistochemistry （the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex and double immunofluorescence methods）using pan cytokeratin, cytokeratin 20 （K20, a Merkel cell marker）, and neurofilament 200 （NF200, a myelinated Aβ- and Aδ-nerve fibre marker） antibodies. N F200-immunoreactive （ir） nerve fibres in healthy tissues and in the lesional oral mucosa epithelium of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis were counted and statistically analysed. In the healthy oral mucosa, K20-positive Merkel cells with and without close association to the intraepithelial NF200-ir nerve fibres were detected. In the lesional oral mucosa of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis patients, extremely rare NF200-ir nerve fibres were detected only in the lamina propria. Compared with healthy tissues, lichen planus and hyperkeratosis tissues had significantly decreased numbers of NF200-ir nerve fibres in the oral mucosal epithelium. Lichen planus and hyperkeratosis were associated with the absence of Aβ-nerve endings in the oral mucosal epithelium. Thus, we conclude that mechanosensation mediated by the Merkel cell-neurite complex in the oral mucosal epithelium is impaired in lichen planus and hvperkeratosis.

Neuronal changes resulting in up-regulation of alpha-1 adrenoceptors after peripheral nerve injury

Under normal conditions, the sympathetic neurotransmitter noradrenaline inhibits the production and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, after peripheral nerve and tissue injury, pro-inflammatory cytokines appear to induce the expression of the alphalA-adreno- ceptor subtype on immune cells and perhaps also on other cells in the injured tissue. In turn, noradrenaline may act on up-regulated alphal-adrenoceptors to increase the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6. In addition, the release of inflammatory mediators and nerve growth factor from keratinocytes and other cells may augment the expression of alphal-adrenoceptors on peripheral nerve fibers. Consequently, nociceptive afferents acquire an abnormal excitability to adrenergic agents, and inflammatory processes build. These mechanisms could contribute to the development of sympathetically maintained pain in conditions such as post-herpetic neuralgia, cutaneous neuromas, amputation stump pain and complex regional pain syndrome.

Evaluation of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, macula and ganglion cell thickness in amblyopia using spectral optical coherence tomography

AIM:To investigate peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), macula and ganglion cell layer thicknesses (GCC) in amblyopic eyes with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). METHODS:Thirty six patients with a history of unilateral amblyopia and thirty two children who had emmetropia without amblyopia were included in this study. In this institutional study, 36 eyes of 36 patients with amblyopia (AE), 36 fellow eyes without amblyopia (FE), and 32 eyes of 32 normal subjects (NE) were included. RNFL, GCC and macular thickness measurements were performed with RS-3000 OCT Retina Scan (Nidek Inc CA. USA). RESULTS:The mean global thicknesses of the RNFL were 113.22 ±21.47, 111.57 ±18.25, 109.96 ±11.31μm in the AE, FE, and NE, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference for mean global RNFL thickness among the eyes (P =0.13). The mean thicknesses of the macula were 258.25±18.31, 258.75±19.54, 248.62±10.57μm in the AE, FE and NE, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference for thickness of macula among the eyes (P =0.06). The GCC was investigated into two parts:superior and inferior. The mean thicknesses of superior GCC were 102.57 ±13.32, 103.32 ±10.64, 100.52 ± 5.88μm in the AE, FE, and NE, respectively. The mean thicknesses of inferior GCC were 103.82 ±12.60, 107.82 ± 12.33, 105.86±10.79μm in the AE, FE and NE, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference for thickness of superior and inferior GCC between the eyes (P =0.63, P =0.46). ·CONCLUSION:The macular thicknesses of AE and FE were greater than the NE, although it was not statistically significant. Amblyopia does not seem to have a profound effect on the RNFL, macula and GCC.

TRH microinjection into DVC enhances motility of rabbits gallbladder via vagus nerve

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妇科恶性肿瘤术后继发Ⅲ期下肢淋巴水肿的护理

总结采用腰交感神经阻滞术和综合消肿治疗对4例妇科恶性肿瘤术后继发Ⅲ期下肢淋巴水肿患者进行治疗的护理经验,包括腰交感神经阻滞术的护理、个性化皮肤护理、改良的徒手淋巴引流、多层绷带加压包扎、患肢功能锻炼、饮食管理等。经过腰交感神经阻滞术和综合消肿治疗后,出院时患者患肢各部分周径减少,体重下降,皮肤变软,肢体功能受限得到缓解,水肿症状得到了有效控制。

Neurotoxicity of prenatal alcohol exposure on medullary pre-B?tzinger complex neurons in neonatal rats

Prenatal alcohol exposure disrupts the development of normal fetal respiratory function, but whether it perturbs respiratory rhythmical discharge activity is unclear. Furthermore, it is unknown whether the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor（5-HT2AR） is involved in the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure. In the present study, pregnant female rats received drinking water containing alcohol at concentrations of 0%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 8% or 10%（v/v） throughout the gestation period. Slices of the medulla from 2-day-old neonatal rats were obtained to record respiratory rhythmical discharge activity. 5-HT2 AR protein and m RNA levels in the pre-B？tzinger complex of the respiratory center were measured by western blot analysis and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. Compared with the 0% alcohol group, respiratory rhythmical discharge activity in medullary slices in the 4%, 8% and 10% alcohol groups was decreased, and the reduction was greatest in the 8% alcohol group. Respiratory rhythmical discharge activity in the 10% alcohol group was irregular. Thus, 8% was the most effective alcohol concentration at attenuating respiratory rhythmical discharge activity. These findings suggest that prenatal alcohol exposure attenuates respiratory rhythmical discharge activity in neonatal rats by downregulating 5-HT2 AR protein and m RNA levels.

不同程度近视患者视网膜神经纤维层厚度和神经节细胞复合体参数的变化

目的:比较低度、中度和高度近视非青光眼受试者通过光谱域光学相干断层扫描技术(SD-OCT)测量的视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)和黄斑神经节细胞复合体(GCC)参数的变化。方法:选择2019-12/2022-11期间在我院就诊的近视受试者400例400眼参与本研究,根据受试者近视程度分为:低度近视组(142例142眼,35.5%)、中度近视组(139例139眼,34.8%)和高度近视组(119例119眼,29.8%)。测量RNFL厚度,包括均值、上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧RNFL厚度。测量GCC参数,包括均值、上方、颞上方、下方、颞下方、鼻上方、鼻下方。评估OCT测量的RNFL厚度、GCC参数均值与眼轴长度之间的相关性。结果:低度近视组和中度近视组的上方、下方、鼻侧、平均RNFL厚度明显高于高度近视组,颞侧RNFL厚度明显低于高度近视组(均P<0.05);低度近视组和中度近视组的上方、颞上方、下方、颞下方、鼻上方、鼻下方、平均GCC厚度明显高于高度近视组(均P<0.05);在中度近视组中,RNFL和GCC厚度均值与眼轴长度均呈负相关(r=-0.387、-0.309,均P<0.05)。在高度近视组中,RNFL和GCC厚度均值与眼轴长度均呈负相关(r=-0.499、-0.503,均P<0.01)。结论:高度近视受试者的RNFL和GCC厚度往往比低度和中度近视受试者更薄。

糖尿病患者黄斑神经节细胞复合体、视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层厚度水平与视网膜病变的相关性分析

目的分析糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)患者黄斑神经节细胞复合体(ganglion cell complex,GCC)、视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层(retinal nerve fiber layer,RNFL)的厚度水平与视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)的关系。方法选择2020年2月至2022年3月首都医科大学宣武医院收治的DM患者110例145眼作为研究对象,按照是否发生DR分为DR组(51例,69眼)和非DR组(59例,76眼),依据DR不同严重程度分期将DR组分为非增殖性DR组(NPDR组,38例,47眼)和增殖性DR组(PDR组,13例,22眼)。两组患者均进行光学相干断层扫描血管成像技术(optical coherence tomography angiography,OCTA)检查,比较不同分组DM患者黄斑部GCC和视盘周围RNFL厚度变化及与DR分期的关系。结果DR组GCC总体厚度(total GCC thickness,tGCC)、GCC上方厚度(superior GCC thickness,sGCC)和GCC下方厚度(inferior GCC thickness,iGCC)均低于非DR组(P<0.05);PDR组tGCC、sGCC和iGCC均低于轻中度NPDR组(mNPDR)和重度NPDR组(sNPDR),且sNPDR组tGCC、sGCC和iGCC均低于mNPDR(P<0.05);NPDR组视盘周围RNFL上方和下方以及平均厚度均低于非DR组和PDR组(P<0.05),PDR组视盘周围RNFL各部位厚度均高于非DR组和NPDR组(P<0.05);sNPDR组视盘周围上方、下方、颞侧、鼻侧及平均厚度均低于mNPDR组(P<0.05),PDR轻中度组和重度组视盘周围各部位RNFL厚度均高于mNPDR组和sNPDR组,且PDR重度组各部位RNFL厚度均高于轻中度组(P<0.05);Spearman相关性分析结果显示,DR患者黄斑tGCC、sGCC和iGCC厚度与DR严重程度呈负相关(r分别为-0.485、-0.496、-0.501,P<0.05),DR患者视盘周围各部位RNFL厚度与NPDR分期呈负相关(r分别为-0.519、-0.527、-0.498、-0.507、-0.511,P<0.05),与PDR严重程度呈正相关(r分别为0.531、0.514、0.501、0.512、0.499,P<0.05)。结论DR患者早期已经出现视网膜神经的损伤,黄斑GCC厚度随着DR进展明显下降;NPDR患者视盘周围RNFL厚度呈现下降趋势,随着DR进展至PDR,视盘周围RNFL厚度有所增加,黄斑GCC和视盘周围RNFL厚度的动态变化能够为糖尿病患者视网膜神经结构的损伤和DR的进展提供依据。

Magneuro磁刺激仪治疗复杂性肛瘘术后肛门节制功能障碍的疗效

目的:探讨Magneuro磁刺激仪治疗复杂性肛瘘术后肛门节制功能障碍的疗效。方法:选2018年3月—2021年8月我院收治的复杂性肛瘘术后遗留肛门节制功能障碍患者61例,数字表法随机分为观察组32例、对照组29例,分别接受磁刺激骶神经和神经肌肉电刺激治疗。比较两组治疗前后Wexner评分、肛门可控性好达标率、肛管直肠功能、羞耻感评分。结果观察组重度障碍患者治疗后Wexner总分、复发率低于对照组(P<0.05),可控性好达标率、肛管直肠功能高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后观察组羞耻感评分低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:与神经肌肉电刺激治疗相比,Magneuro磁刺激仪治疗复杂性肛瘘术后肛门节制功能障碍的疗效更为显著。

颈内动脉狭窄及合并缺血性脑卒中患者视网膜微血管神经改变特征

目的对比单侧颈内动脉狭窄(ICAS)患者双眼视网膜厚度及血流密度(VD)、视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)厚度及神经节细胞复合体(GCC)厚度,探讨颈内动脉狭窄及合并缺血性脑卒中患者视网膜微血管神经的变化特点。方法横断面研究。收集2019年12月至2021年12月在我院就诊的单侧ICAS≥70%(狭窄侧眼组)、对侧颈内动脉无狭窄或狭窄<50%(对侧眼组)的27例患者的临床资料。所有患者均行眼科常规及光学相干断层扫描血管成像(OCTA)检查。对比观察双眼视网膜厚度、VD、RNFL厚度及GCC厚度,并根据是否合并缺血性脑卒中进行亚组分析。结果ICAS≥70%的患者狭窄侧眼组黄斑区浅层、深层视网膜及黄斑中心凹无灌注区面积周围300μm环内的VD均较对侧眼组明显降低(均为P<0.05),狭窄侧眼组的视盘下颞区及颞下区VD均较对侧眼组明显降低(均为P<0.05)。合并缺血性脑卒中的ICAS患者狭窄侧眼组黄斑区视网膜浅层和深层VD、视盘下颞及颞下区VD、下半部GCC厚度均较对侧眼组显著降低(P<0.05)。不合并脑卒中的ICAS患者狭窄侧眼组与对侧眼组黄斑区及视盘的VD、RNFL厚度、GCC厚度差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。结论重度及以上ICAS的患者已经出现视网膜微循环障碍,且在合并有缺血性脑卒中的患者中表现更明显,并出现神经节细胞的损伤,提示ICAS合并视网膜微血管和神经节细胞的损伤有可能是缺血性脑卒中发生的危险因素。

OCT测量黄斑区神经节细胞复合体厚度在高度近视眼中的应用进展

近视防控已经上升到我国国家战略层面,高度近视引起的视神经病变会损害视功能,但在临床上常常被忽视。OCT可以非侵入、高分辨率、快速以及可重复地定量视网膜各层厚度,是评估高度近视相关视神经病变的有力工具。由于高度近视常合并视盘和盘周的改变,视神经纤维层厚度的定量常出现误差。近年来,学者开始聚焦于黄斑区神经节细胞复合体(ganglion cell complex,GCC)厚度的研究,但其在高度近视眼中的变化规律尚不统一。该文针对近年来高度近视眼黄斑区GCC的测量规范、诊断价值、变化规律等进行综述,以期提高眼科医师对高度近视视神经病变的重视和研究水平。

基于复杂网络分析王平教授治疗神经根型颈椎病的用药规律

目的:利用复杂网络分析方法挖掘王平教授治疗神经根型颈椎病(cervical spondylotic radiculopathy,CSR)的用药规律,为中医药治疗CSR提供参考。方法:以2018年6月至2019年10月王平教授门诊治疗CSR的248则病案为基础,应用Excel 2007软件对处方数量及中药使用频次频率进行统计分析,采用Liquorice系统对核心药物配伍及随证加减配伍规律进行复杂网络分析。结果:本研究中医案共涉及药物88味,累计使用中药共2672频次,王平教授治疗本病的核心药物为川芎、当归、白芍、甘草、熟地黄、黄芪、桂枝、葛根、栀子,核心处方为黄芪桂枝五物汤或桂枝加葛根汤加减。结论:王平教授认为CSR的基本病机在于本虚标实,治疗以活血化瘀、益气养血为基本原则,以燥湿化痰、利水渗湿、益气养阴、消食导滞、清热泻火为辅。

乳突径路定位茎乳孔面神经后切除复杂性第一鳃裂瘘管或囊肿临床研究

目的 探讨复杂性第一鳃裂瘘管或囊肿手术切除的有效径路。方法 回顾性分析2010年1月-2021年8月复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉医院收治的13例复杂性第一鳃裂瘘管或囊肿患者,所有患者均在显微镜下采用乳突完壁切除,开放茎乳孔并定位面神经,随后解剖腮腺面神经总干,在保护面神经及保留腮腺解剖结构前提下行第一鳃裂瘘管或囊肿切除。结果 本研究中男4例,女9例,年龄7-68岁,病史10-420个月不等,既往手术切除史8例,反复切开引流病史5例。随访时间4个月-11年。术前颞骨MRI T2WI平扫示病变为高信号,同面神经解剖关系密切。所有患者病变完全切除,1例患者切口感染,其余病例切口均Ⅰ期愈合,术后3个月面神经H-B I级,纯音测听示手术耳平均听阈,气导听阈16 d B,骨导听阈8 d B。所有患者无外耳道狭窄,无涎瘘、口干及Frey综合征发生;2例患者术后短暂出现唇角歪斜,H-B II级,经治疗随访2个月后面瘫恢复,术后颞骨MRI平扫示瘘管已被切除,13例患者均未见复发。结论 复杂性第一鳃裂瘘管或囊肿与面神经的解剖关系密切,显微镜下乳突完壁式切除后能定位茎乳孔面神经,随后能快速,准确解剖腮腺面神经总干,有效切除瘘管或囊肿,避免损伤面神经。

激活mTORC2/Akt信号通路对6-羟基多巴胺模型小鼠多巴胺能神经元和行为学的影响

目的探讨激活哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物2(mTORC2)/Akt信号通路对6-羟基多巴胺(6-OHDA)模型小鼠多巴胺能神经元和行为学的影响及可能的机制。方法将36只体重20~25 g 3月龄Nestin-CreERTM::ROSA26-LacZ雄性C57BL/6J小鼠分为NS+玉米油组、6-OHDA+玉米油组、6-OHDA+PP242组、6-OHDA+A-443654组,并在小鼠右侧纹状体注射6-OHDA制备帕金森病(PD)小鼠模型以及每日腹腔注射mTORC2/Akt信号通路激动剂A-443654或抑制剂PP242。通过ELISA测定血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)的水平;免疫组织化学和免疫荧光染色考察黑质(SN)-纹状体小胶质细胞、脑室周围神经前体细胞(NPCs)和多巴胺能神经元数目,Western blotting检测中脑水管mTORC2/Akt信号通路各相关蛋白Rictor,p-Akt和DNA损伤反应调节1(REDD1)的表达并通过免疫共沉淀验证它们之间的相互作用,最后观察各组小鼠行为学的变化。结果6-OHDA模型小鼠伴随小胶质细胞的激活和炎症因子的增加,黑质多巴胺能阳性神经元数目明显下降,小鼠的运动功能发生障碍,但NPCs数目较对照组小鼠明显增加,mTORC2/Akt信号通路相关蛋白表达也明显上调,在激动剂A-443654处理后随着相关蛋白的表达进一步上调,上述各指标均有明显改善,而抑制剂PP242处理组则呈现与激动剂A-443654完全相反的情况。结论A-443654通过上调mTORC2/Akt信号通路关键蛋白促进NPCs的增殖,增加新生多巴胺能神经元的数目并减少小胶质细胞的激活和炎症反应最终导致PD模型小鼠黑质-纹状体多巴胺能神经元和小鼠行为学的改善。

mGCC和pRNFL厚度及视野对新生血管性青光眼的诊断价值

目的:分析黄斑区节细胞复合体(mGCC)和视乳头周围视网膜神经纤维层(pRNFL)厚度及视野对新生血管性青光眼(NVG)的诊断价值。方法:回顾性研究。收集2018-01/2021-10本院收治的NVG患者92例100眼,按病理分期分为新生血管性青光眼前期患者31例32眼、开角型青光眼期患者31例36眼及闭角型青光眼期患者30例32眼。选择同期于我院接受健康体检者50例100眼者作为对照组。采用Pearson相关性分析mGCC、pRNFL厚度与MD的相关性,以受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线研究各指标诊断效能。结果:新生血管性青光眼前期、开角型青光眼期和闭角型青光眼期mGCC-平均(a)、mGCC-上方(s)、mGCC-下方(i)厚度均低于对照组(均P<0.001),新生血管性青光眼前期、开角型青光眼期mGCC-a、mGCC-s、mGCC-i均高于闭角型青光眼期(均P<0.001),新生血管性青光眼前期mGCC-a、mGCC-s、mGCC-i均高于开角型青光眼期(均P<0.001)。新生血管性青光眼前期、开角型青光眼期和闭角型青光眼期pRNFL-a、pRNFL-颞侧(t)、pRNFL-s、pRNFL-鼻侧(n)、pRNFL-i厚度均高于对照组,MD高于对照组(均P<0.001);新生血管性青光眼前期、开角型青光眼期pRNFL-a、pRNFL-t、pRNFL-s、pRNFL-n、pRNFL-i均高于闭角型青光眼期,MD高于闭角型青光眼期(均P<0.001),新生血管性青光眼前期pRNFL-a、pRNFL-t、pRNFL-s、pRNFL-n、pRNFL-i均高于开角型青光眼期,MD高于开角型青光眼期(均P<0.001)。mGCC-a、mGCC-s、mGCC-i和pRNFL-a、pRNFL-t、pRNFL-s、pRNFL-n、pRNFL-i与MD呈负相关性(均P<0.001)。mGCC、pRNFL厚度及MD联合诊断NVG的效能最高(敏感度为79.00%,特异度为87.00,AUC=0.973,95%CI=0.956~0.990,P<0.05)。结论:NVG患者mGCC、pRNFL厚度与MD呈负相关关系,mGCC、pRNFL厚度及MD对NVG有一定的诊断价值,且以联合检测的诊断效能最高。

Development of BINOL-Si complexes with large stokes shifts and their application as chemodosimeters for nerve agent

Three fluorescent BINOL-Si complexes(FS1,FS2 and FS3)were rationally designed and synthesized to detect diethyl chlorophosphate(DCP),a mimic of lethal nerve agents.These three fluorescent probes showed green,yellow and orange fluorescence,respectively.Moreover,the series of fluorescent probes has the characteristics of fast response time(4 s),low detection limit(0.0097 mmol/L),high sensitivity and naked eye detection.More important,a fiber optic sensor capable of detecting DCP vapor in real time was also prepared for the first time,the lowest detection limits(down to 4.4 ppb)were all lower than that of the IDLH(immediately dangerous to life or health)concentration of Sarin(7.0 ppb).

颞中静脉在头皮冠状切口中的临床应用

目的:探讨颞中静脉在颧骨复合体骨折行冠状切口颞区翻瓣中的临床价值。方法:选取从2016年1月~2022年3月在南华大学附属长沙中心医院口腔颌面外科住院的颧骨复合体患者,根据患者手术需要,经自愿同意本研究的改良式冠状切口入路行开放复位坚强内固定,术后随访不少于6个月,收集患者术后伤口感染、术后血肿、张口度、面神经损伤、颞部凹陷、局部秃发、骨折、愈合患者满意度情况,并与2013年1月~2016年1月间在我科进行非此种改良术式的颧骨复合体骨折患者情况进行分析和比较。结果:共对47例患者进行了在颞中静脉指引下的冠状切口入路颞部翻瓣行颧骨复合体骨折内固定手术,47例患者术后手术创面均一期愈合,骨折愈合良好,无术后血肿及面神经损伤,存在术后颞窝轻度凹陷1例,局部秃发2例,轻度张口受限3例,术后满意度97.87%(46例)。非颞中静脉翻瓣组病例共31例,术后骨折愈合良好,但存在术后伤口感染1例,术后血肿4例,轻度张口受限3例,面神经损伤3例,其中额纹消失2例,额纹消失合并闭眼不能1例,颞部凹陷1例,局部秃发3例,术后满意度83.87%(26例)。对两组病例的术后并发症以及满意度进行统计学分析,非颞中静脉组术后血肿、面神经损伤发生率均显著高于颞中静脉组,两者间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);颞中静脉组术后满意度显著高于非颞中静脉组,两者间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);颞部凹陷、张口度、局部秃发两者间无统计学差异。结论:颧骨复合体骨折行颞区翻瓣时以颞中静脉结合颞中静脉的起始端和跨颧弓根处为重要手术安全标志,在充分保护面神经的同时也保证了颞部脂肪层的静脉回流,可降低面神经损伤和术后血肿发生率,而且利用此手术标志使得颞区翻瓣更加简洁,避免了由于手术医生临床经验不同而导致的手术效果差异,获得更高的临床满意度,有进一步研究和推广的价值。

神经递质抑制类肽淡化面部动态皱纹作用机理及研究进展

面部表情肌频繁收缩形成动态皱纹,进而转化为永久性皱纹。表情肌的收缩源于神经信号的传递,神经递质乙酰胆碱(acetylcholine,ACh)是重要的信号因子,与其受体结合后传递信号,引起肌细胞的收缩活动。多肽中的一部分肽被发现能够抑制ACh的传递,如乙酰基八肽-3、五肽-3、芋螺毒素等。本文综述了面部动态皱纹产生过程中肌肉收缩的原理、神经递质抑制类肽的种类及其抑制动态皱纹的作用机理。