Wavelet analysis is used to study the interannual and interdecadal variationsof rainfall in China and atmospheric circulation factors, including the key atmosphericoscillations, W, C, E patterns and subtropical high. ...Wavelet analysis is used to study the interannual and interdecadal variationsof rainfall in China and atmospheric circulation factors, including the key atmosphericoscillations, W, C, E patterns and subtropical high. Regression analysis and correlation analysisare both used to study the relationship of atmospheric circulation factors and China rainfall ondifferent time scale and spatial scale. The results are as follows: (1) The variations ofatmospheric circulation and rainfall in China are characterized by interannual and interdecadalscales. The variations of atmospheric circulation and rainfall are composed of interannual andinterdecadal variations. It is necessary to separate those two time scales when climate changes andforecast are studied. (2) The variations of China rainfall are due to the interaction ofmulti-factors rather than single factors. The marked factors which influence the interannual andinterdecadal variations are various. Subtropical high is one of the marked factors which influenceinterannual variations of rainfall, while AO, NAO, and NPO are one of the marked factors whichinfluence interdecadal variations of rainfall. (3) The longer the time scale is, and the larger thespatial scale is, and the more remarkable the relationships between atmospheric circulation andrainfall are.展开更多
Background Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is a common form of glomerular nephropathy in children,with an incidence rate of 1.15-16.9/100,000 depending on different nationalities and ethnicities.The etiological factors ...Background Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is a common form of glomerular nephropathy in children,with an incidence rate of 1.15-16.9/100,000 depending on different nationalities and ethnicities.The etiological factors and mechanisms of childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome have not yet been fully elucidated.This review summarizes the progress of the immunopathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children.Data sources We review the literature on the immunopathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children.Databases including Medline,Scopus,and Web of Science were searched for studies published in any language with the terms"chil-dren","idiopathic nephrotic syndrome","immunopathogenesis","T cells","circulating permeability factors",and"B cells".Results Dysfunction in T lymphocytes and pathogenic circulatory factors were indicated to play key roles in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.Recently,some studies have shown that cellular immune dysfunction may also be involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.Conclusions Both T-and B-cell dysfunction may play significant roles in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome,like two sides of one coin,but the role of B cell seems more important than T cells.展开更多
A new algorithm for finding the inverse of a nonsingular scaled factor circulant matrix is presented by the Euclid's algorithm. Extension is made to compute the group inverse and the Moore-Penrose inverse of the sing...A new algorithm for finding the inverse of a nonsingular scaled factor circulant matrix is presented by the Euclid's algorithm. Extension is made to compute the group inverse and the Moore-Penrose inverse of the singular scaled factor circulant matrix. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the implementation of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
Adipose tissue(AT)is highly plastic and heterogeneous in response to environmental and nutritional changes.The development of heat-dissipating beige adipocytes in white AT(WAT)through a process known as browning(or be...Adipose tissue(AT)is highly plastic and heterogeneous in response to environmental and nutritional changes.The development of heat-dissipating beige adipocytes in white AT(WAT)through a process known as browning(or beiging)has garnered much attention as a promising therapeutic strategy for obesity and its related metabolic complications.This is due to its inducibility in response to thermogenic stimulation and its association with improved metabolic health.WAT consists of adipocytes,nerves,vascular endothelial cells,various types of immune cells,adipocyte progenitor cells,and fibroblasts.These cells contribute to the formation of beige adipocytes through the release of protein factors that significantly influence browning capacity.In addition,inter-organ crosstalk is also important for beige adipocyte biogenesis.Here,we summarize recent findings on fat depot-specific differences,secretory factors participating in intercellular and inter-organ communications that regulate the recruitment of thermogenic beige adipocytes,as well as challenges in targeting beige adipocytes as a potential anti-obese therapy.展开更多
基金Supported by the Yunnan Key Project (2003D0014Z)the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 40065001.
文摘Wavelet analysis is used to study the interannual and interdecadal variationsof rainfall in China and atmospheric circulation factors, including the key atmosphericoscillations, W, C, E patterns and subtropical high. Regression analysis and correlation analysisare both used to study the relationship of atmospheric circulation factors and China rainfall ondifferent time scale and spatial scale. The results are as follows: (1) The variations ofatmospheric circulation and rainfall in China are characterized by interannual and interdecadalscales. The variations of atmospheric circulation and rainfall are composed of interannual andinterdecadal variations. It is necessary to separate those two time scales when climate changes andforecast are studied. (2) The variations of China rainfall are due to the interaction ofmulti-factors rather than single factors. The marked factors which influence the interannual andinterdecadal variations are various. Subtropical high is one of the marked factors which influenceinterannual variations of rainfall, while AO, NAO, and NPO are one of the marked factors whichinfluence interdecadal variations of rainfall. (3) The longer the time scale is, and the larger thespatial scale is, and the more remarkable the relationships between atmospheric circulation andrainfall are.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Foundation of China(81770710)Key Research and Development Plan of Zhejiang Province(2019C03028)the Major projects jointly constructed by the Zhejiang Province,and National Health Commission(WKJ-ZJ-1908).
文摘Background Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is a common form of glomerular nephropathy in children,with an incidence rate of 1.15-16.9/100,000 depending on different nationalities and ethnicities.The etiological factors and mechanisms of childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome have not yet been fully elucidated.This review summarizes the progress of the immunopathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children.Data sources We review the literature on the immunopathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children.Databases including Medline,Scopus,and Web of Science were searched for studies published in any language with the terms"chil-dren","idiopathic nephrotic syndrome","immunopathogenesis","T cells","circulating permeability factors",and"B cells".Results Dysfunction in T lymphocytes and pathogenic circulatory factors were indicated to play key roles in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.Recently,some studies have shown that cellular immune dysfunction may also be involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.Conclusions Both T-and B-cell dysfunction may play significant roles in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome,like two sides of one coin,but the role of B cell seems more important than T cells.
基金supported by the Postdoctoral grants of the Science Foundation of China (Project No.2004035684)
文摘A new algorithm for finding the inverse of a nonsingular scaled factor circulant matrix is presented by the Euclid's algorithm. Extension is made to compute the group inverse and the Moore-Penrose inverse of the singular scaled factor circulant matrix. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the implementation of the proposed algorithm.
基金supported by Hong Kong Research Grants Council/Area of Excellence(AoE/M/707-18)Collaborative Research Fund(C70+1 种基金37-17VW)General Research Fund(17125317).
文摘Adipose tissue(AT)is highly plastic and heterogeneous in response to environmental and nutritional changes.The development of heat-dissipating beige adipocytes in white AT(WAT)through a process known as browning(or beiging)has garnered much attention as a promising therapeutic strategy for obesity and its related metabolic complications.This is due to its inducibility in response to thermogenic stimulation and its association with improved metabolic health.WAT consists of adipocytes,nerves,vascular endothelial cells,various types of immune cells,adipocyte progenitor cells,and fibroblasts.These cells contribute to the formation of beige adipocytes through the release of protein factors that significantly influence browning capacity.In addition,inter-organ crosstalk is also important for beige adipocyte biogenesis.Here,we summarize recent findings on fat depot-specific differences,secretory factors participating in intercellular and inter-organ communications that regulate the recruitment of thermogenic beige adipocytes,as well as challenges in targeting beige adipocytes as a potential anti-obese therapy.