Is China’s Economic Growth Profitled or Wage-led?——A Theoretical Inquiry and Empirical Study on the Impact of Labor Share on Growth

The paper makes a comparative review and evaluation of different theories on impacts of the distribution of labor and capital income on economic growth as well as criticism of the mainstream theories and suggests using Bhaduri-Marglin model as the theoretical basis for relevant research. By formulating the econometric model and analyzing time series data from 1978 to 2012, the paper makes an empirical research into the impact of labor share on economic growth in China. It has discovered that the positive effect of labor share on consumption demand growth in China outweighs its negative effect on investment and net export growth, concluding that growth in China is wage-led at present. That may mean that （1） increasing labor share promotes growth and the goals of equality and efficiency supports each other,＂ （2） the demand and optimizing structure＂ lies in regulation tools. key to ＂stabilizing growth, expanding domestic establishing a set of pro-labor institution and

“Family-bound”or“Pulled by Work”?—A Study of Chinese Women’s Social Participation and the Factors Influencing It

On the basis of an analysis of data from the Chinese Social Survey(CSS)2015,and with male social participation as the reference,we undertook an empirical study of Chinese women’s current social participation and the factors affecting it along the two dimensions of“marriage and family life”and“employment and income status,”as well as the basic characteristics of individuals.Our findings show that in general women display a lower level of social participation than men.In terms of type of social participation,women are more likely to take part in policy-supported activities or serve as volunteers for public interest activities but less likely to participate in the activities of particular“action organizations”or the expression of opinion.Women’s social participation is affected by many factors,including basic individual characteristics,marital status and family life,and employment and income status.A further gender comparison finds that female social participation tends to be more affected by marriage and family life,whereas male social participation is more closely related to employment and income status.We conclude that although more Chinese women have stepped out of the bonds of“home and family,”their social participation“outside the family”is family-bound in a way that is quite different that of men.Hence if we are to pursue gender equality at the level of social participation,it remains necessary to give women greater assurances in terms of marriage and family life by encouraging the realization of their self-worth and facilitating their social development,so as to coordinate and alleviate the double pressures of family and work,thus making women’s social participation an important force and enhancing their all-round development.

Does the Domestic Value Added Induced by China's Exports Really Belong to China?

Since 2001, the exports of foreign-invested enterprises （FIEs） have accounted for more than 50percent of China＇s total exports. As foreign capital occupies a high proportion of the total capital of FIEs, most FIEs ＇ capital gains are foreign factor income. Although these gains are calculated as apart of China＇s GDP, they do not belong to China＇s national income. To determine the real contribution of exports to China ＂s welfare, the present paper analyses the impact of exports on China ＂s national income using a non-competitive input output model capturing processing trade. The results show that every US$1000 of China＇s exports generates US$506.8 of national income. The real contribution of exports to China ＂s welfare is much smaller than what we expected. This suggests that China should endeavor to improve the gains from international markets orfind another engine to maintain its economic growth.