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Antimicrobial Resistant Coliforms in Tap Water with Low Free Residual Chlorine Levels in Two Hospitals: Case Study in Gaza, Palestine
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作者 Reem T. Abu Shomar Ayman Ramlawi +1 位作者 Renad Abu-Dan Abdelraouf A. Elmanama 《Journal of Water Resource and Protection》 2021年第10期767-777,共11页
Universal access to safe water, whether at households or health centres, is central to achieving the sixth sustainable development goal by 2030. A hospital-based survey was conducted to screen for antimicrobial resist... Universal access to safe water, whether at households or health centres, is central to achieving the sixth sustainable development goal by 2030. A hospital-based survey was conducted to screen for antimicrobial resistance among coliforms in samples collected from tap water (n = 54) at surgical wards in Gaza and to investigate the association with free residual chlorine and pH levels. Total coliforms (TC) were detected in 48.1% (26/54) of tested samples and FCs were detected in 25.9% (14/54). Free residual chlorine test ranged from zero to 0.2 mg/l (average: 0.08 mg/l), of which more than half of the samples (53.7%) 29/54 showed no free residual chlorine. The mean value of free residual chlorine in samples tested positive for growth on m-Endo (0.03) was lower than the mean for negative samples (0.14). The pH values were within the acceptable range (average: 7.6) and there was a statistically significant variation between the mean of pH values for samples tested positive on m-Endo (7.29) and that tested negative (7.84). Among coliform positive samples, 23.1% (6/26) had coliform isolates with resistance patterns. More than two-thirds of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) isolates were resistant to amikacin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and imipenem. Moreover, 50% of the isolates were resistant to piperacillin-tazobactam. One-third (33.3%) of isolates were resistant to cefoxitin, and fosfomycin, 16.7% were resistant to ciprofloxacin, and nitrofurantoin. Intermediate resistance was shown in 16.7% of the isolates to cefoxitin and ciprofloxacin. The ESBL and carbapenem resistance genes detected in isolates were TEM (66.7%), NDM (33.3%), OXA (25%), blaCTXM (16.7%), and blaCTXM-3 (16.7%). The finding highlighted the level of contamination with AMR coliform in samples collected from tap water and pointed out the importance of managing water safety through identifying the main source of contamination, in addition to maintaining proper water disinfection at healthcare facilities for the patient, staff and environmental safety. 展开更多
关键词 Antimicrobial Resistant Total coliform faecal coliform Free Residual Chlorine Water
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京津市区部分河流及湖泊水质的卫生细菌学调查 被引量:9
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作者 刘双江 刘志培 +1 位作者 杨惠芳 麦继强 《环境科学》 EI CAS CSSCI CSCD 北大核心 1993年第3期86-89,共4页
以粪大肠菌做指标,对京津市区内部分河流及湖泊水质的卫生细菌学状况进行了调查.调查结果表明,河流进入市区后随人口密度的增加,水中粪大肠菌的数量亦有所升高。表明河流已受到一定程度的生活垃圾的污染.京密引水渠的水质较好,其粪大肠... 以粪大肠菌做指标,对京津市区内部分河流及湖泊水质的卫生细菌学状况进行了调查.调查结果表明,河流进入市区后随人口密度的增加,水中粪大肠菌的数量亦有所升高。表明河流已受到一定程度的生活垃圾的污染.京密引水渠的水质较好,其粪大肠菌值在10~2-10~4个/100ml,北护城河水质较差,粪大肠菌值为10~3-10~5个/100ml.天津海河及新开河除个别点样外,粪大肠菌值为10~2-10~3个/100ml.湖泊水质以昆明湖较为清洁,玉渊潭、紫竹院、北海及圆明园水质中粪大肠菌值一般为10~2-10~4个/100ml,但存在着个别取样点粪大肠菌值较高的情况. 展开更多
关键词 粪大肠菌 水质 河流 湖泊 卫生学
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再生水中病原指示微生物的浓度水平研究 被引量:7
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作者 张薛 胡洪营 李梅 《中国给水排水》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第9期26-29,共4页
选取5个采用不同处理工艺的小区生活污水再生处理系统,检测了各小区生活污水和再生水中粪大肠菌、SC噬菌体及F-噬菌体的浓度水平.研究表明,各小区生活污水中病原指示微生物的浓度有较大差异,粪大肠菌、SC噬菌体和F-噬菌体的浓度范围分... 选取5个采用不同处理工艺的小区生活污水再生处理系统,检测了各小区生活污水和再生水中粪大肠菌、SC噬菌体及F-噬菌体的浓度水平.研究表明,各小区生活污水中病原指示微生物的浓度有较大差异,粪大肠菌、SC噬菌体和F-噬菌体的浓度范围分别为(0.01~4)×105CFU/100 mL、67~4 333PFU/100mL和33~67 000 PFU/100mL.污水经过不同工艺处理后,所得再生水仍有大部分不能满足我国的再生水水质要求.在所研究的小区中,有1/2小区的再生水达不到我国再生水城市杂用水水质中规定的粪大肠菌浓度要求;有2/3小区的再生水达不到美国EPA关于再生水处理设备对指示噬菌体的去除率要求. 展开更多
关键词 污水再生回用 病原微生物 SC噬菌体 F-噬菌体 粪大肠菌
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化妆品卫生微生物检验方法探讨 被引量:13
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作者 符晓梅 杭万双 《环境与健康杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2002年第5期397-398,共2页
目的研究金黄色葡萄球菌在化妆品中的存活能力 ,探讨不同检测方法对粪大肠菌群检测的敏感性。方法应用《化妆品卫生规范》规定的检验方法及改进的在乳糖胆盐培养基中加入中和剂的方法分别进行检测。结果化妆品中金黄色葡萄球菌随存放时... 目的研究金黄色葡萄球菌在化妆品中的存活能力 ,探讨不同检测方法对粪大肠菌群检测的敏感性。方法应用《化妆品卫生规范》规定的检验方法及改进的在乳糖胆盐培养基中加入中和剂的方法分别进行检测。结果化妆品中金黄色葡萄球菌随存放时间的延长 ,菌量逐渐减少 ,且在含与不含防腐剂的化妆品间存在差别 ;改进的检测粪大肠菌群的方法比国标法更敏感。结论化妆品中一些成分特别是防腐剂对金黄色葡萄球菌的存活有影响 ,在乳糖胆盐培养基中加入卵磷脂。 展开更多
关键词 化妆品 微生物敏感性试验 金黄色球菌 粪大肠菌群 存活期
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湛江东海岛文蛤模拟加工的细菌学分析 被引量:2
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作者 聂芳红 雷晓凌 +3 位作者 吴红棉 吴晓萍 叶茂 邓火仙 《现代食品科技》 EI CAS 2008年第5期483-486,共4页
用行业标准分别对文蛤原料、清洗并热烫后和冷冻0.5h后等加工工序中文蛤细菌总数、大肠菌群数、粪大肠菌群数、副溶血性弧菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门氏菌进行了检验。结果发现,湛江东海岛近海文蛤原料的细菌总数为(4.0±0.1)×10... 用行业标准分别对文蛤原料、清洗并热烫后和冷冻0.5h后等加工工序中文蛤细菌总数、大肠菌群数、粪大肠菌群数、副溶血性弧菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门氏菌进行了检验。结果发现,湛江东海岛近海文蛤原料的细菌总数为(4.0±0.1)×105cfu/g,清洗并热烫和再冷冻0.5h后对细菌总数的影响不明显。文蛤原料大肠菌群数为(790.7±21.3)MPN/g,清洗并热烫后大肠菌群数明显降低至(19.4±1.3)MPN/g,再冷冻0.5h后大肠菌群数为(18.3±1.1)MPN/g。文蛤原料粪大肠菌群数为(817.5±19.8)MPN/g,清洗并热烫后粪大肠菌群数明显降低至(194.2±10.2)MPN/g,再冷冻0.5h后粪大肠菌群数为(180.6±11.3)MPN/g。文蛤原料、清洗并热烫后和再冷冻0.5h后副溶血性弧菌的检验结果均为<3MPN/g;均未检出凝固酶阳性的金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门氏菌。可见湛江东海岛近海文蛤的细菌污染主要是大肠菌群和粪大肠菌群,经清洗并热烫和再冷冻0.5h处理,能明显降低大肠菌群和粪大肠菌群数量。 展开更多
关键词 文蛤 细菌总数 大肠菌群 粪大肠菌群 副溶血性弧菌
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口服药品控制菌标准的研究 被引量:2
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作者 许华玉 刘鹏 +1 位作者 苏德模 王晔 《药物分析杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 1999年第2期82-84,共3页
目的:以药品的不同卫生指标:大肠杆菌、粪大肠菌群、大肠菌群的检出率进行比较,为口服药品卫生标准的修订提供科学依据。方法:按中国药典和国标《食品卫生检验方法》进行检测。结果:以大肠菌群为卫生指标的检出率远高于大肠杆菌、... 目的:以药品的不同卫生指标:大肠杆菌、粪大肠菌群、大肠菌群的检出率进行比较,为口服药品卫生标准的修订提供科学依据。方法:按中国药典和国标《食品卫生检验方法》进行检测。结果:以大肠菌群为卫生指标的检出率远高于大肠杆菌、粪大肠菌群;而粪大肠菌群的检出率为0。结论:以大肠菌群作为口服药品的控制菌较合理,将使药品有更高的安全性。 展开更多
关键词 药品 大肠杆菌 粪大肠菌群 卫生指标
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冬季三亚湾潮下带贝类粪大肠菌群丰度与关键水质因子分布特征及关系分析
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作者 车志伟 李刚 《广西科学》 CAS 2007年第3期296-298,302,共4页
根据国家海洋局三亚海洋环境监测站2006年冬季对三亚湾潮下带贝类生物粪大肠菌群、水质粪大肠菌群、营养盐(NO2-N、NO3-N、NH4-N、PO4-P)、化学耗氧量(COD)、叶绿素a(Ch l.a)的监测结果,分析三亚湾潮下带贝类粪大肠菌群、水质因子的水... 根据国家海洋局三亚海洋环境监测站2006年冬季对三亚湾潮下带贝类生物粪大肠菌群、水质粪大肠菌群、营养盐(NO2-N、NO3-N、NH4-N、PO4-P)、化学耗氧量(COD)、叶绿素a(Ch l.a)的监测结果,分析三亚湾潮下带贝类粪大肠菌群、水质因子的水平分布特征及贝类粪大肠菌群与水质因子的关系。结果表明:三亚湾贝类粪大肠菌群浓度与水质因子变化趋势基本一致,与水质粪大肠菌群(r=0.968,P=0.0016)、无机磷(r=0.844,P=0.035)、无机氮(r=0.960,P=0.0023)呈显著正相关,与叶绿素a浓度(r=0.366,P=0.475)、化学耗氧量(r=0.394,P=0.440)相关性不显著;三亚湾贝类粪大肠菌群浓度与水质因子主要受三亚河、肖旗河的影响,贝类粪大肠菌群及各种水质因子浓度呈现两侧高,中间低的特征。 展开更多
关键词 贝类 大肠菌群 水质因子 分布 关系
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Optimized Design of a Hybrid Biological Sewage Treatment System for Domestic Wastewater Supply 被引量:1
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作者 Benjamin K. Kogo Elijah K. Biamah Philip K. Langat 《Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection》 2017年第5期14-29,共16页
This study is aimed at evaluating alternative designs of waste stabilization ponds (WSPs) and constructed wetlands (CWs) for Kaputiei Housing Estate consisting of 2000 low cost housing units in Kenya. The entire analy... This study is aimed at evaluating alternative designs of waste stabilization ponds (WSPs) and constructed wetlands (CWs) for Kaputiei Housing Estate consisting of 2000 low cost housing units in Kenya. The entire analysis was carried out by simulating the effectiveness and purification efficiencies of WSPs and CWs in terms of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) reduction and faecal coliform (FC) removal under different scenarios of water treatment systems that included Re-sizing of the initial sewage treatment system, optimizing the design of the initial system and design of hybrid system for the estate. The graphic comparison of the simulated parameters under different scenarios showed that a hybrid design that combines both the WSPs and CWS provides an effluent BOD of 20 mg/l and 195 FC per 100 ml that meets the standard effluent discharge that is acceptable for unrestricted crop irrigation and thus will be reused in the housing estate for kitchen gardening and agroforestry. 展开更多
关键词 Wastewater Waste Stabilization PONDS CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS BOD faecal coliformS Purification
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食品微生物粪大肠菌群计数新旧标准比对分析 被引量:1
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作者 郭盈希 《中国食物与营养》 2014年第7期10-12,共3页
对GB/T 4789.39-2008《食品卫生微生物学检验粪大肠菌群计数》和GB 4789.39-2013《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验粪大肠菌群计数》进行了比对,对标准中修改的中文名称、操作步骤和新增附录等进行了分析和比较,以便于食品生产企业和... 对GB/T 4789.39-2008《食品卫生微生物学检验粪大肠菌群计数》和GB 4789.39-2013《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验粪大肠菌群计数》进行了比对,对标准中修改的中文名称、操作步骤和新增附录等进行了分析和比较,以便于食品生产企业和产品检测部门进一步了解新旧标准差异,并给出应对措施,对企业应对国际贸易技术壁垒和增强自身市场竞争力具有积极的作用。 展开更多
关键词 粪大肠菌群计数 微生物 计数
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Sanitary Hazards and Microbial Quality of Open Dug Wells in the Maldives Islands
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作者 Shivasorupy Barthiban Barry J. Lloyd Mathias Maier 《Journal of Water Resource and Protection》 2012年第7期474-486,共13页
Concern for saline and microbial quality post-December 2004 tsunami, led to a field based surveillance study to systematically investigate the sanitary hazards which cause faecal contamination of groundwater. In seven... Concern for saline and microbial quality post-December 2004 tsunami, led to a field based surveillance study to systematically investigate the sanitary hazards which cause faecal contamination of groundwater. In seven islands, two duplicate sample sets, in two surveys, revealed that only 6.4% of the 173 well water samples (combining both surveys) satisfied the WHO Drinking Water Quality Guideline for 44°C thermo-tolerant (Faecal) Coliform (FC) indicator value (zero cfu/100 ml sample). Based on a combined risk analysis of Sanitary Hazard Score (SHS) and FC counts, more than 57.7% of the study wells were classified as at very high (FC: 100 to >1,000 cfu/100ml;and SHS: ≥ 9) microbial health risk. During this study, fundamental changes were made to the published generic sanitary inspection method (WHO, 1997) for identifying sanitary hazards, for its application in the extremely vulnerable hydro-geological setting of the Maldives. However, the most important hazard controlling the intensity of faecal contamination in the Maldives is the safe separation distance between a latrine seepage point and the well. It was demonstrated that, due to the prevailing hydro-geological conditions and the well and sanitation system densities, safe separation distance cannot be achieved. Consequently, septic tank effluent quality must be greatly improved. 展开更多
关键词 Surveillance of WELLS faecal coliform COUNTS Sanitary Survey Sanitary Hazard Score
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Applicability of a Surveillance Methodology for the Microbiological Safety of Well Water Supplies, in a Highly Vulnerable Hydrogeological Setting——A Case Study Based Findings from the West Coastal Area of Sri Lanka
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作者 Shivasorupy Barthiban Barry John Lloyd Matthias Maier 《Journal of Water Resource and Protection》 2012年第11期899-912,共14页
A well surveillance study carried out in nine Divisional Secretariat Divisions on the west coast of Sri Lanka showed that 70.3% of 101 well sampling points were microbially contaminated with equal to, or greater than,... A well surveillance study carried out in nine Divisional Secretariat Divisions on the west coast of Sri Lanka showed that 70.3% of 101 well sampling points were microbially contaminated with equal to, or greater than, faecal coliform grade C (11 - 100 cfu/100 mL). Due to the very vulnerable hydro-geological setting of the coastal sand, laterite and alluvium aquifers occurring in the study areas, the recommended safe separation distance between an on-site sanitation system and a well could not be achieved. Hence, a cardinal rule of well protection was observed to be broken at almost every well study site. The existing excreta disposal systems need to be improved or replaced with more efficient ones before the impact of other sanitary hazards at the well, and wellhead area, on the microbial quality of well water, can be determined and addressed. The published (WHO, 1997) sanitary survey forms for open dug wells and tube wells need to be modified in the context of the study areas described. Based on a comparison of three different statistical methods used to assess the relative significance of each sanitary hazard modification to the methodology for determining the sanitary hazard index (SHI) was prescribed. 展开更多
关键词 SURVEILLANCE of WELLS faecal coliform COUNTS Sanitary Survey Sanitary Hazard Score
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Microbial Contamination in Vegetables at the Farm Gate Due to Irrigation with Wastewater in the Tamale Metropolis of Northern Ghana
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作者 Samuel Jerry Cobbina Mohammed Clement Kotochi +1 位作者 Joseph Kudadam Korese Mark Osa Akrong 《Journal of Environmental Protection》 2013年第7期676-682,共7页
The rational for this study was to assess the microbial quality of fresh vegetables at the farm gate of the Water Works road vegetable farm at Gumbihini in the Tamale Metropolis. A total of thirty-six (36) vegetables ... The rational for this study was to assess the microbial quality of fresh vegetables at the farm gate of the Water Works road vegetable farm at Gumbihini in the Tamale Metropolis. A total of thirty-six (36) vegetables comprising lettuce, amarantus and cabbages and eight (8) wastewater samples were collected at random and analysed for a period of four months, to assess the microbial contamination level. Samples were analysed for total coliforms, faecal coliforms, E. coli and helminthes eggs. All vegetables sampled during the study period recorded high levels of total and faecal coliform bacteria. Mean faecal coliforms for the various vegetables were as follows;lettuce 3.7 ± 0.5 CFU.g-1, amarantus 3.5 ± 0.6 CFU.g-1 and cabbage 3.1 ± 0.6 log CFU.g-1 fresh weight. FC levels were above the International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods (ICMSF) recommended level of 3 log CFU.g-1 fresh weight. E. coli were recorded in lettuce (3.3 ± 0.6 log CFU.g-1 fresh weight) and amarantus (0.6 ± 0.1 log CFU.g-1 fresh weight) but not in cabbages. Lettuce generally recorded high levels of microbial contamination because of the large surface area occupied by its leaves. Two helminth eggs (Strongiloides stercoralis) were identified in lettuce while four (Ascaris lumbricoides) were identified in wastewater. Microbial loads recorded in wastewater were generally higher than that of vegetables. Since most of these vegetables are eaten fresh or slightly cooked, there is course for concern as public health will be adversely affected. Education of farmers and consumers on food safety has to be intensified to avert a possible outbreak. 展开更多
关键词 Helminthes faecal coliform IRRIGATION Water VEGETABLES E. COLI
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Assessment of Ground Water Quality in Baba I Village, North-West Cameroon
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作者 Nchofua Festus Biosengazeh Nelson Alakeh Mofor +1 位作者 Njoyim Estella Buleng Tamungang Antoine David Mvondo-Ze 《Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection》 2020年第4期87-104,共18页
This study investigated the quality of ground water in Baba I, North-West Cameroon, in order to determine its suitability for domestic uses following World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines. Inhabitants of this loc... This study investigated the quality of ground water in Baba I, North-West Cameroon, in order to determine its suitability for domestic uses following World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines. Inhabitants of this locality consume water from these sources without any prior treatment which can lead to health problems if the water sources are contaminated. Six water sources were sampled in November 2017, January, April and July 2018 and examined for organoleptic, physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters using standard methods. Results of organoleptic and physical parameters showed that most of the sources were within the WHO acceptable limits with pH varying from moderately acidic to weakly basic. Chemical properties revealed that all the analysed ions were found within the WHO guidelines and the water sources ranged from soft (hardness +, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NO3-? and NH4+??(p Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Streptococcus, Salmonella and Shigella spp, were identified in all the sampled waters, suggesting recent contamination of the sources by human or animal faeces. The sources were unfit for domestic uses and thus, exposed the local population to water borne diseases such as typhoid, diarrhoea and dysentery. Hence, home treatment methods such as chlorination, filtration, boiling and solar disinfection should be implemented prior to consumption. 展开更多
关键词 Ground WATER WATER Sources PHYSICO-CHEMICAL Properties faecal coliformS WATER Borne Diseases
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宁波市售水产品微生物指标监测结果分析 被引量:5
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作者 陆璐 张立军 +2 位作者 戎江瑞 吴富强 林棣 《中国卫生检验杂志》 北大核心 2013年第5期1258-1261,共4页
目的:了解宁波市城区市场鲜活水产品的微生物卫生品质指标,探讨其与食源性腹泻疾病发病之间的关系。方法:每月对市场鲜活水产品采样检测总微生物指标和常见致病菌,并且利用辖区疾病预防控制中心食源性腹泻病例报告数据进行年度同步统计... 目的:了解宁波市城区市场鲜活水产品的微生物卫生品质指标,探讨其与食源性腹泻疾病发病之间的关系。方法:每月对市场鲜活水产品采样检测总微生物指标和常见致病菌,并且利用辖区疾病预防控制中心食源性腹泻病例报告数据进行年度同步统计分析。结果:粪大肠菌群和副溶血性弧菌与同期食源性腹泻的病例数呈正相关;变形杆菌检出率10月-11月份达到最高11.9%;河虾、河蟹中粪大肠菌群最高,海产品中副溶血性弧菌较高。结论:适温条件下自身微生物繁殖和冷冻储存时细菌污染是引起宁波市售水产品微生物品质变化主要原因,同时食源性腹泻疾病发病与粪大肠菌群和副溶血性弧菌密切相关。 展开更多
关键词 市场鲜活水产品 粪大肠菌群 副溶血性弧菌 变形杆菌
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Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Growth of Wheat Cultivated in Soil Amended with Digestate from Biogas Production
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作者 Liliana PAMPILLON-GONZALEZ Marco LUNA-GUIDO +5 位作者 Victor Manuel RUIZ-VALDIVIEZO Olivia FRANCO-HERNANDEZ Fabign FERNANDEZ-LUQUENO Oetavio PAREDES-LOPEZ Gerardo HERNANDEZ Luc DENDOOVEN 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第2期318-327,共10页
Digestate, the product obtained after anaerobic digestion of organic waste for biogas production, is rich in plant nutrients and might be used to fertilize crops. Wheat (Triticum spp. L.) was fertilized with digesta... Digestate, the product obtained after anaerobic digestion of organic waste for biogas production, is rich in plant nutrients and might be used to fertilize crops. Wheat (Triticum spp. L.) was fertilized with digestate, urea, or left unfertilized and cultivated in the greenhouse for 120 d. Emissions of greenhouse gasses (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N20)) were monitored and plant growth characteristics were determined at harvest. The digestate was characterized for heavy metals, pathogens, and C and N mineralization potential in an aerobic incubation experiment. No Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., or viable eggs of helminths were detected in the digested pig slurry, but the number of faecal coliforms was as high as 3.6 ~ 104 colony-forming units (CFU) g-1 dry digestate. The concentrations of heavy metals did not surpass the upper limits established by US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). After 28 d, 17% of the organic C (436 g kg-1 dry digestate) and 8% of the organic N (6.92 g kg-1 dry digestate) were mineralized. Emissions of CO2 and CH4 were not significantly affected by fertilization in the wheat-cultivated soil, but digestate significantly increased the cumulative N20 emission by 5 times compared to the urea-amended soil and 63 times compared to the uncultivated unfertilized soil. It could be concluded that digestate was nutrient rich and low in heavy metals and pathogens, and did not affect emissions of CH4 and CO2 when applied to a soil cultivated with wheat, but increased emission of N20. Key Words: biodigester, C and N mineralization potential, faecal coliform, heavy metal, pathogen, pig slurry 展开更多
关键词 biodigester C and N mineralization potential faecal coliform heavy metal PATHOGEN pig slurry
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再生水紫外线/二氧化氯联合消毒效果试验研究 被引量:3
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作者 刘喜坤 王晓 +3 位作者 陈红娟 梁峙 张双圣 李后森 《环境工程》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2017年第5期40-43,共4页
紫外线及二氧化氯作为绿色消毒技术的代表,被越来越多地研究和使用,ClO_2消毒能够弥补UV不能提供持续消毒能力的不足,UV消毒作为ClO_2消毒的预处理工艺,能够降低后续消毒工艺的微生物负荷。通过试验对联合消毒效果进行了研究。试验表明... 紫外线及二氧化氯作为绿色消毒技术的代表,被越来越多地研究和使用,ClO_2消毒能够弥补UV不能提供持续消毒能力的不足,UV消毒作为ClO_2消毒的预处理工艺,能够降低后续消毒工艺的微生物负荷。通过试验对联合消毒效果进行了研究。试验表明,在试验水质条件下,当紫外线剂量为60 m J/cm^2,二氧化氯投加量2 mg/L,反应时间15min时即可达到较好的消毒效果且成本较低,消毒后粪大肠菌在48 h内几乎不发生光复活。 展开更多
关键词 再生水 紫外线 二氧化氯 粪大肠菌
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底泥运动影响水体病原微生物输移特性的理论分析 被引量:1
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作者 江磊 朱德军 陈永灿 《水力发电学报》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2017年第2期59-65,共7页
受病原微生物污染的水体会严重威胁公众健康,病原微生物污染一般通过粪便指示菌(Faecal Indicator Bacteria,FIB)来衡量,粪大肠菌群(Faecal Coliforms,FC)即为国内外普遍采用的FIB。底泥是水体FC的重要蓄积库和污染源,底泥发生悬浮沉降... 受病原微生物污染的水体会严重威胁公众健康,病原微生物污染一般通过粪便指示菌(Faecal Indicator Bacteria,FIB)来衡量,粪大肠菌群(Faecal Coliforms,FC)即为国内外普遍采用的FIB。底泥是水体FC的重要蓄积库和污染源,底泥发生悬浮沉降时,泥沙浓度变化会导致FC在悬浮泥沙表面吸附特性的变化。但目前泥沙浓度影响吸附的规律尚不明确,这不仅阻碍了吸附机理的深入认识,而且也影响了微生物水质模拟预测精度的提高。本文采用试验研究及理论分析相结合的方法,首先通过试验研究了泥沙浓度对分配特性的影响规律,其次建立了水体FC迁移转化的数学模型并推导了简化条件下的理论解,最后结合试验结果和理论解分析了底泥悬浮沉降过程中分配特性、底泥FC含量及底泥界面FC运动强度对水体FC输移特性的影响。结果表明水体悬浮泥沙吸附FC可采用线性分配模型描述;分配特性变化会导致水体FC输移特性的明显变化;底泥FC含量增大,水体FC含量明显增大;底泥界面FC运动强度增大,水体FC含量亦明显增大,且底泥FC含量较底泥界面FC运动强度对水体FC输移特性的影响更为明显。 展开更多
关键词 泥沙浓度 分配系数 分配比例 粪大肠菌群 迁移转化
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