Empirical Research on the Credit Demand and Credit Behavior of Small and Micro Enterprises

This article uses discriminant sampling method to select 1062 small and micro enterprises from 25 provinces in China. Researches were conducted on their credit demand and credit behavior, with the Probit model to carry out metrologic tests on influential factors of these enterprises' credit demand and credit behavior.The metrologic analysis shows: Literacy level of leader, asset size, annual revenue of the enterprises have significantly positive effects on the credit demand of these small and micro enterprises. Annual revenue has significantly negative influence on overall credit behavior and the occurrence of informal financial behavior, but significantly positive influence on the occurrence of formal financial behavior. Literacy level of staff and asset size of enterprises have significantly positive influence on the occurrence of the overall credit behavior of small and micro enterprises.

Measuring the Degree of Innovation in Retail and Services Micro and Small Enterprises

Micro and small enterprises （MSEs） are considered the most dynamic and flexible arrangement of activity. In the economy, the foundation and development of these features is important for the creation of the so-called ＂normal＂ economic environment. The main objective of this research is to present a research model of innovation in MSEs to analyse： first, the degree of innovation of MSEs, and second, how the innovation is handled by existing MSEs as a result of its business environment. The research made is based on a sample of 550 MSEs distributed over six cities across the Brazilian State of Piaui. The data were collected using the Innovation Radar application, which is owned by the SEBRAE Local Innovation Agents program. Statistical techniques of descriptive, exploratory, and inferential nature were used for corresponding data treatment and results validation. The results obtained suggest that MSEs have innovation capacity between the ＂Little Innovative＂ and ＂Occasional Innovative＂ range, and also that the average and the distribution of innovation levels are similar amongst MSEs analyzed.

Countermeasures of Financing Difficulties of Small and Micro Enterprises in China

Financing difficult problem has seriously restricted the further development of small and micro enterprises in our country. This paper analyzes and discusses the Countermeasures of the financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises in our country from two aspects of the external environment and internal self.

Research on the Influence Degree and Effect of Support on Innovation Incentives for R&D Personnel in Micro and Small Enterprises:An Empirical Study based on the China Micro and Small Enterprise Survey(CMES)

In this study,the influence degree and effect of support on innovation incentives for research and development(R&D)personnel in micro and small enterprises(MSEs)were explored based on the CMES data.We found that government support will increase the R&D wage and widen the gap between R&D wage and staff wage,especially for small,non-high-tech enterprises with strict financing constraints.Furthermore,taking the wage gap as a mediator,we concluded that support would widen the wage gap and increase management innovation rather than technological innovation in MSEs because the wage premium of R&D personnel is the main driver for the increase of management innovation.The findings of this study provide useful enlightenment for China to implement an innovation-driven strategy and build an innovative country.

Financing of small and micro enterprises based on P2B net loan mode

Small and micro enterprises play an extremely important role in the realization of employment, independent innovation,increasing taxes and so on, It is an important part of national economic development in China. Although the government has introduced a series of supportive policies, but small and micro enterprises arc still faced with many development problems, small and micro enterprises face an important problem is financing difficulty, which relates to its health, sustainable and stable development. This paper analyzes the financing problem of small and micro enterprises from the new net loan mode of P2B, hoping to benefit the development of small and micro enterprises.

A Study on Improving the Financing Environment of Small and Micro Enterprises-Based on Taizhou Model

China’s small and micro enterprises have always had the typical characteristics of“five,six,seven,eight,nine,”which are important supports to expand employment and improve people’s livelihood.However,the current proportion of these enterprises in obtaining bank loans does not commensurate with the proportion of small,medium,and micro enterprises in the total economic aggregate.The financing dilemma of small and micro enterprises still exists.In consideration of the financing status of small and micro enterprises,this study analyzes the constraints of small and micro enterprises in financing,such as the difficulty in mortgage,difficulty in obtaining loans,and difficulty in guaranteeing.This study sorts out Taizhou’s practical experience and links its operation mechanism of“two platforms,one fund,and one index.”Finally,by learning from its successful experience,how to utilize the environment and the trend of big data will be further discussed,so as to form a scalable and sustainable financing method and path.This will provide a reference for improving the financing environment of small and micro enterprises.

The Importance of Cultural Intelligence for Leader to Communicate Effectively: Case Study in Micro Small Medium Enterprises

Micro Small Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia play huge part of national economic development because MSMEs can reduce unemployment rate. But, it is not easy to manage MSMEs well so it can be sustainable. There are some reasons why MSMEs are difficult to sustain, i.e., good management people by communicate effectively. Authors believe that one of important ability that owners, as a leader, must have in order to communicate effectively is cultural intelligence. Even in MSMEs, cultural intelligence plays important part because employees in MSMEs are diverse. They come from different region (mean having different tradition) and have different level of education. Methodology that is used in this article is qualitative method, and techniques of data collection are interview and observation. Technique of choosing informant is purposive and convenience while data analysis is using content analysis. The result of this study shows that leaders in MSMEs already have cultural intelligence to communicate with their employee. Leaders who have cultural intelligence can choose right method to communicate effectively with their employee.

Attitude control for part actuator failure of agile small satellite

The stability and singularity problem of agile small satellite （ASS） with actuator failure is discussed in this paper. Firstly, the three-axis stabilized controller of an ASS is designed, where micro control moment gyros （MCMG＇s） in pyramid configuration （PC） is used as the actuator. By using the same controller and steering law, the control results before and after one gyro fails are compared by simulation. The variation of singular momentum envelope before and after one gyro fails is also compared. The simulation results show that the failure intensively decreases the capacity of output torque, which leads to the emergence of more singular points and the rapid saturation of MCMG＇s. Finally, the parameters of system controller are changed to compare the control effect.

民营小微外贸企业数字化转型升级的内在逻辑和实现途径——以社交媒体赋能促进新质生产力形成视角

企业规模门槛效应阻碍了小微企业数字化转型升级中新质生产力的形成,尤其是民营小微外贸企业受规模限制普遍对数字化转型升级抱有“用不起、不会用、不愿用”的消极态度。近年来,国外消费者通过社交媒体进行购物的新消费模式正在形成。社交媒体具有低成本、高覆盖和精准定位的特点,易于改造成为跨境信息传播、营销推广的重要平台,为民营小微外贸企业数字化转型升级带来了新视野,提供了新机遇。本文针对民营小微外贸企业“两大、四缺乏”的现状,揭示了数字化转型升级带来的“四升一降”效应,并提出利用信息获取与反馈、市场拓展与推广、跨境交流与合作等机制,企业通过建立专业化团队、制定清晰策略、优化线上渠道、加强客户沟通等路径,创新出“社交媒体数字营销+小微外贸企业生产”深度融合的外贸新模式,培育新质生产力,促进传统产业转型升级和高质量发展。

数字政府建设促进小微企业创业了吗?——来自浙江省中小企业公共服务平台的证据

数字政府建设是优化营商环境、激发市场活力的重要手段,在促进中小企业创业中发挥重要作用。政府数字化企业服务平台是应用最广的数字政府建设载体之一。本文以浙江省中小企业公共服务平台建成运营为准自然实验,结合浙江省小微企业注册数据,对数字政府建设的创业促进效应进行实证估计。结果发现,通过提供市场信息和匹配服务需求,浙江省中小企业公共服务平台建设降低了市场进入壁垒,促进了小微企业创业,且该创业促进效应在创业环境差的地区更显著。

减税激励、企业投资与资本配置效率——来自小微企业的证据

小微企业是我国社会主义市场经济的重要参与主体,在促进经济发展、改善民生、增加就业等方面具有不可替代的作用。本文基于2010—2018年全国税收调查数据,采用双重差分方法,检验了企业所得税减半征收政策对小微企业投资行为的影响。研究表明,所得税减半征收通过增强小微企业的“投资动机”和“投资能力”促进企业固定资产投资的增加,并且所得税减半征收政策对非制造业、未享受政府补助企业和融资约束较强的小微企业投资的促进作用更为明显。进一步分析表明,所得税减半征收政策提升了小微企业的资本配置效率,增强了小微企业吸纳就业的能力,但并未增强小微企业的研发创新能力。总体而言,本文肯定了所得税减半征收政策对小微企业的积极影响,为完善小微企业税收优惠政策、推动经济社会高质量发展提供了有益参考。

我国小微企业融资问题与对策探究

历经四十多年的改革发展,我国公有制经济获得战果的同时,非公有制经济发展水平也明显提高,发展最快的当属小微企业。小微企业的优势是其具有灵活性,它可以依靠此优势调整运营机制,在维护市场竞争、提升就业率、改善和保障民生等方面发挥了作用。但是,小微企业整体实力弱、融资渠道少、融资成本高、融资环境差等问题一直阻碍它的发展。文章根据这种情况,主要针对目前中国小微企业融资现状进行分析,提出拓宽小微企业融资渠道、改善小微企业融资环境等对策。

金融支持白城市小微企业发展存在问题分析及对策研究

为推进白城市实体经济高质量发展,本文以白城市银行机构和小微企业为研究对象,深度挖掘白城市金融支持小微企业发展的融资难融资贵等问题,并对白城市100家小微企业开展问卷调查,根据调研结果,围绕如何提升金融服务质效,构建现代金融服务体系等方面内容,提出政策建议。

中小企业发展的双重扭曲

中小企业高质量发展是经济发展的重要内容,支持中小企业发展需要有清晰的理论指导。在市场交易中,中小企业面临市场势力较弱、信息不对称更严重、更强的创新外部性、更弱的风险承受力和对公共品依赖性更高的典型问题,这些问题导致了市场失灵和经济扭曲。这是需要政府在公共品供给、知识产权保护、市场势力规制、优化营商环境和市场环境等方面发挥作用的重要原因。中小企业政策的制定和实施又会受到政府信息弱势和执行能力的限制,给中小企业发展造成新的困难和扭曲。因而,基于此“双重扭曲”的理论框架,梳理中小企业发展中的市场作用、政府作用以及二者之间的关系至关重要。根据分析,在处理中小企业发展问题上,要以市场的深化发展应对市场失灵,并解决政策执行中的信息和激励问题,动态平衡好政府和市场的关系。

共享制造平台生态系统数字化赋能小微企业的路径

本文采用多案例研究法分析工业互联网平台发展过程中的行为事件,探索共享制造平台生态系统数字化赋能小微企业的内容与路径。研究结果表明,共享制造平台聚集先进制造资源提供企业、小微制造企业和价值互补企业,构建共享制造平台生态系统,通过集聚先进制造资源,利用数字化手段赋能小微企业建立数字化基础设施,为小微企业提供低成本的先进制造资源共享服务、智能生产服务、数字化运营服务和供应链金融服务,赋能小微企业创建个性化定制生产模式、网络协同制造模式、制造业服务化延伸模式和智能化生产模式,有效降低小微企业获取先进制造资源的成本与运营成本,提高小微企业的生产效率和产品质量,促进平台生态系统内企业之间的协同创新,提高小微企业的数字制造能力和市场竞争力。

社会资本对小微企业融资的影响——基于CMES的实证研究

小微企业融资难、融资贵的问题由来已久。文章根据中国小微企业调查(CMES)的数据,实证检验了社会资本对小微企业正式融资和非正式融资的影响。结果表明:社会资本能显著提高企业正式融资效率,其中认知维度的社会资本对企业非正式融资具有较大影响,为此分别从小微企业和政府两个方面提出提高企业融资效率的建议。

货币政策和小微企业“融资难”——基于央行担保品渠道的实证

为缓解小微企业融资难,央行对中期借贷便利(MLF)担保品进行了扩容。利用MLF担保品扩容这一准自然实验,收集并匹配了银行间债券市场和新三板市场的小微企业数据,使用双重机器学习方法扩展现有三重差分模型,研究MLF担保品扩容对缓解小微企业融资难的效果。研究发现,央行对MLF担保品扩容显著缓解了符合条件的小微企业融资难问题,提高了小微企业信贷的可获得性;MLF担保品扩容对高科技型企业的效果优于非高科技型企业。

政策感知、创新态度与小微企业经营者创新行为的关系——以旅游经营者为例

创新是小微企业生存和发展的力量源泉。政府发布了一系列政策促进小微企业创新,但仍存在政策失效的情况,其内在机制亟待解释。从政策研究的微观视角出发,以旅游经营者为例,基于政策接受模型和价值态度行为模型,探讨小微企业经营者政策感知与其创新行为间的关系,以创新态度为中介变量,引入政策信任和创新自我效能感为调节变量并进行实证分析。结果表明:旅游经营者的政策感知正向影响其创新行为,创新态度在其中具有部分中介作用;旅游经营者的政策信任正向调节其政策感知和创新行为的关系;旅游经营者的创新自我效能感正向调节其政策感知与创新行为、创新态度与创新行为间的关系。研究阐释了政策感知和小微企业经营者创新行为之间的内在机制,为政策制定和有效落地提供理论依据。

征信服务平台奖惩机制下小微企业融资三方演化博弈及仿真分析

当前,我国小微企业融资主要以抵押贷款为主。在信用经济的背景下,如何发挥小微企业信用价值,进而以“信用”换贷款是解决小微企业融资难的关键。通过构建“小微企业—商业银行—征信服务平台”的三方演化博弈模型,探究征信服务平台能否改变小微企业融资形势,从而为激发民营经济更多活力提供政策支持。研究结果表明:征信服务平台通过建立合理的奖惩机制,满足对小微企业的奖惩之和大于贷款本金的条件,才能保证演化稳定市场环境下的小微企业获得高效融资。基于此,利用Matlab2022b进行仿真分析,提出相应的政策建议,具体包括:一是建设全国统一的征信服务平台;二是建立守信联合激励和失信联合惩戒长效机制;三是推出多种类、有特色的小额信用贷款产品。