A FAMILY OF MODAL METHODS FOR COMPUTING EIGENVECTOR DERIVATIVES WITH REPEATED ROOTS

A family of modal methods for computing eigenvector derivatives with repeated roots are directly derived from the constraint generalized inverse technique which is originally formulated by Wang and Hu. Extensions are made to Akgun's method to allow treatment of eigensensitivity with repeated roots for general nondefective systems, and Bernard and Bronowicki's modal expansion approach is expanded to a family of modal methods.

Determination of Level of Knowledge on Modern Methods of Family Planning among Women of Reproductive Age (18 - 49 Years) at Mathare North Health Center in Nairobi County, Kenya

Introduction: Modern family planning methods (MFPM) prevent unwanted pregnancies, reduce fertility rate, and increase the interval between pregnancies. They prevent pregnancy by preventing fertilization or implantation of the fertilized ovum. MFPM include tubal ligation (TL), vasectomy, oral contraceptive pills, the intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD), depot injections, sub-dermal implants, and male and female condoms. Objective: To determine the level of knowledge of modern family planning methods (MFPM) among women of reproductive age (18 - 49 years) at the Mathari North Health Center in Nairobi County, Kenya. Methods: The study conducted among women of reproductive age at Mathare North Health Center in Nairobi was a cross-sectional descriptive survey between March 2016 and November 2018. It provided both qualitative and quantitative data. The sample size comprised of 274 women of reproductive age, i.e. (18 - 49 years) attending antenatal and postnatal clinics at the facility. Those excluded were women below 18 years of age, as they could not give consent according to Kenyan Laws. The data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire, which consisted of socio-demographic and characteristics, knowledge of modern family planning methods and distance from the facility. Likert scale was used to ensure that data was tabulated on daily basis and subjected to statistical manipulation using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: The four leading MFPM in use in order of acceptability were injectables, implants, intrauterine contraceptive device and pills in that order. 91% of respondents were aware or had heard about modern family planning methods. Level of education of mother and father were the two variables that influenced the uptake of MFPM with p-values of 0.0260 and 0.025, respectively. The study further found that knowledge of MFPM had a significant influence on their assimilation and utilization. All secondary variables considered in the research exhibit a substantial relationship concerning the use of MFPM. Conclusion: Communities around Mathari North Health Center need to be given information;education and counselling on MFPM to enable them make an informed decision and choice on their preferred method of family planning.

ON THE INVARIANT FOR A FAMILY OF DEFORMED HALLEY METHODS

In this paper, an invariant determined by a function used to guarantee the convergence of all members with l ≤ k in the family of deformed Halley iterative methods for solving nonlinear equation in complex field is given. Results include some known ones as this special cases. We get not only the error estimates of the iterative sequences {zn,l} but also those of f(zn,l) for all l ≤ k.

地铁车辆的品牌家族化设计研究

目前国内地铁车辆设计多以运行城市地域文化为造型基础,忽视地铁制造企业的家族化设计特征,此类情形,对企业的品牌塑造十分不利。在总结品牌家族化的三个特征后详细对比国内生产制备地铁车辆企业的造型与设计思路,提出将产品族设计DNA的层级结构方法运用到中车集团地铁车辆品牌家族化设计中,总结地铁品牌家族化的设计思路与意义。