This study analyzed information gathered from 200 date palm households in the mountainous Panjgur District of Balochistan in Pakistan with the aim of determining date farmers' access to and satisfaction with agricult...This study analyzed information gathered from 200 date palm households in the mountainous Panjgur District of Balochistan in Pakistan with the aim of determining date farmers' access to and satisfaction with agricultural extension services. Information was collected through a structured questionnaire survey, group discussions and semi- structured personal interviews. The findings of the analysis revealed very poor access to extension services. The results of logistic regression analysis identified five variables out of six which significantly influence date farmers' access to extension services: household bead's age, household bead's literacy, number of date palm trees owned, mostly inherited date palm trees, and percentage of dead date palm trees. The overwhelming majority of farmers were dissatisfied with all three main types of extension services being provided by public extension officials. Explanations for this as well as for associations between access to extension services and the six independent variables are provided. Important policy conclusions are drawn based on the findings.展开更多
Farmers' compensation for land acquisition is not only critical to increasing their income and to playing a pivotal role in maintaining rural stability,but also to the promotion of sustainable land use.Based on an...Farmers' compensation for land acquisition is not only critical to increasing their income and to playing a pivotal role in maintaining rural stability,but also to the promotion of sustainable land use.Based on analysis of Chinese land acquisition policy under the Land Management Law,which provides principles or guidelines for determining compensation according to agricultural land use in regard to farmers' previous quality of life,the Life Satisfaction Approach is introduced in this article to evaluate farmers' compensation for land acquisition.Employing data from a questionnaire survey on 346 farming households in Wuhan Suburbs,this article examined the influence of farmland on farmers' life satisfaction and evaluated the level of compensation for land acquisition.Results show that farmland has a significantly positive impact on life satisfaction,which fell by 0.033 on a five-point scale following a reduction farmland by of 1 mu.Respondents were willing to accept approximately RMB 3066.44 annual household income for the loss of 1 mu farmland;the level of compensation after discounting by 6.2%is RMB 750,000 per hectare.It was found in a further comparative study that the level of farmers' compensation for land acquisition is decidedly low,and it was also shown that their compensation standards,as well as the actual compensation,could be substantially improved by expanding economic compensation to non-economic compensation to embody farmland multifunction in terms of production and non-production against farmers' previous quality of life.This article proposes a compensation model that enriches the content of land acquisition compensation,extends the current literature on measuring compensation,and provides economic theory bases for increasing compensation standards and improving policies related to land acquisition.We consider that if this compensation model is applied,it could raise the cost of land acquisition and improve usage of land,reduce the speed of rural-urban land conversion,and improve farmers' well-being.展开更多
In view of the present situation of measuring a green residence just by energy saving and environmental protection,we propose that we should build the rural residence more from the farmer's view and set up an eval...In view of the present situation of measuring a green residence just by energy saving and environmental protection,we propose that we should build the rural residence more from the farmer's view and set up an evaluation system based on farmers satisfaction.A total of 16 factors affecting the farmers' satisfaction degree of green energy saving rebuilding of rural residence are selected.Questionnaire survey on 110 peasant households is carried out under different situations in Guanzhong region in Shaanxi Province,so as to obtain the importance score of evaluation index.During constructing the evaluation system for farmers' satisfaction degree,Factor Analysis Method is used to classify the related influencing factors.Subjective analysis of Analytic Hierarchy Process and the objective analysis of Factor Analysis Method are combined together to determine the weights of factors at different grades.Then,the final evaluation model is obtained,which provides guidance for the further green energy saving rebuilding of rural residence in China.展开更多
According to actual features of public goods for disaster reduction in agriculture,an evaluation indicator system of farmers' satisfaction with the supply of public goods for disaster reduction in agriculture comp...According to actual features of public goods for disaster reduction in agriculture,an evaluation indicator system of farmers' satisfaction with the supply of public goods for disaster reduction in agriculture composed of five first-grade indicators containing 18 second-grade indicators was established firstly,and then a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of farmers' satisfaction was set up. Finally,farmers' satisfaction with the supply of public goods for disaster reduction in agriculture in two counties and one district of Hubei Province was evaluated by the model. The results show that farmers are satisfied with the supply of public goods for disaster reduction in agriculture on the whole,but farmers' satisfaction with openness about funds for disaster reduction,supply structure of public goods,work attitude and work efficiency is at a general level. Some suggestions about the four aspects were proposed,such as improving supervisory mechanisms to increase funding transparency,making information channels unblocked to improve the supply efficiency of public goods for disaster reduction,and improving the quality of government workers to increase their work efficiency.展开更多
Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). Reports show continued patient satisfaction after surgery despite not maintaining clinical imp...Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). Reports show continued patient satisfaction after surgery despite not maintaining clinical improvement as measured by evolution scales. Objectives: The present study sought to explore expectations and level of satisfaction in patients after DBS surgery with a semi-structured questionnaire and subsequent correlation with functional scales, Quality of Life (QoL), and motor and non-motor symptoms. Methods: We performed descriptive statistics to represent demographic data, Wilcoxon rank tests to determine significant differences, and Spearman correlation between the applied scales. Results: We evaluated 20 patients with a history of DBS surgery. 45% were female, with a mean age of 55.7 ± 14.15 years, a mean disease duration of 13.42 ± 8.3 years, and a mean time after surgery of 3.18 ± 1.86 years. Patients reported surgery meeting expectations in 85.5% and continued satisfaction in 92%. These two variables showed a significant correlation. Conclusions: This sample of patients remained satisfied after DBS surgery, although we found no differences in motor and non-motor clinimetric scales. Further studies are needed to confirm the importance of assessing quality of life in patients with DBS.展开更多
Based on fully understanding the significance of farmer training,this paper builds the evaluation index system for farmer training satisfaction level. Then this paper employs the field survey data about Yichang and Ji...Based on fully understanding the significance of farmer training,this paper builds the evaluation index system for farmer training satisfaction level. Then this paper employs the field survey data about Yichang and Jingzhou in Hubei Province to evaluate the farmer training satisfaction level in Hubei Province. Results show that farmers have high level of satisfaction on agricultural training in Hubei Province,and the average satisfaction level reaches 0. 8556; there are regional differences in the farmer training satisfaction level in Hubei Province; the index weight is not entirely directly proportional to the training satisfaction level in the evaluation index system. Finally,from training courses,training teachers,training organization and follow-up services,this paper brings forward the recommendations for improving farmer training satisfaction level in Hubei Province,improve farmer training system,further improve the effectiveness of training and promote farmers' quality.展开更多
The growth of farmer's incomes is cIoseIy reIated to rural finance. The research analyzed the dynamic reIationship of rural financial deveIopment, efficiency and farmer's incomes based on VAR modeI, and the resuIts ...The growth of farmer's incomes is cIoseIy reIated to rural finance. The research analyzed the dynamic reIationship of rural financial deveIopment, efficiency and farmer's incomes based on VAR modeI, and the resuIts indicated that the ex-pansion of rural finance wouId stimuIate farmer's incomes in a Iong term, and the growth of rural financial efficiency significantIy improves farmer's incomes in a short term, instead of a Iong term. Hence, it is necessary to introduce more credit funds and social funds to rural areas, deepen rural financial system reform and acceIerate use rate of Ioan capital and enhance guidance for farmers and township enterprises in use of Ioan capitals.展开更多
After analysis of location feature of the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River and its construction of urban and rural integration,the paper pointed out harmonious combination between natural and artificial factors...After analysis of location feature of the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River and its construction of urban and rural integration,the paper pointed out harmonious combination between natural and artificial factors had been neglected in planning and design of farmers' residential area at the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River,"regional characteristic" losing,residential area in the form of "city community" and buildings in European style.In view of these problems,relevant planning and design thoughts and methods had been proposed as to how to create "regional characteristic" from the perspective of planning,architecture and landscape design.It discussed with emphasis the importance of construction base type and combination of environment with residential area construction;inspirations and design methods obtained from traditional architectures;and the content of landscape overall planning and specific design.It was hoped to enlighten designers to shoulder social and historical responsibility,make exploration unremittingly,and construct beautiful homelands for people.展开更多
The phenomenon of Cenozoic migrant worker shortage is a realism problem of China's enterprise, and Cenozoic migrant worker has become an important force occupied the social structure. So the study of Cenozoic migr...The phenomenon of Cenozoic migrant worker shortage is a realism problem of China's enterprise, and Cenozoic migrant worker has become an important force occupied the social structure. So the study of Cenozoic migrant worker's status and the demand is imperative. Understand employees' both psychological and physiological satisfaction of enterprises' environmental factors, and make some corresponding changes is of great help to reduce the employee turnover rate. This paper commenced to research from the Cenozoic migrant worker 's characteristics, analyzed conditions and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures.展开更多
The aim of the article is to determine the extent to which customer satisfaction's in the e-banking in Semnan area had organizational and customer readiness for developing their services. One of the most important se...The aim of the article is to determine the extent to which customer satisfaction's in the e-banking in Semnan area had organizational and customer readiness for developing their services. One of the most important sectors that plays key role for grasping developed condition is banking sector. Banks like other institutions also look for augmenting their profits and increasing their strength by expansion. The designing of bank must involve selection of those that have sufficient success potential. Hence, from several factors of success, the following three criteria factors have been: selected-customer satisfied, one dimensional, and product fully functional. These factors offers three question multi criteria group extracted from a 16 norms. Also, three criteria factors have been studied over a period of five years and important criteria for evaluating the norms. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been employed to calculate the success potential of each norm. The empirical data comprises the longitudinal survey of the agricultural banking of the Semnan province. The paper, also, finds that product fully functional is placed as the first priority.展开更多
In China, the quantity of farmer's grain storage covers about 40% of the total grain yield every year. While, the losses of farms' grain storage are up to 8%, which is due to the lack of grain storage facility and t...In China, the quantity of farmer's grain storage covers about 40% of the total grain yield every year. While, the losses of farms' grain storage are up to 8%, which is due to the lack of grain storage facility and technology. The losses of farmer's grain storage could reach nearly 20 million tons every year. In this paper, the current situation and development of grain storage technology and facility for Chinese farmers were presented. And a series of policy and research work for reducing the losses of farms' grain storage was introduced. The large scale farmers are now developing quickly in China, the new storage warehouse and mechanized facility should be developed adaptively. So, the new storage technology and policy to meet the need of large scale farmers were also introduced in this paper.展开更多
The current research aims to find out whether the model of the retailer's relational satisfaction, developed in a western setting is relevant in a different economic and cultural field of investigation: the Tunisian...The current research aims to find out whether the model of the retailer's relational satisfaction, developed in a western setting is relevant in a different economic and cultural field of investigation: the Tunisian post 2011 revolution's emerging context, and in a different industry: the retail industry. It explores the distinctive economic and cultural features that affect the retailer's relational satisfaction with its consumer goods manufacturers. The study employs a survey based on a face-to-face administered questionnaire. Two hundred and thirty four responses from a survey with Tunisian retailers as well as international retailers operating in Tunisia were obtained. All constructs are measured using five-point Likert type scales (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). Analyses are conducted using exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis. The results support the original model with however some differences derived from the Tunisian economic setting as a whole, the characteristics of the Tunisian consumer goods industry as well as the clan characteristic feature of the Tunisian collectivistic culture. Thus, the amount of discounts obtained, does no longer contribute to the retailer's economic satisfaction. Moreover, when it comes to social satisfaction, the respondents get uncomfortable, even to deal with a potential negative interaction with their suppliers. For retail companies involved in internationalization in the Maghreb Region, and especially in Tunisia, it seems that other competitive advantages than prices are to be developed, such as the development of private label or other services that create positive perceived value for the Tunisian customer. From a cultural standpoint, western managers have rather to go away from a formalized channel relationship management, while taking into account the importance of interpersonal influence. The study sheds light on the heterogeneity of the so-called Arab-Muslim world. This is highlighted in the management of channel relationship in Tunisia, that is influenced by: (1) The government's price regulation and control, especially in many food products; (2) The relative weak importance of discounts in gaining retailer's economic satisfaction; (3) The reshaping of the local retailing sector due to the arrival of international retail companies; (4) The clan feature of the Tunisian collectivistic culture that advocates putting priority on interpersonal influence in channel relationship's management.展开更多
We elaborate relevant theories of farmers' relational network,including the Differential Model of Association,the Strength of Weak Tie,Strength of Strong Tie and Favor and Face.The farmers' relational network ...We elaborate relevant theories of farmers' relational network,including the Differential Model of Association,the Strength of Weak Tie,Strength of Strong Tie and Favor and Face.The farmers' relational network in the Differential Model of Association can be divided into three layers:strong tie,weak tie and irrelative relationship according to Granovetter theory.These three layers have deep influence on opportunity selection during the undertaking,financing and enterprise development.With rational knowledge of these layers,farmers may exploit undertaking resources.On the basis of these,we made detailed analysis on farmers' selection of relations in the opportunity selection,financing and enterprise development stages.展开更多
In this paper,on the basis of analyzing farmers' dominant position in society and explanation of farmers' rationality,we make use of Maslow's hierarchy theory of needs to divide farmers' needs into thr...In this paper,on the basis of analyzing farmers' dominant position in society and explanation of farmers' rationality,we make use of Maslow's hierarchy theory of needs to divide farmers' needs into three levels in accordance with the different stages: survival needs,interpersonal harmony and social responsibility,which are the needs hierarchies for farmers to satisfy themselves. We combine Maslow's hierarchy theory of needs and farmers' rationality and confirm that farmers do have rationality and it is in a dynamic condition.展开更多
<strong>Introduction: </strong>Cancer is one of the most devastating pathologies to affect the breast. Mastectomy stigmas are associated with depression, body image dysmorphia, and decreasing quality of li...<strong>Introduction: </strong>Cancer is one of the most devastating pathologies to affect the breast. Mastectomy stigmas are associated with depression, body image dysmorphia, and decreasing quality of life. BREAST-Q is a PROM (Patient Reported Outcome Measures) that has proven useful in measuring satisfaction with breast reconstruction results from the patient’s point of view. <strong>Objectives:</strong> To measure the satisfaction index and improvement in quality of life after breast reconstruction for breast cancer sequelae in our hospital in the last 5 years.<strong> Materials and Methods:</strong> Descriptive Study that includes patients with Breast cancer diagnosis that underwent mastectomy and breast reconstruction (prosthesis or autologous tissue) in “Hospital Central Sur de Petroleos Mexicanos” (January 2015 to January 2020), whose satisfaction index was measured with BREAST-Q one year after reconstruction. <strong>Results:</strong> 153 patients were included in the analysis. Mean global satisfaction was 74 points. We observed a tendency towards higher psychosocial, sexual and appearance satisfaction in patients who underwent reconstruction with autologous tissue. The mean satisfaction with provided information was 64 points and with the medical team > 90 points. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Breast reconstruction is associated to a high satisfaction index and quality of life improvement regardless of the technique. BREAST-Q proved to be useful in evaluating patient experience and it helped us identify areas of opportunity to improve our care.展开更多
There are essential differences between the current status of farmers in China and "farmer" as a profession; this disparity remains to be a barrier to agricultural modernization. Since reform and opening up,...There are essential differences between the current status of farmers in China and "farmer" as a profession; this disparity remains to be a barrier to agricultural modernization. Since reform and opening up, changes in social economic structure have prompted the professionalization of farmers. To realize this trend and promote this transformation will be of significant importance to Chinese agricultural modernization.展开更多
The Valab project (Integrated Ecosystemic value-enhancement of the Guadeloupean Forest Agrobiodiversity) is a participatory action research that aims to explore the feasibility of diversification activities within the...The Valab project (Integrated Ecosystemic value-enhancement of the Guadeloupean Forest Agrobiodiversity) is a participatory action research that aims to explore the feasibility of diversification activities within the forest understorey. In the exploratory phase of the project, we studied stakeholders’ opinions on the positive and negative impacts of introducing livestock activities within a forest environment, as well as breeders’ constraints or motivations for setting up livestock units within agroforestry systems in the private forests of Guadeloupe. To establish a diagnosis of the current situation, 51 stakeholders (St) and 49 farmers (Fr) were interviewed on their perceptions, opinions, motivations and preferences. Forty-one percent of the St has had a generally positive appreciation of livestock activities, while on the opposite 31% have had a resolutely negative posture depending on their area of expertise. Their views on the possible positive effects or negative interactions between livestock and agroforestry activities were analysed in order to suggest possible approaches for the authorities or associations. Unanimously, the farmers replied that their motivations followed economic strategies: for self-consumption or sale. But their decision-making processes were also non-economic. Many of them (36% Fr) gave importance to their activity in the construction of their identity, whether it was through a desire to perpetuate traditions or to maintain family activities. The main constraints identified were natural constraints (61% Fr), including topography, climate and predators. While 28% of Fr notified their motivations for environmental protection. Another constraint was of a technical nature (44% Fr) since farmers asked for more technical references or support services. Further researches are required to study the interactions between animals and the undergrowth by describing their respective ecosystem services in order to enhance their positive interactions.展开更多
Based on social capital theory,related factors of three dimensions( structure dimension,cognition dimension and relation dimension) of farmer social capital are taken as independent variables,and famer's willingne...Based on social capital theory,related factors of three dimensions( structure dimension,cognition dimension and relation dimension) of farmer social capital are taken as independent variables,and famer's willingness to cooperatively supply agricultural disaster reduction public goods is taken as dependent variable. Taking 515 farmers in 27 villages of Hubei Province as investigation objects,the influence of farmer social capital on cooperative supply willingness of agricultural disaster reduction public goods is explored by Logistic regression model. Research results show that social solidarity,common value concept,social trust and reciprocal content have positive impact on farmer's willingness of cooperative supply,while annual household income,number of agricultural disaster reduction public goods and social network have negative impact on farmer's willingness of cooperative supply.展开更多
In this study, the cooperative shareholders' performance and satisfaction were investigated as antecedent. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers has been identified as antecedent. In addition, shareholders'...In this study, the cooperative shareholders' performance and satisfaction were investigated as antecedent. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers has been identified as antecedent. In addition, shareholders' age, education, land size, and duration of membership in the cooperative were investigated to have effect on the shareholder's performance and satisfaction. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers is the subject of research on the effects of performance and satisfaction of the cooperative shareholders. A field survey was conducted. This study has been applied to Cukobirlik, an agricultural sale cooperative in East Mediterranean of Turkey. The researchers collected data by random questionnaire method. The research data were collected from 155 cooperative shareholders. For the data, exploratory factor, correlation, and regression were analyzed. The results of this analysis show that there is a meaningful relationship between charismatic leaders and the performance and satisfaction of shareholders for these cooperatives. Another result, there is significant relation between land size of cooperative shareholders and the performance and satisfaction of cooperative shareholders.展开更多
Through on-the-spot survey and research on the actual situation of agricultural cooperatives and the conditions of production and living of farmers and herdsmen in Nagqu,Tibet,going through a lot of literature,this pa...Through on-the-spot survey and research on the actual situation of agricultural cooperatives and the conditions of production and living of farmers and herdsmen in Nagqu,Tibet,going through a lot of literature,this paper studies and analyzes the development of local cooperative organizations of farmers and herdsmen,understands the actual benefits of cooperative organizations to farmers and herdsmen,aims to increase the income of farmers and herdsmen,and thus puts forward the main problems and measures on agricultural cooperatives in Nagqu area,in order to offer some suggestions for farmers and herdsmen to get rid of poverty through the conclusion of the study.展开更多
文摘This study analyzed information gathered from 200 date palm households in the mountainous Panjgur District of Balochistan in Pakistan with the aim of determining date farmers' access to and satisfaction with agricultural extension services. Information was collected through a structured questionnaire survey, group discussions and semi- structured personal interviews. The findings of the analysis revealed very poor access to extension services. The results of logistic regression analysis identified five variables out of six which significantly influence date farmers' access to extension services: household bead's age, household bead's literacy, number of date palm trees owned, mostly inherited date palm trees, and percentage of dead date palm trees. The overwhelming majority of farmers were dissatisfied with all three main types of extension services being provided by public extension officials. Explanations for this as well as for associations between access to extension services and the six independent variables are provided. Important policy conclusions are drawn based on the findings.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 71,303,087],[grant number 71,103,072]the Research Project of Humanities and Social Sciences by the Ministry of Education of China[grant number 11YJC790060]
文摘Farmers' compensation for land acquisition is not only critical to increasing their income and to playing a pivotal role in maintaining rural stability,but also to the promotion of sustainable land use.Based on analysis of Chinese land acquisition policy under the Land Management Law,which provides principles or guidelines for determining compensation according to agricultural land use in regard to farmers' previous quality of life,the Life Satisfaction Approach is introduced in this article to evaluate farmers' compensation for land acquisition.Employing data from a questionnaire survey on 346 farming households in Wuhan Suburbs,this article examined the influence of farmland on farmers' life satisfaction and evaluated the level of compensation for land acquisition.Results show that farmland has a significantly positive impact on life satisfaction,which fell by 0.033 on a five-point scale following a reduction farmland by of 1 mu.Respondents were willing to accept approximately RMB 3066.44 annual household income for the loss of 1 mu farmland;the level of compensation after discounting by 6.2%is RMB 750,000 per hectare.It was found in a further comparative study that the level of farmers' compensation for land acquisition is decidedly low,and it was also shown that their compensation standards,as well as the actual compensation,could be substantially improved by expanding economic compensation to non-economic compensation to embody farmland multifunction in terms of production and non-production against farmers' previous quality of life.This article proposes a compensation model that enriches the content of land acquisition compensation,extends the current literature on measuring compensation,and provides economic theory bases for increasing compensation standards and improving policies related to land acquisition.We consider that if this compensation model is applied,it could raise the cost of land acquisition and improve usage of land,reduce the speed of rural-urban land conversion,and improve farmers' well-being.
基金Supported by the Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Special Project of Shaanxi"13115"(2009ZDKG-66)the Shaanxi Provincial Project of Special Foundation of Key Disciplines
文摘In view of the present situation of measuring a green residence just by energy saving and environmental protection,we propose that we should build the rural residence more from the farmer's view and set up an evaluation system based on farmers satisfaction.A total of 16 factors affecting the farmers' satisfaction degree of green energy saving rebuilding of rural residence are selected.Questionnaire survey on 110 peasant households is carried out under different situations in Guanzhong region in Shaanxi Province,so as to obtain the importance score of evaluation index.During constructing the evaluation system for farmers' satisfaction degree,Factor Analysis Method is used to classify the related influencing factors.Subjective analysis of Analytic Hierarchy Process and the objective analysis of Factor Analysis Method are combined together to determine the weights of factors at different grades.Then,the final evaluation model is obtained,which provides guidance for the further green energy saving rebuilding of rural residence in China.
文摘According to actual features of public goods for disaster reduction in agriculture,an evaluation indicator system of farmers' satisfaction with the supply of public goods for disaster reduction in agriculture composed of five first-grade indicators containing 18 second-grade indicators was established firstly,and then a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of farmers' satisfaction was set up. Finally,farmers' satisfaction with the supply of public goods for disaster reduction in agriculture in two counties and one district of Hubei Province was evaluated by the model. The results show that farmers are satisfied with the supply of public goods for disaster reduction in agriculture on the whole,but farmers' satisfaction with openness about funds for disaster reduction,supply structure of public goods,work attitude and work efficiency is at a general level. Some suggestions about the four aspects were proposed,such as improving supervisory mechanisms to increase funding transparency,making information channels unblocked to improve the supply efficiency of public goods for disaster reduction,and improving the quality of government workers to increase their work efficiency.
文摘Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). Reports show continued patient satisfaction after surgery despite not maintaining clinical improvement as measured by evolution scales. Objectives: The present study sought to explore expectations and level of satisfaction in patients after DBS surgery with a semi-structured questionnaire and subsequent correlation with functional scales, Quality of Life (QoL), and motor and non-motor symptoms. Methods: We performed descriptive statistics to represent demographic data, Wilcoxon rank tests to determine significant differences, and Spearman correlation between the applied scales. Results: We evaluated 20 patients with a history of DBS surgery. 45% were female, with a mean age of 55.7 ± 14.15 years, a mean disease duration of 13.42 ± 8.3 years, and a mean time after surgery of 3.18 ± 1.86 years. Patients reported surgery meeting expectations in 85.5% and continued satisfaction in 92%. These two variables showed a significant correlation. Conclusions: This sample of patients remained satisfied after DBS surgery, although we found no differences in motor and non-motor clinimetric scales. Further studies are needed to confirm the importance of assessing quality of life in patients with DBS.
基金Supported by Graduate Education Innovation Program of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law(2016Y1054)
文摘Based on fully understanding the significance of farmer training,this paper builds the evaluation index system for farmer training satisfaction level. Then this paper employs the field survey data about Yichang and Jingzhou in Hubei Province to evaluate the farmer training satisfaction level in Hubei Province. Results show that farmers have high level of satisfaction on agricultural training in Hubei Province,and the average satisfaction level reaches 0. 8556; there are regional differences in the farmer training satisfaction level in Hubei Province; the index weight is not entirely directly proportional to the training satisfaction level in the evaluation index system. Finally,from training courses,training teachers,training organization and follow-up services,this paper brings forward the recommendations for improving farmer training satisfaction level in Hubei Province,improve farmer training system,further improve the effectiveness of training and promote farmers' quality.
基金Supported by Hubei Provincial Department of Education Science and Technology Research Project(Q20131207)~~
文摘The growth of farmer's incomes is cIoseIy reIated to rural finance. The research analyzed the dynamic reIationship of rural financial deveIopment, efficiency and farmer's incomes based on VAR modeI, and the resuIts indicated that the ex-pansion of rural finance wouId stimuIate farmer's incomes in a Iong term, and the growth of rural financial efficiency significantIy improves farmer's incomes in a short term, instead of a Iong term. Hence, it is necessary to introduce more credit funds and social funds to rural areas, deepen rural financial system reform and acceIerate use rate of Ioan capital and enhance guidance for farmers and township enterprises in use of Ioan capitals.
文摘After analysis of location feature of the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River and its construction of urban and rural integration,the paper pointed out harmonious combination between natural and artificial factors had been neglected in planning and design of farmers' residential area at the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River,"regional characteristic" losing,residential area in the form of "city community" and buildings in European style.In view of these problems,relevant planning and design thoughts and methods had been proposed as to how to create "regional characteristic" from the perspective of planning,architecture and landscape design.It discussed with emphasis the importance of construction base type and combination of environment with residential area construction;inspirations and design methods obtained from traditional architectures;and the content of landscape overall planning and specific design.It was hoped to enlighten designers to shoulder social and historical responsibility,make exploration unremittingly,and construct beautiful homelands for people.
文摘The phenomenon of Cenozoic migrant worker shortage is a realism problem of China's enterprise, and Cenozoic migrant worker has become an important force occupied the social structure. So the study of Cenozoic migrant worker's status and the demand is imperative. Understand employees' both psychological and physiological satisfaction of enterprises' environmental factors, and make some corresponding changes is of great help to reduce the employee turnover rate. This paper commenced to research from the Cenozoic migrant worker 's characteristics, analyzed conditions and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures.
文摘The aim of the article is to determine the extent to which customer satisfaction's in the e-banking in Semnan area had organizational and customer readiness for developing their services. One of the most important sectors that plays key role for grasping developed condition is banking sector. Banks like other institutions also look for augmenting their profits and increasing their strength by expansion. The designing of bank must involve selection of those that have sufficient success potential. Hence, from several factors of success, the following three criteria factors have been: selected-customer satisfied, one dimensional, and product fully functional. These factors offers three question multi criteria group extracted from a 16 norms. Also, three criteria factors have been studied over a period of five years and important criteria for evaluating the norms. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been employed to calculate the success potential of each norm. The empirical data comprises the longitudinal survey of the agricultural banking of the Semnan province. The paper, also, finds that product fully functional is placed as the first priority.
文摘In China, the quantity of farmer's grain storage covers about 40% of the total grain yield every year. While, the losses of farms' grain storage are up to 8%, which is due to the lack of grain storage facility and technology. The losses of farmer's grain storage could reach nearly 20 million tons every year. In this paper, the current situation and development of grain storage technology and facility for Chinese farmers were presented. And a series of policy and research work for reducing the losses of farms' grain storage was introduced. The large scale farmers are now developing quickly in China, the new storage warehouse and mechanized facility should be developed adaptively. So, the new storage technology and policy to meet the need of large scale farmers were also introduced in this paper.
文摘The current research aims to find out whether the model of the retailer's relational satisfaction, developed in a western setting is relevant in a different economic and cultural field of investigation: the Tunisian post 2011 revolution's emerging context, and in a different industry: the retail industry. It explores the distinctive economic and cultural features that affect the retailer's relational satisfaction with its consumer goods manufacturers. The study employs a survey based on a face-to-face administered questionnaire. Two hundred and thirty four responses from a survey with Tunisian retailers as well as international retailers operating in Tunisia were obtained. All constructs are measured using five-point Likert type scales (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). Analyses are conducted using exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis. The results support the original model with however some differences derived from the Tunisian economic setting as a whole, the characteristics of the Tunisian consumer goods industry as well as the clan characteristic feature of the Tunisian collectivistic culture. Thus, the amount of discounts obtained, does no longer contribute to the retailer's economic satisfaction. Moreover, when it comes to social satisfaction, the respondents get uncomfortable, even to deal with a potential negative interaction with their suppliers. For retail companies involved in internationalization in the Maghreb Region, and especially in Tunisia, it seems that other competitive advantages than prices are to be developed, such as the development of private label or other services that create positive perceived value for the Tunisian customer. From a cultural standpoint, western managers have rather to go away from a formalized channel relationship management, while taking into account the importance of interpersonal influence. The study sheds light on the heterogeneity of the so-called Arab-Muslim world. This is highlighted in the management of channel relationship in Tunisia, that is influenced by: (1) The government's price regulation and control, especially in many food products; (2) The relative weak importance of discounts in gaining retailer's economic satisfaction; (3) The reshaping of the local retailing sector due to the arrival of international retail companies; (4) The clan feature of the Tunisian collectivistic culture that advocates putting priority on interpersonal influence in channel relationship's management.
基金Supported by the Project of Rural Development Research Center of Anhui University (2011sk690)Innovative Experimental Program for Undergraduates of Anhui University (xj103575100)
文摘We elaborate relevant theories of farmers' relational network,including the Differential Model of Association,the Strength of Weak Tie,Strength of Strong Tie and Favor and Face.The farmers' relational network in the Differential Model of Association can be divided into three layers:strong tie,weak tie and irrelative relationship according to Granovetter theory.These three layers have deep influence on opportunity selection during the undertaking,financing and enterprise development.With rational knowledge of these layers,farmers may exploit undertaking resources.On the basis of these,we made detailed analysis on farmers' selection of relations in the opportunity selection,financing and enterprise development stages.
文摘In this paper,on the basis of analyzing farmers' dominant position in society and explanation of farmers' rationality,we make use of Maslow's hierarchy theory of needs to divide farmers' needs into three levels in accordance with the different stages: survival needs,interpersonal harmony and social responsibility,which are the needs hierarchies for farmers to satisfy themselves. We combine Maslow's hierarchy theory of needs and farmers' rationality and confirm that farmers do have rationality and it is in a dynamic condition.
文摘<strong>Introduction: </strong>Cancer is one of the most devastating pathologies to affect the breast. Mastectomy stigmas are associated with depression, body image dysmorphia, and decreasing quality of life. BREAST-Q is a PROM (Patient Reported Outcome Measures) that has proven useful in measuring satisfaction with breast reconstruction results from the patient’s point of view. <strong>Objectives:</strong> To measure the satisfaction index and improvement in quality of life after breast reconstruction for breast cancer sequelae in our hospital in the last 5 years.<strong> Materials and Methods:</strong> Descriptive Study that includes patients with Breast cancer diagnosis that underwent mastectomy and breast reconstruction (prosthesis or autologous tissue) in “Hospital Central Sur de Petroleos Mexicanos” (January 2015 to January 2020), whose satisfaction index was measured with BREAST-Q one year after reconstruction. <strong>Results:</strong> 153 patients were included in the analysis. Mean global satisfaction was 74 points. We observed a tendency towards higher psychosocial, sexual and appearance satisfaction in patients who underwent reconstruction with autologous tissue. The mean satisfaction with provided information was 64 points and with the medical team > 90 points. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Breast reconstruction is associated to a high satisfaction index and quality of life improvement regardless of the technique. BREAST-Q proved to be useful in evaluating patient experience and it helped us identify areas of opportunity to improve our care.
文摘There are essential differences between the current status of farmers in China and "farmer" as a profession; this disparity remains to be a barrier to agricultural modernization. Since reform and opening up, changes in social economic structure have prompted the professionalization of farmers. To realize this trend and promote this transformation will be of significant importance to Chinese agricultural modernization.
文摘The Valab project (Integrated Ecosystemic value-enhancement of the Guadeloupean Forest Agrobiodiversity) is a participatory action research that aims to explore the feasibility of diversification activities within the forest understorey. In the exploratory phase of the project, we studied stakeholders’ opinions on the positive and negative impacts of introducing livestock activities within a forest environment, as well as breeders’ constraints or motivations for setting up livestock units within agroforestry systems in the private forests of Guadeloupe. To establish a diagnosis of the current situation, 51 stakeholders (St) and 49 farmers (Fr) were interviewed on their perceptions, opinions, motivations and preferences. Forty-one percent of the St has had a generally positive appreciation of livestock activities, while on the opposite 31% have had a resolutely negative posture depending on their area of expertise. Their views on the possible positive effects or negative interactions between livestock and agroforestry activities were analysed in order to suggest possible approaches for the authorities or associations. Unanimously, the farmers replied that their motivations followed economic strategies: for self-consumption or sale. But their decision-making processes were also non-economic. Many of them (36% Fr) gave importance to their activity in the construction of their identity, whether it was through a desire to perpetuate traditions or to maintain family activities. The main constraints identified were natural constraints (61% Fr), including topography, climate and predators. While 28% of Fr notified their motivations for environmental protection. Another constraint was of a technical nature (44% Fr) since farmers asked for more technical references or support services. Further researches are required to study the interactions between animals and the undergrowth by describing their respective ecosystem services in order to enhance their positive interactions.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation Item(71373098)
文摘Based on social capital theory,related factors of three dimensions( structure dimension,cognition dimension and relation dimension) of farmer social capital are taken as independent variables,and famer's willingness to cooperatively supply agricultural disaster reduction public goods is taken as dependent variable. Taking 515 farmers in 27 villages of Hubei Province as investigation objects,the influence of farmer social capital on cooperative supply willingness of agricultural disaster reduction public goods is explored by Logistic regression model. Research results show that social solidarity,common value concept,social trust and reciprocal content have positive impact on farmer's willingness of cooperative supply,while annual household income,number of agricultural disaster reduction public goods and social network have negative impact on farmer's willingness of cooperative supply.
文摘In this study, the cooperative shareholders' performance and satisfaction were investigated as antecedent. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers has been identified as antecedent. In addition, shareholders' age, education, land size, and duration of membership in the cooperative were investigated to have effect on the shareholder's performance and satisfaction. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers is the subject of research on the effects of performance and satisfaction of the cooperative shareholders. A field survey was conducted. This study has been applied to Cukobirlik, an agricultural sale cooperative in East Mediterranean of Turkey. The researchers collected data by random questionnaire method. The research data were collected from 155 cooperative shareholders. For the data, exploratory factor, correlation, and regression were analyzed. The results of this analysis show that there is a meaningful relationship between charismatic leaders and the performance and satisfaction of shareholders for these cooperatives. Another result, there is significant relation between land size of cooperative shareholders and the performance and satisfaction of cooperative shareholders.
文摘Through on-the-spot survey and research on the actual situation of agricultural cooperatives and the conditions of production and living of farmers and herdsmen in Nagqu,Tibet,going through a lot of literature,this paper studies and analyzes the development of local cooperative organizations of farmers and herdsmen,understands the actual benefits of cooperative organizations to farmers and herdsmen,aims to increase the income of farmers and herdsmen,and thus puts forward the main problems and measures on agricultural cooperatives in Nagqu area,in order to offer some suggestions for farmers and herdsmen to get rid of poverty through the conclusion of the study.