Exploration and Practice of Ideological and Political Teaching Construction for Biochemistry Course in Agricultural Colleges and Universities

Biochemistry is a fundamental core course in disciplines such as agriculture,forestry,medicine,animal husbandry,veterinary medicine,and food science.By prioritizing"educating people"in the teaching process of this professional course,we can unearth diverse ideological and political elements related to agricultural production practices within the curriculum knowledge system and the forefront of discipline development.Exploring various teaching methods and utilizing diverse teaching tools are effective strategies to achieve ideological and political education that silently influences students in the field of biochemistry.The goal is to nurture students strong ideals and beliefs,fostering a deep connection to the sentiments of"agriculture,rural areas and farmers in a great nation."This approach aims to instill a sense of responsibility towards strengthening agriculture,shaping students into individuals from South China Agricultural University who possess lofty aspirations and the courage to shoulder responsibility in the new era.

The Investigation Report of Farmers' Political Cognition and Ability

In order to investigate the situation of political cognition and ability,the research group had surveyed some rural areas by the methods of questionnaires,literature review and case interviews.The data results showed that farmers had an independent ability of political judgment,but on the other hand the actual voting rate was very low.In a word,there is a long way to improve farmers’political cognition and ability.

Analysis on the Cultivation of Modern Chinese Farmers' Values from the Perspective of Traditional Political Culture

Farmers in traditional China have formed the cultural psychology of being reluctant to move from native land and hate to change during the long- term closed production and life. This has exerted negative effect on the values cultivation of farmers today,who possess weak democratic consciousness,low legal spirit and cultural quality as well as strong antagonistic psychology. Measures should be carried out to cultivate their modern values. Firstly,construction of villagers' self-governance system should be stressed. Secondly,political socialization should be perfected to improve farmers' political culture. Furthermore,channels of political participation should be widened in order to gradually promote the ordered political participation of farmers.

Farmers'Ideological and Political Education under the Background of Rural Revitalization Strategy

As a new way to solve the issues of agriculture,rural areas and farmers in China,the strategy of rural revitalization puts forward new requirements for the ideological and political education of farmers.However,in the present stage,the ideological and political education of Chinese farmers is often compromised in the process of rural traditional culture,and there is also pride and prejudice in the cadres for"agriculture,rural areas and farmers".For the ideological and political education of Chinese farmers,it is necessary to pay more attention to the social orientation of farmers and the value orientation contained in the construction of farmers'ideological and political construction,and reconstruct the system of Chinese farmers'ideological and political education based on this orientation and value selection.

Analysis of Characteristics of the Rural Political Participation in Yan'an Period

From October 1935 when the Central Red Army arrived in northern Shaanxi to March 1948 when the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China crossed the Yellow River,the Communist Party of China inspired ordinary party members' political participation consciousness through rectification and seeking the opinions of non-party individuals,and stimulated the political participation enthusiasm of democracy activists through the special election to improve farmers' political participation awareness,in order to form a unique " Yan'an democratic model",which greatly accelerated the victory of the resistance war and accumulated rich experience for democratic construction.

Social Media Use and Political Participation in Rural China:A Case Study

Among the few studies conducted on political participation in China,most, if not all, provided an urban-centric picture of participation with both Internet-based debate on certain topics or offline movement on a specific issue.Little attention is paid to the role social media use which might play in rural politics in China. This paper takes it from here and looks at how factory nongmingong in China use social media to participate in rural politics, as well as the relationship between such use and political participation.We employ a processual approach to rural politics where rural politics is viewed as the interaction between individual participant and the structural forces,cultural or political, that comprise the current cultural nexus of power within the enlarged social landscape of rural politics. We will in this process examine the participation of their perception of rural politics, expression as well as action. By interviews and participant observation among nongmingong in this villa,ge, we demonstrated that their perception of the factory culture, the time limits imposed by the factory, and extant social networks on social media and the renting and mianzi principles attached to it are three important cultural forces shaping both their political use of social media and the observed political participation. The very affordance of friends and group chats offered by WeChat, when adopted by them, in our case, play a central role in this process.

A Study on the Effectiveness of Chinese Farmers’Participation under the Background of Rural Rejuvenation

The strategy of Rural Revitalization is an important strategic measure to comprehensively promote rural modernization in the period of building a socialist modernization country with Chinese characteristics.In essence,a farmer’s political participation is,of course,to inevitably build a new socialist countryside,cultivate new socialist farmers and realize socialist rural modernization.This paper attempts to explore the promotion and efficient realization of farmers’political participation from three ways of improving the subject ability of political participation,first,to improve subject ability;second,to guarantee object conditions,third,and to create the proper environment.And this paper illustrates that the modernization of rural areas requires the modernization of farmers’ideology and political consciousness.The comprehensive promotion of the modernization of peasants’ideology and political consciousness is embodied in the practice of political participation.

Stakeholders’ Participation in Agricultural Farmers’ Extension Services Programmes in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case of the Operation Wealth Creation (OWC) Programme in Uganda

The paper presents findings from a study carried out to assess the contribution of stakeholders’participation on the performance of the national agricultural farmers’extension services programme in Uganda known as Operation Wealth Creation(OWEC).Specifically,the study sought to establish how participatory planning,budgeting,monitoring and evaluation(M&E)respectively contributed to the performance of OWC in selected district in central Uganda.The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design using both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis techniques and employed both questionnaires and interview guides on key participants in the programme.Findings of the study indicated positive relationships between stakeholders’participation and programme performance with participatory planning,budgeting and M&E all having positive significant effects on the performance of OWC programme.The study concluded that indeed stakeholders’participation contributed to improved performance of the OWC programme.The study recommends increased funding and M&E of the agricultural extension programmes for improved performance.

Bangsamoro Women＇s Participation on Political Processes in Lanao Del Sur

This study attempts to examine the conceptual and political bases of Bangsamoro women＇s participation on politics in terms of electoral, policy-making, and peace processes in Lanao del Sur. The descriptive correlation method was used, which utilized a survey questionnaire as the primary source in acquiring the data. The findings showed that the majority of the respondents were young, most of them were married and had finished elementary degree. It was observed that their participation in electoral, policy-making, and peace processes was high but vote buying, political ideology, and corruption were considered to be their problems. Despite cultural barriers, a clear understanding of their role as Muslim woman can increase their participation. Hence, total reform in the government as well as the Barangay should be done including their participation for the training programs on leadership, accountability and transparency, human and political rights awareness as well as the Shariah Law and the Philippine Constitution. Political party system that has a strong alliance to other political parties shall also be established in order to assure their participation. Linkages to other civil society like class-based organizations, occupation-based associations, and interest-based societies shall be tapped by the leaders of Bangsamoro women.

Analysis of Factors Influencing Farmers' Participation in Forest Farmers Cooperatives Based on Empirical Research of Zhejiang Province

Based on field research data of farmers in Zhejiang Province, the authors analyzed factors influencing farmers' participation in forest farmers cooperatives (hereafter referred to as FFCs) by the binary logistic regression model. Results show that understanding of farmers about cooperatives has a great influence on their behavior of participation in FFCs. Besides, educational level of householders and existing member scale of cooperatives also have significant influence on farmers' behavior of participation in cooperatives. Therefore, it is required to strengthen propaganda of cooperatives, deepen their understanding of cooperatives; cultivate new high quality farmers to provide talents for development of cooperatives; establish incentive mechanism to encourage farmers to participate in cooperatives.

Survey of Contemporary College Students＇ Political Participation

The network of political participation is relative to the traditional political participation, it takes the Internet as a carrier, with distinctive character, with a more convenient, fast, and even without time and space constraints advantage. Political participation has to be affected by the social and economic development, political system, social and environmental factors, countries generally believe that collaboration between the Government and social organizations, networks of enterprises, schools and other interested parties are currently the main mode of network governance. College students are the main power of the network of political participation, the university plays an important role in the political participation process. Therefore, this article takes online political participation of college students as a starting point, through questionnaires and case interviews and other methods to investigate the current status of college students online political participation, analyze network characteristics and problems of college students in political participation, to guide the college network path which provides reference for orderly participation in political studies.

On the Value of the Legalization of Political Participation in Protecting Human Rights

It＇s necessary to legalize political participation in contemporary China because of its value in protecting human rights in terms of function and value. That is, the legalization of political participation aims to promote human rights protec- tion. What＇s more, the legalization of political participation in contemporary China and the maturity of the pro- motion of interest coordination and the rule of law, also show the great development of democracy and politi- cal stability in China.

Applying Politeness Strategies in Teacher Talk to Increase Students Participation

Based on Brown and Levinson's face theory, this paper points out that Chinese students keep silent in the English class for the sake of their face wants. As facilitators of language learning, teachers need to learn some politeness strategies and employ various politeness strategies to maintain and enhance students' face to spark their motivation to participate in the interactive activities so as to develop their language control.

Willingness of farmers to participate in food traceability systems:improving the level of food safety

In order to solve frequently emerging food safety problems and adapt to the developing trends in the international food safety field, the Chinese government is establishing and developing food traceability systems. Whether or not food traceability sys- tems can guarantee food safety is a problem well worth discussing. Hence, we constructed a theoretical model to explore the effect of incentives in a food traceability system in order to improve food safety levels. The following results were obtained： enhancing the ef- fectiveness of a food traceability system, increasing the payment to farmers who supply safe agricultural products and strengthening the penalty for unsafe food supply actions are necessary conditions to improve the level of food safety. How to encourage farmers to use food traceability systems is another problem explored in our investigation. Based on a field survey on the willingness of vegetable growers to participate using a vegetable traceability system in Beijing, the first city in China to develop such a system, we used a de- scriptive statistics and a binary logistic regression model to investigate the factors which dominate the decision on the part of farmers to participate in a food safety system. The results indicate that i： younger farmers are more likely to get involved in a food traceability system than older farmers, ii： income from non-agricultural activities decreases the willingness of farmers to participate, iii： the high- er the cost-benefit ratio of growing vegetables, the more likely for farmers to engage in a food traceability system, iv： farmers with a great concern for food safety information have a high propensity to participate and v： increased penalties against unsafe food supply actions and high-risk expectation are adverse incentives. In contrast, high-price expectation is a positive incentive for farmers to par- ticipate, while agricultural training, government subsidies and being part of an industrial organization will significantly strengthen the confidence of farmers to participate in a food safety system.

Factors Influencing Farmers' Willingness to Participate in the New Vocational Training

Probit model is applied to analyze some key factors influencing farmers' willingness to participate in the new vocational training for farmers based on 683 questionnaires from 8 districts in Chongqing. The results show that individual and family factors significantly affect farmers' participation will. These factors are age,family scale and years of education. Age is the most important factor,family scale is of secondary importance and years of education are the third one. Meanwhile,years of education positively affect farmers' participation willingness;there is a negative correlation among age,family scale and this willingness. Organizer,rural economic development level and training experience have no significant influence on this willingness.

Willingness of Farmers Joining Professional Cooperatives——Based on the Questionnaire Survey of Nanjing

Based on the questionnaire survey of farmers in Nanjing City,the research analyzes the influencing factors of farmers' willingness joining professional cooperatives with Binary Logistic model.Results show that variable factors such as:labors,degrees of education,levels of awareness,development of judgments,have positive relation to the willingness of farmers joining professional cooperatives;gender and financial demands are negative related to willingness of farmers joining professional cooperatives;variable factors,such as ages,degrees of education,numbers of farmers,scale of land,generation experience,specific investment and fluctuations of prices,the estimated parameters of which are not significant.At last,the paper points out that the 2 important ways in accelerating the development of professional cooperatives are:the first is to accelerate the capital accumulation of advanced farmers and strengthen the scaled degrees of agricultural management.The second is to promote the information and techniques accumulation speed of professional farmers to strengthen people's awareness and confidence.

Women and youths participation in agroforestry:What counts and what doesn’t around Mount Elgon,Uganda?

The increase in global climate change incidents is a glaring indication that more pragmatic and direct approaches to tree and forest management are urgently needed.A study was conducted around Mount Elgon Uganda between June 2018 and December 2019.The objectives were to:i)determine the socio-economic characteristics of women and youth farmers engaged in agroforestry,ii)determine the relationship between women and youth farmers’characteristics in adoption of tree technologies and related decisions,and iii)assess the incentives,challenges and strategies for promoting agroforestry technologies’adoption in the region.Data were collected from 250 women and youths using focus group discussions,semi-structured,and key informant interviews.Results showed that engagements in agroforestry practices attracted largely(82%)of uneducated women and youths and basic methods and tools were used to farm.Up to 70%of women and youth relied on crop farming as a major source of income,earning about USD$250 perannum.Farm and family size were positively(P>0.0001)related to tree adoption decisions while farmer capacity building activities(such as training,farmer guided field tours,and participatory farmer trial’s establishments)and access to low-cost tree seedlings motivated their involvement in tree planting.Land scarcity,soil,water,and tree conservation issues and shortage of desired tree species affected the extent of tree growing in both women and youth-led households.The suggested strategies comprised strengthening farmer capacity-building programs and upholding soil and water conservation technologies.Agroforestry has the potential to address the challenges related to land scarcity and shortage of desired tree products in women and youth-led households around Mount Elgon.However,the women and youths involved in farming activities were generally poor,illiterate and faced issues of land insecurity.These factors,limited their full potential and interest in agroforestry.A significant increase in tree adoption rates by women and youths will be achieved with increased training on tree seed collection and pre-treatment,reforestation programs as well as tree pest and disease control.

Visualizing Clashes and Alliances in Social Networks of Political Discussions

Political discussions are characterized by conflicts of interest, and decisions are made based on negotiations. In general, participants need to reinforce their opinions and influence other participants. In this context, it is important to know how allies and opponents are positioned, in order to understand the discussion dynamics and plan adequate actions. This paper suggests the use of social network visualizations to explicit oppositions and alliances in order to support the understanding and following of political discussions. A system which supports these visualizations was built. An experiment performed to test the proposed visualizations showed to which extent they can be more efficient in identifying information about clashes and alliances than an online discussion system can.

Linking Markets to Smallholder Agro-forestry Farmers as a Strategy for Poverty Alleviation in the Tropics

The objective of the study was to assess factors affecting market participation of agro-forestry smallholder farmers in Uganda. Primary data on household, farm and marketing characteristics were collected from 153 farming households using a semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire. The determinants of market participation were assessed using the Probit model. Descriptive statistics showed that a combination of crop, livestock and tree products were marketed by farmers. The main products included maize, cassava and coffee （crops）; firewood and poles （tree products）; and birds and goats （livestock products）. Results from the Probit model showed that farm size, household size, education level, access to credit and extension visits had positive and statistically significant effects on market participation of farmers in agro-forestry products＇ markets. Age of farmer had a negative and statistically significant effect on the participation. Emphasis on improving the quality and coverage of extension services, extending credit facilities to farmers and intensifying agro-forestry training among farmers are suggested as avenues to enhance participation of farmers in agro-forestry products＇ markets.

Effect of rural household participation and targeted tourism poverty alleviation

In areas with abundant tourism resources,it is possible for the poor to get rid of poverty by developing tourism.Differences in the extent to which farmers participate in the division of the tourism industry chain lead to differences in the effectiveness of poverty alleviation.This paper conducts in-depth interviews on the participation of rural households in the division of labor in the tourism industry chain in Qianshan city,and studies the degree to which rural households participate in the division of labor in the tourism industry chain,as well as the differences in the increment of tourism income brought about by different degrees.The survey found that the reasons for the differences in the degree of participation of farmers in tourism:off-season crops are not developed,and seasonal crops are competing for sale;Middlemen buy agricultural products from farmers at low prices.Farmers’organic products are not recognized and unable to enter the organic market.From the perspective of the government and farmers,the paper puts forward countermeasures for solving the above predicament.