This paper presents an asymmetric anode structure and cathode extraction fast and soft recovery diode.The device anode is partial-heavily doped and partial-lightly doped.Theregion is introduced into the cathode.Firstl...This paper presents an asymmetric anode structure and cathode extraction fast and soft recovery diode.The device anode is partial-heavily doped and partial-lightly doped.Theregion is introduced into the cathode.Firstly,the characteristics of the diode are simulated and analyzed.Secondly,the diode was fabricated and its characteristics were tested.The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results.The results show that,compared with the P–i–N diode,although the forward conduction characteristic of the diode is declined,the reverse recovery peak current is reduced by 47%,the reverse recovery time is shortened by 20%and the softness factor is doubled.In addition,the breakdown voltage is increased by 10%.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Fast track strategy in the management of patients undergoing intra-abdominal surgery of various types has emerged as a landmark approach to reduce surgical stress and accelerate recovery. This study was to...BACKGROUND: Fast track strategy in the management of patients undergoing intra-abdominal surgery of various types has emerged as a landmark approach to reduce surgical stress and accelerate recovery. This study was to evaluate the effect of fast track strategy on patients subjected to pancreaticoduo-denectomy (PD) from an individual unit during transit from low to a high volume center. METHODS: A total of 142 PD patients who had been subjected to fast track strategy between June 2008 and September 2012 were compared with 46 patients who had received convention-al surgery between January 2006 and May 2008. Comparative analysis was made of postoperative complications, postopera-tive recovery, length of hospital stay and patient readmission requirement. RESULTS: The patients subjected to fast track strategy had a faster recovery and a shorter hospital stay than those who were treated conventionally (7.8 vs 12.1 days). The intraoperative events like operative blood loss (417.9±83.8 vs 997.4 ±151.8 mL, P<0.001), blood transfused (a median of 0 vs 1 unit,P<0.001) and operative time taken (125 vs 245 minutes,P<0.001) were signiifcantly lower in the fast track group. The frequency of pancreatic ifstula (4.9% vs 13.0%) and delayed gastric empty-ing (7.0% vs 17.4%) was also signiifcantly reduced with fast track treatment. Nevertheless, the readmission rate (11.3% vs 6.5%) was found relatively higher within the fast track group. However, increased readmission rates in this study seem to be independent of fast track protocol. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary analysis suggests that the fast track approach might be beneifcial to the well-being of the patients after PD, for it accelerates the immediate clinical recovery of patients and signiifcantly shortens their length of hospital stay.展开更多
Aiming at the problem of failure recovery in current networks,a fast failure recovery method based on equivalent cooperative routing is proposed.Firstly,the transmission path between the source and destination nodes i...Aiming at the problem of failure recovery in current networks,a fast failure recovery method based on equivalent cooperative routing is proposed.Firstly,the transmission path between the source and destination nodes is divided into several non-overlapping path segments.Next,backup paths are deployed for each link in the path segment through segmented routing technology,which ensures fast routing recovery after failure.Additionally,in order to avoid damaging the QoS of the data stream through the failure recovery process,the transmission is guaranteed by the intersegment QoS complement.The experimental results show that the proposed method has a low failure recovery delay under a relatively small flow table cost.展开更多
Software-defined networking (SDN) decouples the data and control planes. However, attackers can lead catastrophic results to the whole network using manipulated flooding packets, called the data-to-control-plane satur...Software-defined networking (SDN) decouples the data and control planes. However, attackers can lead catastrophic results to the whole network using manipulated flooding packets, called the data-to-control-plane saturation attacks. The existing methods, using centralized mitigation policies and ignoring the buffered attack flows, involve extra network entities and make benign traffic suffer from long network recovery delays. For these purposes, we propose LFSDM, a saturation attack detection and mitigation system, which solves these challenges by leveraging three new techniques: 1) using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and extracting a novel feature called control channel occupation rate (CCOR) to detect the attacks, 2) adopting the distributed mitigation agents to reduce the number of involved network entities and, 3) cleaning up the buffered attack flows to enable fast recovery. Experiments show that our system can detect the attacks timely and accurately. More importantly, compared with the previous work, we save 81% of the network recovery delay under attacks ranging from 1,000 to 4,000 packets per second (PPS) on average, and 87% of the network recovery delay under higher attack rates with PPS ranging from 5,000 to 30,000.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51177133)
文摘This paper presents an asymmetric anode structure and cathode extraction fast and soft recovery diode.The device anode is partial-heavily doped and partial-lightly doped.Theregion is introduced into the cathode.Firstly,the characteristics of the diode are simulated and analyzed.Secondly,the diode was fabricated and its characteristics were tested.The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results.The results show that,compared with the P–i–N diode,although the forward conduction characteristic of the diode is declined,the reverse recovery peak current is reduced by 47%,the reverse recovery time is shortened by 20%and the softness factor is doubled.In addition,the breakdown voltage is increased by 10%.
文摘BACKGROUND: Fast track strategy in the management of patients undergoing intra-abdominal surgery of various types has emerged as a landmark approach to reduce surgical stress and accelerate recovery. This study was to evaluate the effect of fast track strategy on patients subjected to pancreaticoduo-denectomy (PD) from an individual unit during transit from low to a high volume center. METHODS: A total of 142 PD patients who had been subjected to fast track strategy between June 2008 and September 2012 were compared with 46 patients who had received convention-al surgery between January 2006 and May 2008. Comparative analysis was made of postoperative complications, postopera-tive recovery, length of hospital stay and patient readmission requirement. RESULTS: The patients subjected to fast track strategy had a faster recovery and a shorter hospital stay than those who were treated conventionally (7.8 vs 12.1 days). The intraoperative events like operative blood loss (417.9±83.8 vs 997.4 ±151.8 mL, P<0.001), blood transfused (a median of 0 vs 1 unit,P<0.001) and operative time taken (125 vs 245 minutes,P<0.001) were signiifcantly lower in the fast track group. The frequency of pancreatic ifstula (4.9% vs 13.0%) and delayed gastric empty-ing (7.0% vs 17.4%) was also signiifcantly reduced with fast track treatment. Nevertheless, the readmission rate (11.3% vs 6.5%) was found relatively higher within the fast track group. However, increased readmission rates in this study seem to be independent of fast track protocol. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary analysis suggests that the fast track approach might be beneifcial to the well-being of the patients after PD, for it accelerates the immediate clinical recovery of patients and signiifcantly shortens their length of hospital stay.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China("973"Program)(No.2013CB329104).
文摘Aiming at the problem of failure recovery in current networks,a fast failure recovery method based on equivalent cooperative routing is proposed.Firstly,the transmission path between the source and destination nodes is divided into several non-overlapping path segments.Next,backup paths are deployed for each link in the path segment through segmented routing technology,which ensures fast routing recovery after failure.Additionally,in order to avoid damaging the QoS of the data stream through the failure recovery process,the transmission is guaranteed by the intersegment QoS complement.The experimental results show that the proposed method has a low failure recovery delay under a relatively small flow table cost.
基金The work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.61972371,U19B2023 and U19B2044the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No.Y202093.
文摘Software-defined networking (SDN) decouples the data and control planes. However, attackers can lead catastrophic results to the whole network using manipulated flooding packets, called the data-to-control-plane saturation attacks. The existing methods, using centralized mitigation policies and ignoring the buffered attack flows, involve extra network entities and make benign traffic suffer from long network recovery delays. For these purposes, we propose LFSDM, a saturation attack detection and mitigation system, which solves these challenges by leveraging three new techniques: 1) using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and extracting a novel feature called control channel occupation rate (CCOR) to detect the attacks, 2) adopting the distributed mitigation agents to reduce the number of involved network entities and, 3) cleaning up the buffered attack flows to enable fast recovery. Experiments show that our system can detect the attacks timely and accurately. More importantly, compared with the previous work, we save 81% of the network recovery delay under attacks ranging from 1,000 to 4,000 packets per second (PPS) on average, and 87% of the network recovery delay under higher attack rates with PPS ranging from 5,000 to 30,000.
