Fasting plasma glucose(FPG) as a screening test for gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) has had a checkered history. During the last three decades, a few initial anecdotal reports have given way to the recent well-cond...Fasting plasma glucose(FPG) as a screening test for gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) has had a checkered history. During the last three decades, a few initial anecdotal reports have given way to the recent well-conducted studies. This review:(1) traces the history;(2) weighs the advantages and disadvantages;(3) addresses the significance in early pregnancy;(4) underscores the benefits after delivery; and(5) emphasizes the cost savings of using the FPG in the screening of GDM. It also highlights the utility of fasting capillary glucose and stresses the value of the FPG in circumventing the cumbersome oral glucose tolerance test. An understanding of all the caveats is crucial to be able to use the FPG for investigating glucose intolerance in pregnancy. Thus, all health professionals can use the patient-friendly FPG to simplify the onerous algorithms available for the screening and diagnosis of GDM-thereby helping each and every pregnant woman.展开更多
目的:探讨血清糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、甘油三酯(TG)、空腹血糖(FPG)水平与糖尿病及并发症发生的相关性。方法:选择2018年4月-2019年6月糖尿病患者145例设为观察组,给予常规方法降糖治疗,并进行12个月随访,根据患者是否发生并发症分为并...目的:探讨血清糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、甘油三酯(TG)、空腹血糖(FPG)水平与糖尿病及并发症发生的相关性。方法:选择2018年4月-2019年6月糖尿病患者145例设为观察组,给予常规方法降糖治疗,并进行12个月随访,根据患者是否发生并发症分为并发症组与非并发症组;选择同期健康体检者69例设为对照组。采用全自动生化分析仪测定各组血糖水平;采用Pearson相关性分析软件对糖尿病并发症发生率与HbA1c、FPG及TG水平进行相关性分析。结果:观察组HbA1c、2 h PG、FPG、TC、TG、LDL-C水平均高于对照组(P<0.05);HDL-C水平低于对照组(P<0.05);145例糖尿病患者经治疗后完成12个月随访,27例患者发生糖尿病并发症,发生率为18.62%。糖尿病并发症排在前2位的分别为糖尿病足、糖尿病眼病,分别占55.56%和22.22%;并发症组HbA1c、2 h PG、FPG、TC、TG、LDL-C水平均高于非并发症组(P<0.05),HDL-C水平低于非并发症组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果表明:糖尿病患者并发症发生率与HbA1c、FPG及TG水平呈正相关性(P<0.05)。结论:HbA1c、FPG及TG水平在糖尿病患者中呈高表达,其表达水平与并发症发生率存在相关性,加强HbA1c、FPG及TG水平测定能预测并发症发生,指导临床治疗。展开更多
BACKGROUND The dynamic characteristics of glucose metabolism and its risk factors in patients living with human immunodeficiency virus(PLWH)who accepted primary treatment with the efavirenz(EFV)plus lamivudine(3TC)plu...BACKGROUND The dynamic characteristics of glucose metabolism and its risk factors in patients living with human immunodeficiency virus(PLWH)who accepted primary treatment with the efavirenz(EFV)plus lamivudine(3TC)plus tenofovir(TDF)(EFV+3TC+TDF)regimen are unclear and warrant investigation.AIM To study the long-term dynamic characteristics of glucose metabolism and its contributing factors in male PLWH who accepted primary treatment with the EFV+3TC+TDF regimen for 156 wk.METHODS This study was designed using a follow-up design.Sixty-one male treatmentnaive PLWH,including 50 cases with normal glucose tolerance and 11 cases with prediabetes,were treated with the EFV+3TC+TDF regimen for 156 wk.The glucose metabolism dynamic characteristics,the main risk factors and the differences among the three CD4+count groups were analyzed.RESULTS In treatment-naive male PLWH,regardless of whether glucose metabolism disorder was present at baseline,who accepted treatment with the EFV+3TC+TDF regimen for 156 wk,a continuous increase in the fasting plasma glucose(FPG)level,the rate of impaired fasting glucose(IFG)and the glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)level were found.These changes were not due to insulin resistance but rather to significantly reduced isletβcell function,according to the homeostasis model assessment ofβcell function(HOMA-β).Moreover,the lower the baseline CD4+T-cell count was,the higher the FPG level and the lower the HOMA-βvalue.Furthermore,the main risk factors for the FPG levels were the CD3+CD8+cell count and viral load(VL),and the factors contributing to the HOMA-βvalues were the alanine aminotransferase level,VL and CD3+CD8+cell count.CONCLUSION These findings provide guidance to clinicians who are monitoring FPG levels closely and are concerned about IFG and decreased isletβcell function during antiretroviral therapy with the EFV+3TC+TDF regimen for long-term application.展开更多
文摘Fasting plasma glucose(FPG) as a screening test for gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) has had a checkered history. During the last three decades, a few initial anecdotal reports have given way to the recent well-conducted studies. This review:(1) traces the history;(2) weighs the advantages and disadvantages;(3) addresses the significance in early pregnancy;(4) underscores the benefits after delivery; and(5) emphasizes the cost savings of using the FPG in the screening of GDM. It also highlights the utility of fasting capillary glucose and stresses the value of the FPG in circumventing the cumbersome oral glucose tolerance test. An understanding of all the caveats is crucial to be able to use the FPG for investigating glucose intolerance in pregnancy. Thus, all health professionals can use the patient-friendly FPG to simplify the onerous algorithms available for the screening and diagnosis of GDM-thereby helping each and every pregnant woman.
文摘目的:探讨血清糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、甘油三酯(TG)、空腹血糖(FPG)水平与糖尿病及并发症发生的相关性。方法:选择2018年4月-2019年6月糖尿病患者145例设为观察组,给予常规方法降糖治疗,并进行12个月随访,根据患者是否发生并发症分为并发症组与非并发症组;选择同期健康体检者69例设为对照组。采用全自动生化分析仪测定各组血糖水平;采用Pearson相关性分析软件对糖尿病并发症发生率与HbA1c、FPG及TG水平进行相关性分析。结果:观察组HbA1c、2 h PG、FPG、TC、TG、LDL-C水平均高于对照组(P<0.05);HDL-C水平低于对照组(P<0.05);145例糖尿病患者经治疗后完成12个月随访,27例患者发生糖尿病并发症,发生率为18.62%。糖尿病并发症排在前2位的分别为糖尿病足、糖尿病眼病,分别占55.56%和22.22%;并发症组HbA1c、2 h PG、FPG、TC、TG、LDL-C水平均高于非并发症组(P<0.05),HDL-C水平低于非并发症组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果表明:糖尿病患者并发症发生率与HbA1c、FPG及TG水平呈正相关性(P<0.05)。结论:HbA1c、FPG及TG水平在糖尿病患者中呈高表达,其表达水平与并发症发生率存在相关性,加强HbA1c、FPG及TG水平测定能预测并发症发生,指导临床治疗。
基金Supported by The Twelfth Five-Year Project on Tackling Key Problems of National Science and Technology,No2012ZX10001-003Sichuan Province Health Commission,No. 130430 and No. 17PJ070Chengdu Municipal Health Commission,No. 2019079
文摘BACKGROUND The dynamic characteristics of glucose metabolism and its risk factors in patients living with human immunodeficiency virus(PLWH)who accepted primary treatment with the efavirenz(EFV)plus lamivudine(3TC)plus tenofovir(TDF)(EFV+3TC+TDF)regimen are unclear and warrant investigation.AIM To study the long-term dynamic characteristics of glucose metabolism and its contributing factors in male PLWH who accepted primary treatment with the EFV+3TC+TDF regimen for 156 wk.METHODS This study was designed using a follow-up design.Sixty-one male treatmentnaive PLWH,including 50 cases with normal glucose tolerance and 11 cases with prediabetes,were treated with the EFV+3TC+TDF regimen for 156 wk.The glucose metabolism dynamic characteristics,the main risk factors and the differences among the three CD4+count groups were analyzed.RESULTS In treatment-naive male PLWH,regardless of whether glucose metabolism disorder was present at baseline,who accepted treatment with the EFV+3TC+TDF regimen for 156 wk,a continuous increase in the fasting plasma glucose(FPG)level,the rate of impaired fasting glucose(IFG)and the glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)level were found.These changes were not due to insulin resistance but rather to significantly reduced isletβcell function,according to the homeostasis model assessment ofβcell function(HOMA-β).Moreover,the lower the baseline CD4+T-cell count was,the higher the FPG level and the lower the HOMA-βvalue.Furthermore,the main risk factors for the FPG levels were the CD3+CD8+cell count and viral load(VL),and the factors contributing to the HOMA-βvalues were the alanine aminotransferase level,VL and CD3+CD8+cell count.CONCLUSION These findings provide guidance to clinicians who are monitoring FPG levels closely and are concerned about IFG and decreased isletβcell function during antiretroviral therapy with the EFV+3TC+TDF regimen for long-term application.
