Objective The mechanism through which platelet activating factor （PAF） induces cardiac electrical activity and arrhythmia is not well understood and previous studies have suggested a potential involvement of ion cha...Objective The mechanism through which platelet activating factor （PAF） induces cardiac electrical activity and arrhythmia is not well understood and previous studies have suggested a potential involvement of ion channels in its action. The present study was aimed to clarify the role of PAF in fatal arrhythmias following acute myocardia infarction （AMI） and the underlying mechanism. Methods （1） Blood PAF levels were measured among 72 AMI patients at the time of diagnosis with AMI and 48 h later, and their electrocardiogram （ECG） was recorded continuously. （2） Ischemia simulation and surface electrocardiogram were conducted in 20 pigs and their PAF levels were measured. （3） PAF perfusion and standard microelectrode recording were performed on guinea pig papillarymuscles. Results In both humans and pigs, elevated PAF levels were detected in AMI and simulated ischemia, respectively, and even higher PAF levels were found when fatal arrhythmias occurred. In guinea pig myocardium, PAF induced a shortening of action potential duration at 90% level of repolarization （APD 90 ）under non-ischemic conditions and a more pronounced shortening under early simulated ischemic conditions. Conclusion AMI and ischemia are associated with increased PAF levels in humans and pigs, which are further raised when fatal arrhythmia follows. The effects of PAF on the myocardium may be mediated by multiple ion channels.展开更多
Objectives: Causes and risk factors that result in fatal road traffic accident have not been described at the national level in Guinea yet. The goal of this study is to explore the causes and risk factors related to f...Objectives: Causes and risk factors that result in fatal road traffic accident have not been described at the national level in Guinea yet. The goal of this study is to explore the causes and risk factors related to fatal road traffic accident, identified most vulnerable road users, and inform the road traffic prevention policy in Guinea. Methods: We made a retrospective descriptive analysis based on national fatal road traffic accident data from the Department of Health Information at the Guinean Ministry of Health for year 2011. Results: In 2011, road traffic accident was responsible for an aggregate number of 1655 deaths with an overall death rate of 15.3 per 100,000 population. Male experienced more than twice the risk of death from road traffic accidents (21.9 deaths per 100,000 population) compared with female (9.0 deaths per 100,000 population). While taking the population as a whole, the highest death rate was found among the middle aged in 35 - 49 age group accounting for (29.7 deaths per 100,000 population), followed successively by young adults age group 25 - 34 years (24.6 deaths per 100,000 population), and the middle aged in 50 - 64 age group (22.9 deaths per 100,000 population). Principally, occupants, motorcyclists and pedestrians sustained considerable burden of deaths respectively (9.2;2.9;2.2 per 100,000 population). In re-gional setting, the highest death rate was found in Upper Guinea (19.5 per 100,000 population), followed by Forest Guinea (18.7 per 100,000 population) and Middle Guinea (16.8 per 100,000 population). A large proportion of male was killed as motorcyclist than female while high per-centage of female died as occupant than male for all age group. The regional distribution showed that when a remarkable number of occupant death were observed in Upper and Forest Guinea, more people died as pedestrian and pedal cyclist in Conakry. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that most of the deaths were among occupants, motorcyclists and pedestrians, and the productive workforce aged 25 - 49 years. It was found that majority of the deaths happened in Upper Guinea followed by Forest Guinea. Improvement of roads design, strict enforcement of road safety laws and raising the awareness of general public about the causes and risks factors of road traffic accident through various channels are highly required which will promote economic growth in the local communities and then help people escape the poverty trap.展开更多
目的:探讨改良后用于磁共振评分的后循环急性卒中预后早期CT量表(MRI-PC-ASPECTS)联合美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(national institute of health stroke scale,NIHSS)及变换值预测后循环缺血性脑卒中远期预后的价值。方法:78例南通大...目的:探讨改良后用于磁共振评分的后循环急性卒中预后早期CT量表(MRI-PC-ASPECTS)联合美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(national institute of health stroke scale,NIHSS)及变换值预测后循环缺血性脑卒中远期预后的价值。方法:78例南通大学附属建湖医院神经内科住院的急性后循环缺血性卒中住院患者,根据患者3个月后改良Rankin量表(modified Rankin scale,MRS)分为好转组和不良转归组。比较2组基线资料、危险因素、NIHSS、T入院NIHSS、最高NIHSS、T最高NIHSS(42-最高NIHSS)及MRI-PC-ASPECTS。结果:2组间性别、年龄、既往病史、血压等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组间入院NIHSS、T入院NIHSS、最高NIHSS、T最高NIHSS、MRI-PC-ASPECTS指标的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线显示MRI-PC-ASPECTS+T最高NIHSS曲线下面积最大(P<0.05)。结论:改良MRI-PC-ASPECTS,T最高NIHSS可对后循环缺血性脑卒中功能预后进行早期预测,若二者联合则预测的准确性更好。展开更多
文摘Objective The mechanism through which platelet activating factor （PAF） induces cardiac electrical activity and arrhythmia is not well understood and previous studies have suggested a potential involvement of ion channels in its action. The present study was aimed to clarify the role of PAF in fatal arrhythmias following acute myocardia infarction （AMI） and the underlying mechanism. Methods （1） Blood PAF levels were measured among 72 AMI patients at the time of diagnosis with AMI and 48 h later, and their electrocardiogram （ECG） was recorded continuously. （2） Ischemia simulation and surface electrocardiogram were conducted in 20 pigs and their PAF levels were measured. （3） PAF perfusion and standard microelectrode recording were performed on guinea pig papillarymuscles. Results In both humans and pigs, elevated PAF levels were detected in AMI and simulated ischemia, respectively, and even higher PAF levels were found when fatal arrhythmias occurred. In guinea pig myocardium, PAF induced a shortening of action potential duration at 90% level of repolarization （APD 90 ）under non-ischemic conditions and a more pronounced shortening under early simulated ischemic conditions. Conclusion AMI and ischemia are associated with increased PAF levels in humans and pigs, which are further raised when fatal arrhythmia follows. The effects of PAF on the myocardium may be mediated by multiple ion channels.
文摘Objectives: Causes and risk factors that result in fatal road traffic accident have not been described at the national level in Guinea yet. The goal of this study is to explore the causes and risk factors related to fatal road traffic accident, identified most vulnerable road users, and inform the road traffic prevention policy in Guinea. Methods: We made a retrospective descriptive analysis based on national fatal road traffic accident data from the Department of Health Information at the Guinean Ministry of Health for year 2011. Results: In 2011, road traffic accident was responsible for an aggregate number of 1655 deaths with an overall death rate of 15.3 per 100,000 population. Male experienced more than twice the risk of death from road traffic accidents (21.9 deaths per 100,000 population) compared with female (9.0 deaths per 100,000 population). While taking the population as a whole, the highest death rate was found among the middle aged in 35 - 49 age group accounting for (29.7 deaths per 100,000 population), followed successively by young adults age group 25 - 34 years (24.6 deaths per 100,000 population), and the middle aged in 50 - 64 age group (22.9 deaths per 100,000 population). Principally, occupants, motorcyclists and pedestrians sustained considerable burden of deaths respectively (9.2;2.9;2.2 per 100,000 population). In re-gional setting, the highest death rate was found in Upper Guinea (19.5 per 100,000 population), followed by Forest Guinea (18.7 per 100,000 population) and Middle Guinea (16.8 per 100,000 population). A large proportion of male was killed as motorcyclist than female while high per-centage of female died as occupant than male for all age group. The regional distribution showed that when a remarkable number of occupant death were observed in Upper and Forest Guinea, more people died as pedestrian and pedal cyclist in Conakry. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that most of the deaths were among occupants, motorcyclists and pedestrians, and the productive workforce aged 25 - 49 years. It was found that majority of the deaths happened in Upper Guinea followed by Forest Guinea. Improvement of roads design, strict enforcement of road safety laws and raising the awareness of general public about the causes and risks factors of road traffic accident through various channels are highly required which will promote economic growth in the local communities and then help people escape the poverty trap.
文摘目的:探讨改良后用于磁共振评分的后循环急性卒中预后早期CT量表(MRI-PC-ASPECTS)联合美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(national institute of health stroke scale,NIHSS)及变换值预测后循环缺血性脑卒中远期预后的价值。方法:78例南通大学附属建湖医院神经内科住院的急性后循环缺血性卒中住院患者,根据患者3个月后改良Rankin量表(modified Rankin scale,MRS)分为好转组和不良转归组。比较2组基线资料、危险因素、NIHSS、T入院NIHSS、最高NIHSS、T最高NIHSS(42-最高NIHSS)及MRI-PC-ASPECTS。结果:2组间性别、年龄、既往病史、血压等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组间入院NIHSS、T入院NIHSS、最高NIHSS、T最高NIHSS、MRI-PC-ASPECTS指标的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线显示MRI-PC-ASPECTS+T最高NIHSS曲线下面积最大(P<0.05)。结论:改良MRI-PC-ASPECTS,T最高NIHSS可对后循环缺血性脑卒中功能预后进行早期预测,若二者联合则预测的准确性更好。
