Structural Styles of Fronts of Thrust-Detachment Faults in Petroleum-bearing Areas of Western China

The front of a thrust-detachment fault may have various styles such as decoupling, fold, forethrust and backthrust ones because of differences in magnitude, direction and time of the forces exerted on the fault and the inhomogeneity of rock mechanical properties. They have different characteristics and are usually associated with gravity structure, inverse structure and diapir structure. These structures exist together in the same thrust-detachment fault and can influence, compensate for and convert into each other. They provide important grounds not only for the study of the dynamic state, propagation mode, evolutionary process and formation mechanism but also for the analysis of the petroleum generation, migration, accumulation and preservation and arrangement of drill holes in foreland basins.

塔里木盆地台盆区走滑断裂带多层叠加样式及石油地质意义

随着塔里木盆地油气勘探的不断深入,在台盆区古生界发现大规模走滑断裂系统,提出了一种新型断溶体油气藏。受塔里木盆地多期构造运动的影响,走滑断裂表现出多层结构,具有多期叠加活动特征。基于高品质三维地震资料、钻井资料及油气地质资料,对塔里木盆地大型走滑断裂的多层叠加特征及对油气的控制作用展开研究。研究结果表明:塔里木盆地台盆区走滑断裂带在古生界主要发育5个结构层,分别为下寒武统盐下构造层、中寒武统盐构造层、上寒武统—中奥陶统碳酸盐岩构造层、上奥陶统—石炭系碎屑岩构造层和二叠系岩浆岩构造层;受多期构造运动及走滑断裂带活动的影响,5层结构在空间上具有带状分布、垂向叠置、差异叠加的特征;断裂叠加类型多样,总体上可以分为连接型、叠接型、反转叠加型及反转改造型4种;走滑断裂带叠加方式影响了石油地质条件,可形成多层差异聚集油气藏,主要包括Ⅰ型油气藏(奥陶系碳酸盐岩油气藏)、Ⅱ型油气藏(奥陶系碳酸盐岩油气藏、志留系碎屑岩油气藏及二叠系岩浆岩油气藏)及Ⅲ型油气藏(寒武系盐下层白云岩油气藏)3种类型。

松辽盆地德惠断陷白垩系火石岭组凝灰岩储层预测及成藏主控因素

基于钻井岩心分析、测井曲线、地震等资料,运用模型正演、多参数反演体融合技术等,对松辽盆地德惠断陷白垩系火石岭组凝灰岩储层分布特征及油气富集条件进行了研究,预测了优质储层分布。研究结果表明:(1)松辽盆地德惠断陷白垩系火石岭组凝灰岩为裂隙式喷发形成的火山碎屑岩,主要为含角砾熔结凝灰岩、含角砾晶屑凝灰岩和沉凝灰岩。地震反射特征总体表现为低频、差连续、中强振幅或弱振幅,多参数反演体融合体技术预测的凝灰岩储层“甜点”分布与钻井证实结果的符合率高,凝灰岩储层平均钻遇率达92.8%,气层平均钻遇率为81.0%,其中12口井获得了工业气流;华家构造带与郭家断阶带储层岩性分别以含角砾熔结凝灰岩和含角砾晶屑凝灰岩为主,断裂发育,是2个优质储层发育区。(2)研究区凝灰岩的测井和地震相特征相匹配形成的岩性-岩相模板可有效指导凝灰岩的地震相识别,振幅属性刻画出的火山口相、近火山岩相为有利岩性分布区。(3)研究区发育火石岭组、沙河子组、营城组3套优质烃源岩厚度均超过300 m,TOC值分别为0.26%~5.08%,0.10%~5.55%,0.10%~9.74%,S1+S2分别为0.24~8.23 mg/g,0.12~18.15 mg/g,0.25~2.86 mg/g,Ro分别为0.6%~1.3%,1.1%~1.6%,1.0%~2.2%,具有丰度高,成熟度中等的特征,为大规模成藏奠定了良好的物质基础。(4)研究区凝灰岩气藏是一套源储侧向对接、高位富集的致密气藏,成藏主要受构造样式、断裂发育程度和供烃窗口控制,其中拉张和伸展作用形成的叠瓦状断弯褶皱控制了油气富集程度,断裂发育程度及供烃窗口的大小决定了气藏规模。

黄河口凹陷渤中34-A构造成藏差异性及主控因素

为厘清本区油气成藏差异性的主控因素,基于钻井、三维地震及地质资料对渤中34-A含油气构造区域构造、储层展布特征及相互关系进行剖析,系统性分析了断裂组合样式、断裂活动性及断砂耦合对油气分布的控制作用。首先,断裂组合样式和活动性控制圈闭演化特征;其次,断裂系统活动性与油气成藏“时-空-源”耦合控制油气运聚;断-砂耦合控制油气差异分布;最后,该认识对黄河口凹陷斜坡带及同类构造油气成藏规律和勘探部署具有指导意义。

Characteristics of strike-slip inversion structures of the Karatau fault and their petroleum geological significances in the South Turgay Basin,Kazakhstan

The Karatau fault is one of the important strike-slip faults in central Asia,and the South Turgay Basin is located towards its northern end.Detailed seismic interpretation indicated that the strikeslip tectonism of the Karatau fault weakened gradually from west to east in the South Turgay Basin.Typical flower structures developed on the section,and strike-slip faults showed an echelon pattern on planar view.The Karatau strike-slip fault affected the South Turgay Basin in two periods：（1） The South Turgay strike-slip pull-apart rift basin formed as a result of regional extensive stress in the Early-Middle Jurassic,characterized by the juxtaposition of horsts and grabens.The formation of horsts provided favorable reservoir spaces for later hydrocarbon accumulation,and different filling stages of grabens controlled different reservoir-forming factors in grabens.（2） Two stages of tectonic inversion occurred in the Late Jurassic and Late Cretaceous and played a crucial role in the final shape of the structure in the South Turgay Basin.The oil and gas migrated to form reservoirs and mainly concentrated in the horsts,graben slopes and in both sides of the strike-slip fault zone.In the case of the degree of accumulation of petroleum,the factor explaining why horsts are better than grabens is the strike-slip pull-apart of the South Turgay Basin,and the structure inversion of the South Turgay Basin explains why the west graben is better than the east one.Overall,the Karatau strike-slip fault played a very important role in the formation of the South Turgay Basin and its hydrocarbon accumulations.

基于S-LSSF的小样本滚动轴承故障诊断研究

文中针对滚动轴承故障诊断中滚动轴承故障样本不足的问题,提出基于S-LSSF的滚动轴承故障诊断模型,将Sty-leGan2-ada运用在轴承故障诊断领域。首先利用连续小波变换将时域振动信号转化为时频图像输入StyleGan2-ada生成对应的样本,然后将原始样本和生成样本合并输入改进的ShuffleNetV2模型。在反向传播过程中引入LabelSoomthloss损失函数,降低错误标签对模型诊断性能的影响,进一步抑制过拟合在下采样单元引入LeakyReLU函数解决梯度消失的问题。实验结果表明:S-LSSF模型与原模型相比诊断准确率提高了1.9%,并且平均用时缩短了5 s。与原始样本相比,使用生成样本训练模型后其准确率、精确率、召回率和F1分数分别提高了3.58%、5.71%、6.15%和6.06%,验证了S-LSSF模型在小样本条件下轴承故障诊断的可行性和泛化性。

Folding Style of the Kuh-e Siah Anticline in the Sarvestan Area, Interior Fars, Zagros, Iran

The Kuh-e Siah anticline is located in the Sarvestan area of the Fars province (186 km to Persian Gulf) and Interior Fars sub basin. This anticline is a fault bend fold and is located in the Sarvestan fault zone with Northwest-Southeast trend. The Sarvestan fault zone has caused main deformation by dextral strike slip activity in southern part of the Zagros fold-thrust belt. The main aim of this paper is to determine of fold style elements and folding pattern of the Kuh-e Siah anticline. This paper presents part of the results of a regional study of the Fars province in the Zagros Simply folded belt, based on original fieldwork, satellite images, structural sections, geological maps and well data. In addition, we used some software as Global Mapper and Tectonics FP for prepared some data. Folds, which are close sideways, are neutral and these require special attention. It is remarkable that, in all sections of the Kuh-e Siah anticline, fold type is close and in the middle part of the anticline, fold type is different with other parts. In the middle part, fold type is upright-moderately gently plunging. On the other hand, in northwestern and southeastern parts fold type is similar together. These results maybe show that fold style follow that fold sigmoidal shape that created with two-fault segment of the Sarvestan fault zone in the study area. Therefore, it seems that the Kuh-e Siah anticline has suffered high deformation in the Sarvestan fault zone and this fault zone has created shear zone.

The Unique Folding Style in the Zagros Simply Folded Belt, the Kuh-e Qazi Anticline, South Iran

The study area is located in the Zagros Simply Folded Belt of Iran and in the interior Fars sub-basin (175 km from Persian Gulf). The Zagros fold-thrust belt is home to one of the largest petroleum producing reservoirs in the world. Structures in this area have complications and the study anticline has unique structures in the Fars region. In the study area, the Kuh-e Qazi anticline due to special fold style and rotation toward Northeast is the unique structure between anticlines of the Zagros belt. This anticline is fault bend fold and plunge of the anticline in eastern part rotated toward Northeast along with the Nezamabad fault trend. In this area, the Kuh-e Qazi anticline has asymmetric structures and some faults such as the Nezamabad and the Sarvestan strike slip fault effect on this anticline. The geometry of anticlines in the Zagros fold-thrust belt is affected by the type of deformation and mechanical behavior of stratigraphic units specially detachment units. The purpose of this research is to determine of folding pattern of the Kuh-e Qazi anticline and define structural features affected on them in the study area. This paper presents a part of the results of a regional study of the Fars province in the Zagros Simply Folded Belt, based on original fieldwork, satellite images, structural sections, geological maps and well data. Also, we use some software as Global Mapper and Tectonics FP for preparing some data.?Based on the research, which have been done, the boundary between ductile and frictional substrates causes rotation as a result of lateral, along-strike migration of the ductile substrate. The ductile or viscose layer in the study area is Hormuz Series. Due to lack or thinning of Hormuz salt over the Gavbandi basement high and in the eastern side of the Nezamabad basement fault, causes translation of strain and anticlockwise rotation in Southeast of the Kuh-e Qazi anticline toward Northwest unlike foreland basin due to the Nezamabad fault activity. This style between all of the anticlines in the study area is unique that rotates unlike foreland basin. In addition, influence on anticlockwise rotation, extensional stress has been created and then salt dome cropping out in Southeast of the Kuh-Qazi anticline. One of the best evidence for effect of extensional stress is triangular facets in this part of the study anticline. Based on folding analysis (geometry of axial plane and fold orientation), it is clearly confirmed that the translation of strain and anticlockwise rotation in Southeast of the Kuh-e Qazi anticline toward Northwest has been formed by basement fault activity as the Nezamabad fault in the boundary between ductile and frictional substrates of the study area.

The Elements of Fold Style Analysis in the Khaftar Anticline, Zagros, Iran

The Study area is located in the Zagros Simply Folded Belt of Iran and in the interior Fars sub-basin. The Khaftar anticline is located in the West, North-West of Jahrom city in the Fars province (148 km distance from Persian Gulf). The trend of Khaftar anticline has three orientations, consist of North-Northeast, East-West and South-Southwest. This anticline has asymmetric structure and some faults with large strike separation observed in this anticline. In the study area, stratigraphic units are affected by many faults in this area. Also one salt plug cropping out in the middle part of the Khaftar anticline. Maybe this salt plug affected on the stratigraphic units and geometry of structure. Description of fold geometry is important because it allows comparisons within and between folds and allow us to recognize patterns in the occurrence and distribution of fold systems. The main aim of this paper is determination of fold style elements and folding pattern of the Khaftar anticline. This paper presents a part of the results of a regional study of the Fars province in the Zagros Simply folded belt, based on satellite images, geological maps, and well data. Some data, such as geological maps and geological regional data were prepared and provided by the National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC). Because of the Khaftar anticline, has complex structure, the analysis of fold style elements is seems necessary. Therefore, in further studies on this structure the changes of fold style elements will be analyzed and investigated from east to west in the different parts of this anticline. The activity of Nezamabad sinistral strike slip fault in the Khaftar anticline causes changes of axial plane characteristics and fold axis. Some of the results such as folding style analysis, how position of salt plug, changes of fold type and main structural changes (rotation of fold axis and 2.5 km displacement in this anticline) show main changes in the middle parts of the Khaftar anticline. It seems that, these changes have formed by activity of the Nezamabad fault and this fault’s activity same as fault zone.

Structural Style in the Khalfani Anticline, Coastal Fars, Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt

The Khalfani anticline is located in the Coastal Fars (Zagros, adjacent Persian Gulf). This anticline with Northwest-Southeast trend is a fault bend fold. In the study area, the Khalfani anticline has increased elevation from West to East with three distinct humps. The major faults in the study area are the Hendurabi and the Razak sinistral strike slip faults. Because analysis of fold and their folding styles in different parts system is important, the analysis of folding style elements is necessary for structural studies. The main aim of this research is structural style analysis based on fold style elements in the Khalfani anticline. This analysis is important for progress in hydrocarbons exploration in the Coastal Fars area. In this research, we used Tectonics FP and Global Mapper Software for preparing some data in our study. In addition, we used the common classification of folds for our research. Based on given results, the folding pattern of this anticline has indicated that the fold style is same in different parts of the Khalfani anticline. In the study area, based on classifications of fold in different methods, fold style is same together. Fold, with close sideways requires special attention as structural view;then the Khalfani Anticline with close style in all parts has special deformation and folding style. It seems that in the study area, folding style and variation of structural style have been created by effect of the Razak and the Hendurabi sinistral strike slip fault. Because these faults are basement or deep-seated faults, special folding style and special deformation can be formed in the study area. In addition, the Khalfani anticline in the study area has restricted within the Razak and the Hendurabi sinistral strike slip faults.

Hydrocarbon Trap and Folding Style of the Pishvar Anticline, Sub-Coastal Fars, Zagros

The Pishvar anticline with Northwest-Southeast trend is located in the Sub-Coastal Fars area. This anticline with 80 Km length and 5 - 7 Km width is located in western part of the Lar area. The Pishvar anticline has two closures that are separated together by smooth down-warp. The oldest units that have outcropped on the surfaces are Asmari and Jahrom Formations. The most faults that observed on the Pishvar anticline are Normal fault. In the study area, the Razak and Hendurabi faults are main faults. These faults are strike slip with sinistral displacement. This anticline has greater dip in Northern flank compared to Southern flank. In this research, the main aim is folding style analysis, based on Description of fold geometry for indicate hydrocarbon trap structure in the Pishvar anticline. Description of fold geometry is important because they allow comparisons within and between folds and pattern-recognition in addition to occurrence and distribution of fold systems. We used Tectonics FP and Global Mapper Software for prepared some data in our study. In addition, we used the common classification of folds for our research. Based on results, the folding pattern of this anticline has indicated the fold style has different type in different parts of the Pishvar anticline. According to fold style variation and deformation analysis from B-B’ to C-C’ parts of the study anticline, it seems that the location of the Razak sinistral strike slip fault has existed in this parts. Fold style change can show this case. In addition, fold style variation and deformation analysis from E-E’ to F-F’ parts of this anticline has been affected of the secondary fault that is related to the Razak sinistral strike slip fault. We introduced this fault for first time. Finally, Based on results in this research, in western part there is little probability for access to hydrocarbon trap in upper horizons, unless the exploratory drilling continues to the deeper horizons.

准噶尔盆地南缘中段山前复杂构造变形特征及形成演化

准噶尔盆地南缘中段紧邻北天山山前,构造变形错综复杂。山前发育的三排构造的形成时间存在许多认识上的分歧,对演化过程中褶皱和断裂的变形叠加特征缺少系统的对比分析。笔者在前人研究的基础上,利用地震资料解释、平衡剖面恢复、构造物理模拟等研究手段,结合断层滑移距、伸展压缩速率定量分析方法,对研究区的构造变形特征和叠加演化过程进行了系统的分析。研究认为:(1)南缘中段三排构造自南向北,变形强度由强变弱;第一排背斜受控于基底卷入型断裂体系,第二、三排背斜受控于顺层滑脱型断裂体系,构造之间具有形成递进的演化关系,叠加形成多种复合构造样式。(2)断层滑移距总体“由深至浅”逐渐变小,具有继承性发育的特点;主干断裂滑移距存在明显的拐点,是多期次活动的有力证据。(3)基底大型逆冲断裂是先存断裂,后期继承性发育;基底卷入型褶皱-冲断带是褶皱作用发生在逆冲断裂之前,后期表现出边断边褶特征;滑脱型褶皱-冲断带是冲断和褶皱同时或冲断先于褶皱形成。(4)第一排背斜形成于侏罗纪末期,第二排背斜在此时期形成微弱雏形,并在古近纪末期形成明显轮廓;第三排背斜形成于新近纪末期;第四纪至今的强大挤压作用使3排背斜被断裂强烈改造。

哈拉哈塘地区超深层走滑断裂构造变形特征及其石油地质意义

塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘地区走滑断裂控制着碳酸盐岩储层的发育和油气的富集。受多期构造活动和地层岩性差异的影响,哈拉哈塘地区走滑断裂的空间结构多样、断裂演化过程复杂,走滑断裂带结构差异对油气富集的控制机理仍存在争议。本文基于高精度三维地震资料、钻井资料的一体化研究,建立起哈拉哈塘地区走滑断裂的空间变形样式及分层分段模型。通过分析走滑断裂控制下的单井油气产能差异,明确了走滑断裂构造变形差异对油气富集的控制作用。结果表明:(1)该区走滑断裂在平面上具有分段特征,断裂带相互交切导致断裂空间结构复杂,形成多种组合样式,单一断裂带可划分为尾部、主位移带、叠接区以及断裂间截切部位,共发育9种平面样式,分别是尾部的羽状、马尾状、雁裂状样式,主位移带发育的线性及分支型样式,断裂叠接部位发育的辫状及软连接型样式,截切部位的交汇型和终止型样式。走滑断裂变形特征符合Riedel剪切模型,主干断裂周围发育分支断裂,断裂的发育以生长连接为主,截切部位伴随有断裂相继滑动引起的调节变形;(2)走滑断裂的纵向分层变形控制着油气的运移和成藏过程。断裂贯穿膏岩层是油气向上运移的关键。奥陶系碳酸盐岩的改造作用控制着油气的储集规模及连通性,志留系碎屑岩层内的构造活动影响着油气的充注和保存;(3)哈拉哈塘地区油气富集规律受控于断裂样式,高产井主要集中分布在断裂带尾部马尾状、羽状的主干-分支交汇部位,叠接段辫状的构造高部位以及主干断裂交汇区。预测成果得到超深井验证,吻合率较高,对超深层井位部署工作具有指导意义。

准噶尔—北天山盆山过渡带断裂系统发育特征及地质意义

准噶尔—北天山盆山过渡带自古生代以来经历了多期构造运动的叠加改造,断裂系统错综复杂,相互叠加,改造着褶皱构造的形态,控制着油气成藏过程。目前对盆山过渡带断裂体系的展布特征、发育规模和复杂程度缺少系统研究。本文综合运用野外踏勘、地震资料解释,结合断层像素长度、分形维数等定量分析方法,对研究区断裂系统发育特征和差异性进行了系统分析。研究认为:1)盆山过渡带断裂整体呈NWW向展布;以挤压构造样式为主,其次为走滑构造样式,反映研究区整体受控于压扭应力背景;北天山内部断裂构造样式、发育数量及规模多于山前带,反映了北天山内部地质构造和应力场的复杂性。2)盆山过渡带断裂发育具有很好的分形分维特征,山前带断裂分形维数值为1.207,北天山内部断裂分形维数值为1.485,表明北天山内部断裂构造发育和复杂程度明显高于山前带。3)盆山过渡带断裂的发育程度和复杂变形程度整体表现为由南向北、由东向西逐渐减弱,南北方向的差异与地层能干性及构造应力在传递过程中不断损耗,逐渐减弱有关;东西方向的差异与区域走滑断裂的调节和逆冲推覆过程中主应力面并非保持水平而是向东发生倾斜有关。研究成果对了解研究区应力场分布和指导山前带油气地质勘探具有重要意义。

陆坡逆冲-变换构造对重力流水道的控制作用——以西非陆坡某区中新统深水沉积体系为例

重力流水道是深水油气勘探的重要目标之一,近年来的勘探实践揭示了陆坡逆冲构造区重力流水道复杂的分布特征。以西非陆坡某研究区为例,综合应用地质和地震资料,阐明逆冲-变换构造微地貌的类型、成因和对重力流水道的控制作用。中新世由重力滑动作用引发的逆冲断层主导了研究区地貌格局。东、西2套逆冲断裂体系沿下伏厚层超压泥岩中不同深度的滑脱面发育,导致位移缩短量不同,这是二者构造样式与活动强度差异的主因。不同逆冲断裂体系间的位移量差异及沿单一逆冲断层走向的位移量变化使研究区内发育多种变换构造。从成因的角度归纳出在逆冲-变换构造的综合作用下发育5种微地貌样式:三角形断背斜、捩断层-底辟背斜、逆断层连接沟谷、捩断层斜坡和走向凹槽。同期重力流水道在逆冲-变换构造微地貌的影响下表现出遇障碍转向、穿越断层相关构造和两侧受限制等3种分布样式:三角形断背斜和捩断层-底辟背斜使顺陆坡方向的重力流水道转向;逆断层连接沟谷和捩断层斜坡边缘使重力流水道容易从此处穿越;走向凹槽将重力流水道限制于其中。该研究为针对重力流水道储层的地震解释提供了一种新的思路。

鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格东二区走滑断裂结构特征及其对流体分布的控制作用

鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格东二区走滑断裂结构复杂,断裂控制下的流体差异富集规律及分布特征认识一直不清楚,严重制约了区内目的层有利目标优选及开发调整。针对上述存在的问题,本次研究在地震资料精细地质解释的基础上,开展断裂结构解析,明确断裂的分期、分段特征及其对流体分布的差异控制作用。研究结果表明:(1)研究区走滑断裂在剖面上存在单断类和组合类共2类5型剖面构造样式,平面上组合出线性、斜列式、叠置状、羽状和辫状5种平面结构样式;(2)走滑断裂经历了加里东期—早燕山期挤压、燕山中晚期走滑和喜山期拉张3期构造演化阶段,从深层到浅层断裂结构经历了单断型、花状、雁列式的演化,平面上根据断裂结构样式差异自西向东发育线性剪切段、派生剪切段和混合剪切段3段;(3)不同结构样式的断裂控制不同的流体差异富集模式,研究区共发育单断-封闭-稳产上升型、组合-开启-低产速降型、拉分-半开启-高产缓降型和剪切-半开启-低产缓降型4类流体差异富集模式,其中单断-封闭-稳产上升型和拉分-半开启-高产缓降型日产气量、累产气量均较高且生产稳定,是研究区天然气主要的富集区域。研究成果揭示了走滑断裂对致密砂岩储层流体差异富集的重要控制作用,为区内下一步开发调整指明方向。

旋转平面型正断层向铲式正断层的递进演化过程:以渤海湾盆地牛庄洼陷的断裂系统为例

基于渤海湾盆地牛庄洼陷的3D地震精细构造解释成果,本文揭示了伸展盆地内部正断层由旋转正断层向连通的铲式正断层递进演化过程,该演化过程划分为4个阶段:以旋转平面型正断层为主要类型的初始阶段,以多米诺断阶为主要类型的发展阶段,以单条独立铲式正断层为主要类型的成熟阶段以及以连通铲式正断层为主要类型的高成熟阶段;并建立了在伸展量的递进增加且浅层存在滑脱层的地质条件下,旋转平面型正断层向铲式正断层递进演化模式。通过分析研究区剖面伸展量数据以及系列断层断距的变化,认为伸展量在不同级别断裂(主干断裂与次级断裂)之间的分配方式是研究区该递进演化过程的主控因素。本文提出的伸展盆地内部正断层递进演化过程及其模式将有助于丰富与完善伸展盆地正断层递进演化理论,同时也可为伸展量较大的背景下,正断层样式演化程度较低的现象提供一种新的成因解释。

乌石凹陷东洼伸展滑脱断裂演化特征及识别

滑脱断裂在断陷盆地中普遍发育,对油气成藏具有重要控制作用。通过对乌石凹陷海底电缆地震资料的精细解释,在乌石凹陷东洼首次识别出伸展滑脱断裂体系,流二段厚层泥岩、高角度斜坡和渐新世强烈拉张作用分别是其发育的重要物质条件、几何学条件和动力学条件。基于平衡剖面分析将其形成过程划分为3个阶段:高角度正断层形成阶段、高角度正断层向低角度正断层递变阶段、低角度正断层上覆地层滑动阶段。基于伸展滑脱断裂在地震剖面上的几何学和运动学特征,建立了伸展滑脱断裂断距不协调、非三角形减薄以及非沉积超覆等3种典型识别标志,并总结了伸展滑脱断裂旋转型、非旋转型、叠瓦状构造型、双重构造型等4种构造样式。该研究对乌石凹陷油气勘探具有重要理论和指导意义。

梨树断陷秦家屯断裂带构造特征与演化

梨树断陷位于松辽盆地东南部的隆起内,近年来显示出较好的天然气远景。秦家屯断裂带是梨树断陷东部斜坡带上发育的一个重要构造断裂带。该地区经历多期构造演化,具有断裂发育复杂、地层破碎、构造样式多变等特点。由于构造条件的复杂性,目前对于断裂特征及其周围构造的研究尚有不足。本文研究认为,秦家屯地区以发育伸展构造为特征,同时也发育走滑断裂。区内构造样式多样,包括由正断层组合形成的地堑和地垒、阶梯状断裂组合、“Y”字型断裂组合和走滑断裂伴生的花状构造等。研究区内构造发育与三条主干断裂息息相关,因此将工区分为三个主要构造带:小宽断裂带、中央正断裂发育带及秦家屯走滑断裂带。梨树断陷自火石岭期以来经历多个演化阶段。研究区构造演化与梨树坳陷基本一致,经历了断陷、断坳转化、坳陷、坳陷后期几个阶段,最终定型为现今的构造格局。

悬臂斗轮堆取料机的常见故障以及预防控制

随着我国五金加工行业的创新发展,相关技术水平及设备性能全面提升,在生产阶段所应用到的作业设备类别及数量较多,其中就包括悬臂斗轮堆取料机,其作为取料输送的重要设备,运行性能及可靠性直接影响着五金加工生产效率及安全性。由此相关人员需结合悬臂斗轮堆取料机的特点,在使用过程中加强对常见故障的分析,并采取有效的预防控制措施,尽可能消除悬臂斗轮堆取料机的运行隐患,提高五金加工的生产效率。