Extension of Chemoprevention of Seasonal Malaria to Five Cycles and to Children from the Age of 6 to 9 Years in Africa: Analysis of Its Acceptability, Feasibility, Cost and Impact A Systematic Review

Introduction: Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) aims at preventing malaria in children during the high transmission season. It has been recommended by the WHO since 2013 for children from the age of 3-59 months. However, despite the impact of this intervention, a peak in the prevalence and incidence of malaria is observed in children from the age of 5-9 years. The aim of this study is to determine from the current literature the feasibility, impact and cost-effectiveness of extending SMC to five cycles and to older children. Methods: A litterature search of PubMed/Medline, NCBI and Google scholar identified 1333 articles. After reading the titles and abstracts by two authors, 24 articles were selected and submitted for full reading. Random control studies on the extension of SMC, malaria, feasibility of SMC, impact of SMC and cost-effectiveness of SMC were selected. A total of 16 articles were included for the qualitative synthesis after excluding 8 studies. Results: Following the summary of the evidence, we conclude that the extension is feasible but will be confronted with the unavailability of older children. The intervention period coincides with field work. SMC is effective in reducing the prevalence and incidence of malaria and the parasite density in children. The financial cost of administering SMC is lower than that of treating a child suffering from malaria. Conclusion: After analysing the information, it was found that the majority of the African population supports the extension of the SMC to the number of cycles and the age group in order to alleviate the high mortality and morbidity rates among children due to malaria.

Potential applications of 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging in paediatric neuroimaging:Feasibility and challenges

The integration of 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging(7 T MRI)in adult patients has marked a revolutionary stride in radiology.In this article we explore the feasibility of 7 T MRI in paediatric practice,emphasizing its feasibility,applications,challenges,and safety considerations.The heightened resolution and tissue contrast of 7 T MRI offer unprecedented diagnostic accuracy,particularly in neuroimaging.Applications range from neuro-oncology to neonatal brain imaging,showcasing its efficacy in detecting subtle structural abnormalities and providing enhanced insights into neurological conditions.Despite the promise,challenges such as high cost,discomfort,and safety concerns necessitate careful consideration.Research suggests that,with precautions,7 T MRI is feasible in paediatrics,yet ongoing studies and safety assessments are imperative.

Feasibility and Path Analysis of Integrating Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education into“One-Stop”Student Communities

The“one-stop”student community provides new support for innovation and entrepreneurship education in universities.Integrating innovation and entrepreneurship education into the“one-stop”student community work enriches course materials,integrates teacher resources,improves students’participation in innovation and entrepreneurship,and solves problems such as low student participation,lack of course resources,insufficient teacher resources,and single evaluation methods in traditional classrooms.Through various means such as exploring course resources,innovating management models,and strengthening team construction,the role of“one-stop”student communities in innovation and entrepreneurship education has been fully utilized,promoting the development of innovation and entrepreneurship education.

Research on the feasibility of storage and estimation model of storage capacity of CO_(2)in fissures of coal mine old goaf

The concept of the carbon cycle in the old goaf of a coal mine based on CO_(2)utilization and storage was put forward adhering to the principle of low-carbon development,utilization of space resources in old goafs,and associated gas resources development.Firstly,the evolution characteristics of overburden fissures in the goaf of the case was studied using a two-dimensional physical similarity simulation test,the sealing performance of the caprocks after stabilization was analyzed,and the fissures were counted and classi-fied.Then,the process of gaseous CO_(2)injection in the connected fissure was simulated by Ansys Fluent software,and the migration law and distribution characteristics of CO_(2)under the condition of gaseous CO_(2)injection were analyzed.Finally,the estimation models of free CO_(2)storage capacity in the old goaf were constructed considering the proportion of connected fissure and the effectiveness of CO_(2)injection.The CO_(2)storage capacity in the old goaf of the case coal mine was estimated.The results showed that a caprock group of“hard-thickness low-permeability hard-thickness”was formed after the caprock-fissures system in the goaf of the case tended to be stable vertically.The connected fissure,occlude cracks,and micro-fractures in the goaf accounted for 85.5%,8.5%,and 6%of the total fissures,respectively.Gaseous CO_(2)first migrated to the bottom of the connected fissure after CO_(2)was injected into the goaf,then spread horizontally along the bottom of the connected fissure after reaching the bottom,and finally spread longitudinally after filling the bottom of the entire connected fissure.The theoretical and effective storage capacities of free CO_(2)at normal temperature and pressure in the old goaf of the case were 9757 and 7477 t,respectively.The effective storage capacity of free CO_(2)at normal temperature and pressure in the old goaf after all minefield mined was 193404 t.The research can provide some reference for the coal mining industry to help the goal of“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”.

Operational feasibility study of stagnation pressure reaction control for a mid-caliber non-spinning projectile

Controlled,guided munitions can reduce dispersion in the shot,while providing the capability of engaging both stationary and maneuvering targets.The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research has developed a fin-less control technology called Stagnation Pressure Reaction Control(SPRC)that takes stagnation pressure air and directs it sideways to control non-spinning projectiles.In a previous study,this technology was demonstrated at Mach 2 wind-tunnel conditions to achieve up to 1.5°controllable angle of incidence for a non-spinning,aerodynamically unstable projectile-like test object.In an operational scenario,the decelerating projectile will experience a decline in control force while the simultaneous forward shift of the center of pressure increases the need for control force.Furthermore,angles of incidence exceeding 1.5°will be experienced under realistic flight conditions,especially against maneuvering targets.This work addresses these challenges and presents an operational feasibility study for a practical application of SPRC in a non-spinning mid-caliber gun-launched projectile,using experiment data on control latency and force of the earlier study.It illustrates the combined effect of the control-and stability dynamics and underlines the potential of an SPRC projectile as a precisionoperation ammunition.This research revealed that SPRC technology can stabilize and control the hypothesized projectile in a direct fire scenario against stationary and maneuvering targets.

New hybrid inertial CQ projection algorithms with line-search process for the split feasibility problem

In this paper, we propose two hybrid inertial CQ projection algorithms with linesearch process for the split feasibility problem. Based on the hybrid CQ projection algorithm, we firstly add the inertial term into the iteration to accelerate the convergence of the algorithm, and adopt flexible rules for selecting the stepsize and the shrinking projection region, which makes an optimal stepsize available at each iteration. The shrinking projection region is the intersection of three sets, which are the set C and two hyperplanes. Furthermore, we modify the Armijo-type line-search step in the presented algorithm to get a new algorithm.The algorithms are shown to be convergent under certain mild assumptions. Besides, numerical examples are given to show that the proposed algorithms have better performance than the general CQ algorithm.

A Feasibility Study of Using Geothermal Energy to Enhance Natural Gas Production from Offshore Gas Hydrate Reservoirs by CO_(2) Swapping

The energy industry faces a significant challenge in extracting natural gas from offshore natural gas hydrate(NGH)reservoirs,primarily due to the low productivity of wells and the high operational costs involved.The present study offers an assessment of the feasibility of utilizing geothermal energy to augment the production of natural gas from offshore gas hydrate reservoirs through the implementation of the methane-CO_(2)swapping technique.The present study expands the research scope of the authors beyond their previous publication,which exclusively examined the generation of methane from marine gas hydrates.Specifically,the current investigation explores the feasibility of utilizing the void spaces created by the extracted methane in the hydrate reservoir for carbon dioxide storage.Analytical models were employed to forecast the heat transfer from a geothermal zone to an NGH reservoir.A study was conducted utilizing data obtained from a reservoir situated in the Shenhu region of the Northern South China Sea.The findings of the model indicate that the implementation of geothermal heating can lead to a substantial enhancement in the productivity of wells located in heated reservoirs during CO_(2)swapping procedures.The non-linear relationship between the temperature of the heated reservoir and the rate of fold increase has been observed.It is anticipated that the fold of increase will surpass 5 when the gas hydrate reservoir undergoes a temperature rise from 6℃ to 16℃.The mathematical models utilized in this study did not incorporate the impact of heat convection resulting from CO_(2)flow into the gas reservoir.This factor has the potential to enhance well productivity.The mathematical models’deviation assumptions may cause over-prediction of well productivity in geothermal-stimulated reservoirs.Additional research is required to examine the impacts of temperature drawdown,heat convection resulting from depressurization,heat-induced gas pressure increment,and the presence of free gas in the formation containing hydrates.The process of CH4-CO_(2)swapping,which has been investigated,involves the utilization of geothermal stimulation.This method is highly encouraging as it enables the efficient injection of CO_(2)into gas hydrate reservoirs,resulting in the permanent sequestration of CO_(2)in a solid state.Additional research is warranted to examine the rate of mass transfer of CO_(2)within reservoirs of gas hydrates.

Feasibility of Tiotropium Bromide Treatment in Patients with Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome and its Effect on Lung Function

Objective:To explore the feasibility of tiotropium bromide therapy and its effect on the lung function of patients with asthma-COPD overlap syndrome(ACOS).Method:The 58 subjects selected in this study were all ACOS patients admitted to our hospital(Hohhot First Hospital)from October 2020 to October 2022.They were grouped according to the random number table method and divided into a control group(29 cases)and an observation group(29 cases).The control group received routine treatment plus salmeterol-fluticasone powder inhalation treatment,and the observation group received tiotropium bromide treatment.The relevant indicators of the two groups were compared.Results:The total clinical effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group.Besides,the forced vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV1)levels,and ACT scores of the two groups increased after treatment,with the observation group having better results than the control group.The residual volume-total lung capacity ratio(RV/TLC),acute exacerbation frequency,and CAT scores all decreased,with the observation group showing smaller values than the control group.The difference between the results of both groups were significant(P<0.05)Conclusion:Tiotropium bromide has a significant clinical effect in the treatment of ACOS patients and can effectively improve the lung function of patients.

无机及分析化学自主设计实验的探究和实践——以“硫酸四氨合铜(II)的制备及组成分析”为例

从教学改革的角度出发,通过增加自主设计实验来促进学生的自主学习能力和实验设计思维能力的提升。自主设计实验要求学生自主查阅文献、设计实验方案、分析方案可行性、实验探究后进行综合讨论分析。进一步培养学生独立思考、融会贯通的能力,培养查阅文献、撰写实验方案的能力,为将来的科学研究工作打下坚实基础。

历史文化街区城市更新对策及实践——建筑及用地再利用评估

建筑和用地,是历史文化街区更新的重要对象和核心资源,其再利用是历史文化街区保护性更新实施的关键对策和重要途径,对历史文化街区文化保护、活化传承、协调发展都具有重要作用。但对于建筑和用地再利用的研究大量基于定性分析,定量评估研究较少,科学性不强,落地实施困难。因此要分析我国历史文化街区保护与城市更新的关系、街区更新突出问题、更新方法的特殊性,聚焦建筑再利用和用地功能置换两个要素的可行性定量评估和潜力识别,从方法论上探索街区品质提升的实施途径。

艾司氯胺酮用于患儿核磁共振成像检查的安全性及可行性

目的探讨艾司氯胺酮在患儿核磁共振成像检查(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)中的应用价值。方法选择2022年1月—2023年5月烟台市烟台山医院和山东中医药大学附属医院收治的90例行MRI检查患儿为研究对象,随机分为Ⅰ组(采用丙泊酚)、Ⅱ组(采用右美托咪定)和Ⅲ组(采用艾司氯胺酮),各30例。比较3组镇静起效时间、MRI检查时间、苏醒时间及检查过程中发生的并发症。结果Ⅱ组镇静起效时间为(7.73±0.83)min,明显长于Ⅰ组(3.47±0.63)min和Ⅲ组(3.50±0.51)min(P<0.05)。Ⅲ组MRI检查时间明显短于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。Ⅱ组苏醒时间明显长于Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。所有患儿均无严重并发症发生。结论艾司氯胺酮可安全用于患儿MRI,起效快、苏醒快,值得临床进一步研究。

固体氧化物电解槽辅助煤电机组深度调峰技术可行性研究

常规的煤电机组灵活性改造方案,难以消除频繁快速变负荷对热力系统造成的潜在寿命折损与设备安全风险。为提高煤电机组参与深度调峰的长期安全性与经济性,以某国产超超临界二次再热1000 MW燃煤机组为应用对象,提出了基于氢储能系统的煤电机组“健康调峰”技术路线,并论证了调峰煤电制氢的间接碳减排意义。在此基础上,分析比较了不同制氢工艺与煤电厂生产条件的匹配程度,认为固体氧化物电解槽(SOEC)制氢为综合最优方案,据此给出了SOEC耦合煤电调峰的原理性设计方案,最后以年度负荷曲线对新方案进行了财务分析。计算结果表明,示例机组自第6年起每年可获得1.07亿元/年的净利润,每年减少碳排放281.92 t,同时获得设备延寿、降耗减碳等其他收益。相关结论对于指导调峰煤电机组的健康安全运行具有参考意义。

林果茶桑园与大豆间套作模式可行性分析

文章从园区小气候、营养利用、光合作用、病虫害、综合效益5个方面对林果茶桑园间套作大豆栽培模式下主栽作物与间作大豆之间的竞争关系和促进作用进行综合分析。结果表明,林果茶桑与大豆合理间套作可改善园区小气候、改良土壤养分状况、减少病虫害和杂草、提高光能利用效率,促进林果茶桑园综合效益显著提升。该间套作模式具有可行性,是一种比较理想的间套作模式。

基于拉法尔喷管的新型放空立管可行性研究

针对传统放空立管介质出口速度小、扩散高度低等缺点。文章基于理论分析和模拟的手段对新型放空立管进行可行性研究。结果表明,放空介质动能来源于进出口压差及介质焓值,放空过程是一个压降、温降过程;通过对新型放空立管合理设计,在不改变进出口条件下,可比传统立管出口速度提高37.5%~41.7%,提高可燃气体的扩散高度,降低对地面工作人员的潜在危害。该新型放空立管切实可行,可为今后放空立管的设计提供新的思路。

三维酰胺质子转移成像在原发性肝癌临床扫描可行性及图像质量评估中的初步研究

目的 评估参数优化的三维酰胺质子转移加权(3 dimensions-amide proton transfer weighted,3D-APTw)成像在原发性肝癌扫描中的图像质量并分析其临床扫描的可行性。材料与方法 前瞻性招募2020年10月至2022年2月临床怀疑原发性肝癌患者,共109例。采用飞利浦3.0 T MRI设备进行扫描,分别采集T1WI、T2WI、弥散加权成像、酰胺质子转移加权(amide proton transfer weighted,APTw)及多期增强图像。机器自动生成经过B0校正的肝脏APTw图像。计算3D-APTw成像的扫描成功率及计算成功率。采用Kendall一致性系数对观察者内及观察者间主观评分进行一致性分析,对主观评分3分以上的病例测量3D-APTw图像的信噪比(signal-to-noise ratio,SNR)、肿瘤对比噪声比(contrast-to-noise ratio,CNR)、肿瘤及肝实质的APTw值并计算各参数值的变异系数,采用组内相关系数进行观察者内及观察者间可重复性测量的一致性分析。结果 109例患者中有11例患者3D-APTw图像中病变区域存在信号缺失,扫描成功率为89.91%(98/109),剩余98例患者中78例3D-APTw图像的主观评分为3分以上,计算成功率为71.56%(78/109)。观察者内及观察者间图像质量主观评分一致性分别为0.771和0.692,P<0.01。肿瘤组织APTw值观察者内及观察者间ICC分别为0.822和0.811,肝实质APTw值、SNR及CNR观察者ICC分别为0.675、0.634、0.666,肝实质APTw值、SNR及CNR观察者间ICC分别为0.614、0.290、0.560。肿瘤组织APTw值高于肝实质[(2.55±0.08)%vs.(1.45±0.07)%],两者间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。肿瘤组织和肝实质APTw值的变异系数分别为30.40%和44.40%。SNR和CNR为25.92±18.50和3.35±3.20。SNR变异系数为71.40%,CNR变异系数为90.00%。结论 参数优化后的3D-APTw成像可以用于原发性肝癌的临床扫描,但容易受呼吸运动、胆囊或血管的影响而出现信号缺失或伪影,在参数设置及成像技术上仍有需要改进和提高的空间,以进一步优化其图像质量。

广东省污水资源化利用经济可行性评价方法研究

污水资源化利用是我国贯彻“节水优先”治水方针的一项重要战略性举措,是集水资源开源—节流—提质—增效于一体的系统治水措施。针对目前地方政府和社会资本对污水资源化利用的价值认识偏差问题,文章通过构建污水资源化利用项目的费用与效益量化计算模型,建立了适合污水资源化利用项目的费效比经济可行性评价方法。以广东省为例,定量计算了广东省实施污水资源化项目费效比,从经济角度评价了广东省推行污水资源化利用项目的可行性,结果表明,广东省实施污水资源化利用项目的费效比为0.67,产出效益明显高于投入费用,具备较强的经济可行性。相关研究方法与研究成果可以为推动我国污水资源化利用发展提供参考。

课程思政与英美文学教学

课程思政是新形势新时代背景下各大高校在人才培养方面所面临的重要课题,是实现“立德树人”这一教育根本目标的有效途径。英美文学课程是高等学校英语专业学生的必修课程之一,课程蕴含着深厚的文化底蕴和人文情怀,同时也面临着中西方的文化碰撞,因此对其进行课程思政的思考和探索显得尤为重要。本文从必要性、可操作性和容易出现的几大教学误区等三个方面讨论英美文学教学中的课程思政。

日间无管化经皮肾镜碎石取石术的临床经验总结及可行性分析 (“大家泌尿网”观看手术视频)

经皮肾镜碎石取石术是治疗上尿路结石的重要方法之一,日间无管化手术是其重要的发展方向。日间无管化经皮肾镜碎石取石术能够提高患者的住院体验并缩短住院时间,但也存在发生术后残石处理困难、输尿管引流不畅导致尿液外渗等术后并发症的风险。日间无管化经皮肾镜碎石取石术尚无指南共识指导,本文结合本中心经验及相关文献报道,总结分享日间无管化经皮肾镜手术的技术要点并探讨其常规开展的可行性。

基于全纯嵌入法的配电网光伏接纳能力评估方法

针对大规模分布式光伏接入给配电网带来的电压越限风险,提出了一种基于改进全纯嵌入法的光伏接纳能力评估方法。首先,引入离散-聚合方法对时序数据进行处理,利用所生成极端场景集代替原序列进行接纳能力评估;其次,在传统全纯嵌入模型基础上构建了自定义方向模型,进一步推导了满足电压约束的可行域范围,并将节点Sigma轨迹与可行域边界相交作为单次运算下光伏最大接纳容量的判据;然后,利用蒙特卡罗模拟生成相互独立的光伏接入方案,使用所提判据确定各方案下极端场景集对应的接纳容量;最后,统计计算结果,获取光伏接纳容量的累计分布曲线,以此确定电压越限风险下系统的光伏接纳能力。在IEEE 33节点配电网系统上验证了所提方法的有效性和可行性。

高校图书馆面向社会开放的可行性策略研究

关注到疫情防控转段后,社会公众对高校开放的呼吁日渐强烈,文章针对高校图书馆面向社会开放的现状分析、利弊分析以及需要正确处理的关系分析,开展立足高校本身及图书馆面向社会开放的可行性策略研究,并提供实现路径。