Supportive learning plays a substantial role in providing a quality edu-cation system.The evaluation of students’performance impacts their deeper insight into the subject knowledge.Specifically,it is essential to mai...Supportive learning plays a substantial role in providing a quality edu-cation system.The evaluation of students’performance impacts their deeper insight into the subject knowledge.Specifically,it is essential to maintain the baseline foundation for building a broader understanding of their careers.This research concentrates on establishing the students’knowledge relationship even in reduced samples.Here,Synthetic Minority Oversampling TEchnique(SMOTE)technique is used for pre-processing the missing value in the provided input dataset to enhance the prediction accuracy.When the initial processing is not done substantially,it leads to misleading prediction accuracy.This research concentrates on modelling an efficient classifier model to predict students’perfor-mance.Generally,the online available student dataset comprises a lesser amount of sample,and k-fold cross-validation is performed to balance the dataset.Then,the relationship among the students’performance(features)is measured using the auto-encoder.The stacked Long Short Term Memory(s-LSTM)is used to learn the previous feedback connection.The stacked model handles the provided data and the data sequence for understanding the long-term dependencies.The simula-tion is done in the MATLAB 2020a environment,and the proposed model shows a better trade-off than the existing approaches.Some evaluation metrics like pre-diction accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,AUROC,F1-score and recall are evalu-ated using the proposed model.The performance of the s?LSTM model is compared with existing approaches.The proposed model gives 89% accuracy,83% precision,86%recall,and 87%F-score.The proposed model outperforms the existing systems in terms of the earlier metrics.展开更多
Educational Data Mining(EDM)is an emergent discipline that concen-trates on the design of self-learning and adaptive approaches.Higher education institutions have started to utilize analytical tools to improve student...Educational Data Mining(EDM)is an emergent discipline that concen-trates on the design of self-learning and adaptive approaches.Higher education institutions have started to utilize analytical tools to improve students’grades and retention.Prediction of students’performance is a difficult process owing to the massive quantity of educational data.Therefore,Artificial Intelligence(AI)techniques can be used for educational data mining in a big data environ-ment.At the same time,in EDM,the feature selection process becomes necessary in creation of feature subsets.Since the feature selection performance affects the predictive performance of any model,it is important to elaborately investigate the outcome of students’performance model related to the feature selection techni-ques.With this motivation,this paper presents a new Metaheuristic Optimiza-tion-based Feature Subset Selection with an Optimal Deep Learning model(MOFSS-ODL)for predicting students’performance.In addition,the proposed model uses an isolation forest-based outlier detection approach to eliminate the existence of outliers.Besides,the Chaotic Monarch Butterfly Optimization Algo-rithm(CBOA)is used for the selection of highly related features with low com-plexity and high performance.Then,a sailfish optimizer with stacked sparse autoencoder(SFO-SSAE)approach is utilized for the classification of educational data.The MOFSS-ODL model is tested against a benchmark student’s perfor-mance data set from the UCI repository.A wide-ranging simulation analysis por-trayed the improved predictive performance of the MOFSS-ODL technique over recent approaches in terms of different measures.Compared to other methods,experimental results prove that the proposed(MOFSS-ODL)classification model does a great job of predicting students’academic progress,with an accuracy of 96.49%.展开更多
The project delves into the preliminary findings of a survey of both trainers and students on the practice of using student peer feedback in interpreting practice.It first explains the theoretical foundation which jus...The project delves into the preliminary findings of a survey of both trainers and students on the practice of using student peer feedback in interpreting practice.It first explains the theoretical foundation which justifies the use of peer feedback in interpreting practice,the research methodology and data collection.Then it brings forth specific findings concerning the implementation of peer feedback in the interpreting class followed by discussions of the role and features of student peer feedback as a means to help students ready for the booth.Analysis of the results shows that peer feedback in interpreting practice keeps students on-task,attentive and help them spot their own problems.Trainers and students themselves point to similar features of student peer feedback as focusing on comprehension of the original,word choice and numbers.The preliminary findings of the survey demonstrate the roles and features of student peer feedback in interpreting practice and point to the possible way of enhancing student’s learning curve through more effective peer feedback.展开更多
BACKGROUND Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)associated inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a unique form of IBD(PSC-IBD)with distinct clinical and histologic features from ulcerative colitis(UC)and Crohn disease(CD).I...BACKGROUND Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)associated inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a unique form of IBD(PSC-IBD)with distinct clinical and histologic features from ulcerative colitis(UC)and Crohn disease(CD).In patients with PSC and IBD,the severity of the two disease processes may depend on each other.AIM To study the histologic and clinical features of PSC patients with and without IBD.METHODS We assessed specimens from patients with UC(n=28),CD(n=10),PSC and UC(PSC-UC;n=26);PSC and CD(PSC-CD;n=6);and PSC and no IBD(PSC-no IBD;n=4)between years 1999-2013.PSC-IBD patients were matched to IBD patients without PSC by age and colitis duration.Clinical data including age,gender,age at IBD and PSC diagnoses,IBD duration,treatment,follow-up,orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT)were noted.RESULTS PSC-UC patients had more isolated right-sided disease(P=0.03),and less active inflammation in left colon,rectum(P=0.03 and P=0.0006),and overall(P=0.0005)compared to UC.They required less steroids(P=0.01)and fewer colectomies(P=0.03)than UC patients.The PSC-CD patients had more ileitis and less rectal involvement compared to PSC-UC and CD.No PSC-CD patients required OLT compared to 38%of PSC-UC(P=0.1).PSC-IBD(PSC-UC and PSCCD)patients with OLT had severe disease in the left colon and rectum(P=0.04).CONCLUSION PSC-UC represents a distinct form of IBD.The different disease phenotype in PSC-IBD patients with OLT may support liver-gut axis interaction,however warrants clinical attention and further research.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and determinants of Internet addiction among medical students at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca,Morocco.Methods:This was a cross-sectional stud...Objective:This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and determinants of Internet addiction among medical students at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca,Morocco.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study conducted among students at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy in Casablanca between October and March 2020.An online questionnaire was administered to students to collect data and internet addiction was assessed by the Young questionnaire.A score threshold≥50 was adopted to define addiction.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with internet addiction.Results:Out of a total of 4093 FMPC students enrolled in the 2020-2021 academic year,506 agreed to participate in this study,including 303 females and 203 males.The mean addiction score assessed on the Young scale was(49.08±16.11).The prevalence of Internet addiction was 44.5%(225/506,95% CI:40% to 49%).Multiple regression analysis showed that being older than 20 years(OR=0.17,95% CI:0.40 to 0.64),being female(OR=1.70,95% CI:1.04 to 2.78),being in the dissertation year(6th year)(OR=5.17,95% CI:2.23 to 11.44),having a history of psychiatric consultation(OR=2.64,95% CI:1.34 to 5.21),having divorced parents(OR=2.64,95% CI:1.05 to 5.87),use of sleeping medication(OR=2.9,95% CI:1.05 to 3.70),sleep disorders(OR=2.06,95% CI:1.25 to 3.79),sleep deprivation(OR=2.26,95% CI:1.39 to 3.65),excessive daytime sleepiness(OR=5.39,95% CI:2.19 to 13.24),anxiety disorders(OR=1.47,95% CI:1.18 to 2.30),duration of internet connection(>4 h)(OR=11.43,95% CI:4.85 to 27.66),and having frequent conflicts with parents(OR=2.37,95% CI:1.49 to 3.79)and friends(OR=0.26,95% CI:0.11 to 0.65)were independently associated with internet addiction.Conclusion:The prevalence of Internet addiction among medical students in Casablanca remains high.Targeted action on the determinants would be of great value in prevention.展开更多
The purpose of our study was to assess drinking status in middle school students and to understand the associated factors. The adjusted drinking rates were 50.9%, 39.8%, and 15.1% for lifetime, past-year, and current ...The purpose of our study was to assess drinking status in middle school students and to understand the associated factors. The adjusted drinking rates were 50.9%, 39.8%, and 15.1% for lifetime, past-year, and current drinking, respectively.展开更多
Emergencies of epistaxis in students caused by environmental pollution have rarely been reported to date. This study aimed to explore the cause of an emergency of epistaxis in elementary students by using a field epid...Emergencies of epistaxis in students caused by environmental pollution have rarely been reported to date. This study aimed to explore the cause of an emergency of epistaxis in elementary students by using a field epidemiological investigation. Twenty-two epistaxis cases from a single school with differences in gender, age, and classroom,were diagnosed within a period of 7 days. The air concentration of chromic acid mist (Cr6~) in the electroplating factory area, new campus, and residential area exceeded the limit of uncontrolled emissions. The emission of HCL and HzSO4was also observed. Formaldehyde levels in the classrooms exceeded the limits of indoor air quality. Abnormal nasal mucosa was significantly more frequent in the case group (93.3%) and control group 1 (of the same school) (66.7%) than in control group 2 (from a mountainous area with no industrial zone) (34.8%; P 〈 0.05 and P 〈 0.01, respectively). On the basis of the pre-existing local nasal mucosal lesions, excessive chromic acid mist in the school's surrounding areas and formaldehyde in the classrooms were considered to have acutely irritated the nasal mucosa, causing epistaxis. Several lessons regarding factory site selection, eradication of chemical emissions, and indoor air quality in newly decorated classrooms, should be learned from this emergency.展开更多
Skin depigmentation is a worrying practice that is gaining popularity, particularly among young girls. However, this practice poses health risks. It also reflects a negative view of black skin color. This was a cross-...Skin depigmentation is a worrying practice that is gaining popularity, particularly among young girls. However, this practice poses health risks. It also reflects a negative view of black skin color. This was a cross-sectional study carried out between April and May 2023 which involved 1039 female students from schools and universities in the Collines department selected by stratified sampling. Data was collected during a face-to-face interview using a questionnaire providing information on the demographic, socio-cultural, and economic characteristics of the girls. The depigmentation products used were identified as well as the complications caused by the use of these products. Statistical analysis made it possible to calculate the frequencies and logistic regression made it possible to identify the factors associated with depigmentation. The prevalence of depigmentation among the girls surveyed was 78.2%. The main products used were soaps based on mercurial derivative and hydroquinone (21.6%) and lotions based on hydroquinone and corticosteroids (75.7%). The factors associated with the practice of depigmentation were the ethnicity of the respondents (OR = 2.52;95% CI = [0.47 - 13.33], p = 0.001);the average monthly income of the parents (OR = 3.26;95% CI = [1.71 - 6.09], p = 0.003);the opinion of the respondents on depigmentation (OR = 2.48;95% CI = [0.84 - 7.3], p < 0.001) and the value given to light skin versus black skin (OR = 3.41;95% CI = [2.32 - 5.01], p < 0.001). In conclusion, the prevalence of depigmentation among the girls surveyed is high. Consequently, reinforced awareness measures and stricter control of bleaching products are imperative to address this high prevalence of the phenomenon.展开更多
Ensuring program satisfaction for undergraduate students in the areas of science,technology,engineering and mathematics(STEM)matters in student retention and education quality improvement.This study explores how four ...Ensuring program satisfaction for undergraduate students in the areas of science,technology,engineering and mathematics(STEM)matters in student retention and education quality improvement.This study explores how four rarely examined variables support from faculty members,interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses,disciplinary connectedness of STEM program core courses,and examination difficulty impact Chinese STEM undergraduates’program satisfaction.With data from 619 Chinese STEM undergraduates,structural equation modeling shows that course satisfaction partially mediates the impact of support from faculty members on program satisfaction,while fully mediating that of interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses and disciplinary connectedness of STEM program core courses on program satisfaction.Examination difficulty exerts no significant impact on program satisfaction neither directly nor indirectly.Support from faculty members impact course satisfaction significantly stronger for junior and senior students than for freshmen and sophomores,while interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses impact course satisfaction stronger for freshmen and sophomores than for juniors and seniors.The study ends with practical implications for the higher education reform in relevant areas.展开更多
·AIM: To determine the prevalence of asthenopia and identify any associated risk factors in the college students in Xi’an, China. · METHODS: From April to September 2012, 1 500 students from five universiti...·AIM: To determine the prevalence of asthenopia and identify any associated risk factors in the college students in Xi’an, China. · METHODS: From April to September 2012, 1 500 students from five universities in Xi’an were selected according to a multi -stage stratified cluster sampling method. Data on demographic features, lifestyle or dietary habits, health status, living environment conditions, sleep and mental status, and asthenopia symptoms were collected through a self -administered validated questionnaire. Univariate logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression analysis modified by the factor analysis were performed to evaluate risk factors for asthenopia. ·RESULTS: Fifty-seven percent of the college students complained of asthenopia. Statistically significant risk factors for asthenopia in the univariate analysis included 13 variables. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between the use of computer and asthenopia (OR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.35). Good sleep and mental status (OR 0.86, 95% CI: 0.76 to 0.97), good living environment conditions (OR 0.67, 95% CI: 0.60 to 0.76), and high intake of green leafy vegetables (OR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.80 to 0.98) were found to be strong predictors of decreasing the occurrence of asthenopia complaints. ·CONCLUSION: Asthenopia symptom appeares to be common among college students; and it is strongly associated with computer use, psychosocial state, environment conditions and dietary habits, suggesting that additional studies are warranted to verify these risk factors and establish prevention guidelines, especially for college students. ·展开更多
BACKGROUND Metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is a novel concept proposed in 2020.AIM To compare the characteristics of MAFLD and MAFLD with hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.METHODS Patients with histopatho...BACKGROUND Metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is a novel concept proposed in 2020.AIM To compare the characteristics of MAFLD and MAFLD with hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.METHODS Patients with histopathologically proven MAFLD from a single medical center were included.Patients were divided into MAFLD group(without HBV infection)and HBV-MAFLD group(with HBV infection).Propensity score matching was utilized to balance the baseline characteristics between two groups.RESULTS A total of 417 cases with MAFLD were included,359(86.1%)of whom were infected with HBV.There were significantly more males in the HBV-MAFLD group than in the MAFLD group(P<0.05).After propensity score matching,58 pairs were successfully matched with no significant differences found in gender,age,body mass index,lipid levels,liver enzymes,and the other metabolic associated comorbidities between the two groups(P>0.05).The rank sum test results showed that the degree of liver steatosis in the MAFLD group was more severe than that in the HBV-MAFLD group,while the degree of inflammation and fibrosis in the liver was less severe(P<0.05).In multivariate analysis,HBV infection was associated with significantly lower grade of hepatic steatosis[odds ratio(OR)=0.088,95%confidence interval(CI):0.027-0.291]but higher inflammation level(OR=4.059,95%CI:1.403-11.742)and fibrosis level(OR=3.016,95%CI:1.087-8.370)after adjusting for age,gender,and other metabolic parameters.CONCLUSION HBV infection is associated with similar metabolic risks,lower steatosis grade,higher inflammation,and fibrosis grade in MAFLD patients.展开更多
A distinct aridity trend in China in last 100 years is presented by applying a linear fitting to both the climate records and the hydrological records, which is supported by evidence of environmental changes and seems...A distinct aridity trend in China in last 100 years is presented by applying a linear fitting to both the climate records and the hydrological records, which is supported by evidence of environmental changes and seems to be associated with a global warming trend during this period.The Mann Kendall Rank statistic test reveals a very interesting feature that the climate of China entered into a dry regime abruptly in about 1920's, which synchronized with the rapid warming of the global temperature at almost the same time.According to an analysis of the meridional profile of observed global zonal mean precipitation anomalies during the peak period of global wanning (1930-1940), the drought occurred in whole middle latitude zone (25°N-55°N) of the Northern Hemisphere, where the most part of China is located in. Although this pattern is in good agreement with the latitude distribution of the difference of zonal mean rates of precipitation between 4 × CO2 and 1 × CO2 simulated by climate model (Manabe and Wetherald, 1983), more studies are required to understand the linkage between the aridity trend in China and the greenhouse effect.The EOF analysis of the Northern Hemisphere sea level pressure for the season of June to August shows an abrupt change of the time coefficient of its first eigenvector from positive to negative in mid-1920's, indicating an enhancement of the subtropical high over Southeast Asia and the western Pacific after that time. This is an atmospheric circulation pattern that is favorable to the development of dry climate in China.展开更多
There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the importance of data mining in educational systems. This recognition makes educational data mining a new growing research community. One way to achieve the highe...There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the importance of data mining in educational systems. This recognition makes educational data mining a new growing research community. One way to achieve the highest level of quality in a higher education system is by discovering knowledge from educational data such as students’ enrollment data. Many mining tools that aim to discover exciting correlations, frequent patterns, associations, or casual structures among sets of items in educational data sets have been proposed. One of the widely used tools is association rules. In this paper, the Apriori algorithm is used to generate association rules to discover the importance and correlation between factors that influence student’s decision to enroll in higher education institutions in Sudan. The algorithm is applied using a student’s enrollment data set that was created using a questionnaire and 800 students enrolled in governmental and private sector universities as a sample. This paper classifies factors that influence enrollment into: student’s demographic factors and four categories of enrollment related factors (Student and Society, Educational Institution, Admission, and Employment related factors), and determines the most influential factors in determining student’s decision to enroll in Sudanese universities. The analysis result shows that the Educational Institution related factors (50%) and Admission related factors (40%) are strongly influencing students’ enrollment decision, while the Employment related factors (10%) and Student and Society related factors (0%) have weak influence. The factors out of the 14 Educational Institution related factors that have a high impact are: reputation, diversity of study, quality of education, education facilities, and feasibility.展开更多
This article introduces the theory of communicative competence and explores some possible teaching strategies for developing the students' communicative competence according to the students' features in higher...This article introduces the theory of communicative competence and explores some possible teaching strategies for developing the students' communicative competence according to the students' features in higher vocational colleges.展开更多
The purposes of this research were: (1) to create a training package to prepare secondary school students in northeastern of Thailand toward ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) Community; (2) to comp...The purposes of this research were: (1) to create a training package to prepare secondary school students in northeastern of Thailand toward ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) Community; (2) to compare the knowledge of secondary school students toward ASEAN before and after use training package; and (3) the expectations of the students in the northeast of their own preparation for the ASEAN community. Experimental research was used in this research. The subject was including 2,000 students who were randomly divided into groups of seven provinces. The statistics used in data analysis were percentage, average, standard deviation, and T-test. The research results showed that: (1) a training package to prepare secondary school students in northeastern of Thailand toward ASEAN Community, the effectiveness index (E.I.) was .57, according to the established criteria; (2) a comparison of pretest and post-test results found the use of cognitive training may vary, statistically significant at the .05 level; (3) an expectation of the secondary school students in the preparation of role into ASEAN Community found that the students who participated in a concept reflect that the knowledge and attitudes to prepare themselves for the ASEAN community.展开更多
Objectives: To evaluate the difference of YAP-positive expression between GC and adjacent tissues, as well as the association of elevated YAP expression with clinicopathological features of GC. Methods: PubMed, Embase...Objectives: To evaluate the difference of YAP-positive expression between GC and adjacent tissues, as well as the association of elevated YAP expression with clinicopathological features of GC. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science databases and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched from inception up to December 2018. The pooled ORs and corresponding 95% CIs were used to assess the strength of association. The heterogeneity among eligible studies was evaluated by the Q-test and I2 values. The sensitivity analysis was performed by sequential omission of individual studies. Moreover, Begg’s test and Egger’s test were used to evaluate publication bias. Results: A total of 2229 patients from 16 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that positive YAP expression was closely correlated with GC but not adjacent non-tumor tissue (OR = 8.08, 95% CI = 4.41 - 14.80). Additionally, YAP overexpression was found to be associated with more advanced TNM stage (OR = 2.68, 95% CI = 1.61 - 4.48), deeper invasion depth (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.32 - 3.19), and lymph node metastasis (OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.29 - 2.96). No significant correlation was observed between YAP overexpression and degree of differentiation (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 0.63 - 2.16), as well as gender of patients (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 0.91 - 1.37) or tumor size (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.82 - 1.49) of gastric cancer. Conclusions: This meta-analysis demonstrated that YAP might be a promising diagnostic marker and even a therapeutic target for gastric cancer.展开更多
Datamining plays a crucial role in extractingmeaningful knowledge fromlarge-scale data repositories,such as data warehouses and databases.Association rule mining,a fundamental process in data mining,involves discoveri...Datamining plays a crucial role in extractingmeaningful knowledge fromlarge-scale data repositories,such as data warehouses and databases.Association rule mining,a fundamental process in data mining,involves discovering correlations,patterns,and causal structures within datasets.In the healthcare domain,association rules offer valuable opportunities for building knowledge bases,enabling intelligent diagnoses,and extracting invaluable information rapidly.This paper presents a novel approach called the Machine Learning based Association Rule Mining and Classification for Healthcare Data Management System(MLARMC-HDMS).The MLARMC-HDMS technique integrates classification and association rule mining(ARM)processes.Initially,the chimp optimization algorithm-based feature selection(COAFS)technique is employed within MLARMC-HDMS to select relevant attributes.Inspired by the foraging behavior of chimpanzees,the COA algorithm mimics their search strategy for food.Subsequently,the classification process utilizes stochastic gradient descent with a multilayer perceptron(SGD-MLP)model,while the Apriori algorithm determines attribute relationships.We propose a COA-based feature selection approach for medical data classification using machine learning techniques.This approach involves selecting pertinent features from medical datasets through COA and training machine learning models using the reduced feature set.We evaluate the performance of our approach on various medical datasets employing diverse machine learning classifiers.Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed approach surpasses alternative feature selection methods,achieving higher accuracy and precision rates in medical data classification tasks.The study showcases the effectiveness and efficiency of the COA-based feature selection approach in identifying relevant features,thereby enhancing the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.To provide further validation,we conduct detailed experiments on a benchmark medical dataset,revealing the superiority of the MLARMCHDMS model over other methods,with a maximum accuracy of 99.75%.Therefore,this research contributes to the advancement of feature selection techniques in medical data classification and highlights the potential for improving healthcare outcomes through accurate and efficient data analysis.The presented MLARMC-HDMS framework and COA-based feature selection approach offer valuable insights for researchers and practitioners working in the field of healthcare data mining and machine learning.展开更多
文摘Supportive learning plays a substantial role in providing a quality edu-cation system.The evaluation of students’performance impacts their deeper insight into the subject knowledge.Specifically,it is essential to maintain the baseline foundation for building a broader understanding of their careers.This research concentrates on establishing the students’knowledge relationship even in reduced samples.Here,Synthetic Minority Oversampling TEchnique(SMOTE)technique is used for pre-processing the missing value in the provided input dataset to enhance the prediction accuracy.When the initial processing is not done substantially,it leads to misleading prediction accuracy.This research concentrates on modelling an efficient classifier model to predict students’perfor-mance.Generally,the online available student dataset comprises a lesser amount of sample,and k-fold cross-validation is performed to balance the dataset.Then,the relationship among the students’performance(features)is measured using the auto-encoder.The stacked Long Short Term Memory(s-LSTM)is used to learn the previous feedback connection.The stacked model handles the provided data and the data sequence for understanding the long-term dependencies.The simula-tion is done in the MATLAB 2020a environment,and the proposed model shows a better trade-off than the existing approaches.Some evaluation metrics like pre-diction accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,AUROC,F1-score and recall are evalu-ated using the proposed model.The performance of the s?LSTM model is compared with existing approaches.The proposed model gives 89% accuracy,83% precision,86%recall,and 87%F-score.The proposed model outperforms the existing systems in terms of the earlier metrics.
文摘Educational Data Mining(EDM)is an emergent discipline that concen-trates on the design of self-learning and adaptive approaches.Higher education institutions have started to utilize analytical tools to improve students’grades and retention.Prediction of students’performance is a difficult process owing to the massive quantity of educational data.Therefore,Artificial Intelligence(AI)techniques can be used for educational data mining in a big data environ-ment.At the same time,in EDM,the feature selection process becomes necessary in creation of feature subsets.Since the feature selection performance affects the predictive performance of any model,it is important to elaborately investigate the outcome of students’performance model related to the feature selection techni-ques.With this motivation,this paper presents a new Metaheuristic Optimiza-tion-based Feature Subset Selection with an Optimal Deep Learning model(MOFSS-ODL)for predicting students’performance.In addition,the proposed model uses an isolation forest-based outlier detection approach to eliminate the existence of outliers.Besides,the Chaotic Monarch Butterfly Optimization Algo-rithm(CBOA)is used for the selection of highly related features with low com-plexity and high performance.Then,a sailfish optimizer with stacked sparse autoencoder(SFO-SSAE)approach is utilized for the classification of educational data.The MOFSS-ODL model is tested against a benchmark student’s perfor-mance data set from the UCI repository.A wide-ranging simulation analysis por-trayed the improved predictive performance of the MOFSS-ODL technique over recent approaches in terms of different measures.Compared to other methods,experimental results prove that the proposed(MOFSS-ODL)classification model does a great job of predicting students’academic progress,with an accuracy of 96.49%.
文摘The project delves into the preliminary findings of a survey of both trainers and students on the practice of using student peer feedback in interpreting practice.It first explains the theoretical foundation which justifies the use of peer feedback in interpreting practice,the research methodology and data collection.Then it brings forth specific findings concerning the implementation of peer feedback in the interpreting class followed by discussions of the role and features of student peer feedback as a means to help students ready for the booth.Analysis of the results shows that peer feedback in interpreting practice keeps students on-task,attentive and help them spot their own problems.Trainers and students themselves point to similar features of student peer feedback as focusing on comprehension of the original,word choice and numbers.The preliminary findings of the survey demonstrate the roles and features of student peer feedback in interpreting practice and point to the possible way of enhancing student’s learning curve through more effective peer feedback.
文摘BACKGROUND Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)associated inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a unique form of IBD(PSC-IBD)with distinct clinical and histologic features from ulcerative colitis(UC)and Crohn disease(CD).In patients with PSC and IBD,the severity of the two disease processes may depend on each other.AIM To study the histologic and clinical features of PSC patients with and without IBD.METHODS We assessed specimens from patients with UC(n=28),CD(n=10),PSC and UC(PSC-UC;n=26);PSC and CD(PSC-CD;n=6);and PSC and no IBD(PSC-no IBD;n=4)between years 1999-2013.PSC-IBD patients were matched to IBD patients without PSC by age and colitis duration.Clinical data including age,gender,age at IBD and PSC diagnoses,IBD duration,treatment,follow-up,orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT)were noted.RESULTS PSC-UC patients had more isolated right-sided disease(P=0.03),and less active inflammation in left colon,rectum(P=0.03 and P=0.0006),and overall(P=0.0005)compared to UC.They required less steroids(P=0.01)and fewer colectomies(P=0.03)than UC patients.The PSC-CD patients had more ileitis and less rectal involvement compared to PSC-UC and CD.No PSC-CD patients required OLT compared to 38%of PSC-UC(P=0.1).PSC-IBD(PSC-UC and PSCCD)patients with OLT had severe disease in the left colon and rectum(P=0.04).CONCLUSION PSC-UC represents a distinct form of IBD.The different disease phenotype in PSC-IBD patients with OLT may support liver-gut axis interaction,however warrants clinical attention and further research.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and determinants of Internet addiction among medical students at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca,Morocco.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study conducted among students at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy in Casablanca between October and March 2020.An online questionnaire was administered to students to collect data and internet addiction was assessed by the Young questionnaire.A score threshold≥50 was adopted to define addiction.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with internet addiction.Results:Out of a total of 4093 FMPC students enrolled in the 2020-2021 academic year,506 agreed to participate in this study,including 303 females and 203 males.The mean addiction score assessed on the Young scale was(49.08±16.11).The prevalence of Internet addiction was 44.5%(225/506,95% CI:40% to 49%).Multiple regression analysis showed that being older than 20 years(OR=0.17,95% CI:0.40 to 0.64),being female(OR=1.70,95% CI:1.04 to 2.78),being in the dissertation year(6th year)(OR=5.17,95% CI:2.23 to 11.44),having a history of psychiatric consultation(OR=2.64,95% CI:1.34 to 5.21),having divorced parents(OR=2.64,95% CI:1.05 to 5.87),use of sleeping medication(OR=2.9,95% CI:1.05 to 3.70),sleep disorders(OR=2.06,95% CI:1.25 to 3.79),sleep deprivation(OR=2.26,95% CI:1.39 to 3.65),excessive daytime sleepiness(OR=5.39,95% CI:2.19 to 13.24),anxiety disorders(OR=1.47,95% CI:1.18 to 2.30),duration of internet connection(>4 h)(OR=11.43,95% CI:4.85 to 27.66),and having frequent conflicts with parents(OR=2.37,95% CI:1.49 to 3.79)and friends(OR=0.26,95% CI:0.11 to 0.65)were independently associated with internet addiction.Conclusion:The prevalence of Internet addiction among medical students in Casablanca remains high.Targeted action on the determinants would be of great value in prevention.
基金the financial support from Pernod Ricard (China)
文摘The purpose of our study was to assess drinking status in middle school students and to understand the associated factors. The adjusted drinking rates were 50.9%, 39.8%, and 15.1% for lifetime, past-year, and current drinking, respectively.
基金sponsored by Zhejiang Provincial Program for the Cultivation of High-Level Innovative Health Talentsin part supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(81472961)the Co-constructed Projects by the National Health and Family Planning Commission of China,and the Health Bureau of Zhejiang Province(No.WSK2014-2-004)
文摘Emergencies of epistaxis in students caused by environmental pollution have rarely been reported to date. This study aimed to explore the cause of an emergency of epistaxis in elementary students by using a field epidemiological investigation. Twenty-two epistaxis cases from a single school with differences in gender, age, and classroom,were diagnosed within a period of 7 days. The air concentration of chromic acid mist (Cr6~) in the electroplating factory area, new campus, and residential area exceeded the limit of uncontrolled emissions. The emission of HCL and HzSO4was also observed. Formaldehyde levels in the classrooms exceeded the limits of indoor air quality. Abnormal nasal mucosa was significantly more frequent in the case group (93.3%) and control group 1 (of the same school) (66.7%) than in control group 2 (from a mountainous area with no industrial zone) (34.8%; P 〈 0.05 and P 〈 0.01, respectively). On the basis of the pre-existing local nasal mucosal lesions, excessive chromic acid mist in the school's surrounding areas and formaldehyde in the classrooms were considered to have acutely irritated the nasal mucosa, causing epistaxis. Several lessons regarding factory site selection, eradication of chemical emissions, and indoor air quality in newly decorated classrooms, should be learned from this emergency.
文摘Skin depigmentation is a worrying practice that is gaining popularity, particularly among young girls. However, this practice poses health risks. It also reflects a negative view of black skin color. This was a cross-sectional study carried out between April and May 2023 which involved 1039 female students from schools and universities in the Collines department selected by stratified sampling. Data was collected during a face-to-face interview using a questionnaire providing information on the demographic, socio-cultural, and economic characteristics of the girls. The depigmentation products used were identified as well as the complications caused by the use of these products. Statistical analysis made it possible to calculate the frequencies and logistic regression made it possible to identify the factors associated with depigmentation. The prevalence of depigmentation among the girls surveyed was 78.2%. The main products used were soaps based on mercurial derivative and hydroquinone (21.6%) and lotions based on hydroquinone and corticosteroids (75.7%). The factors associated with the practice of depigmentation were the ethnicity of the respondents (OR = 2.52;95% CI = [0.47 - 13.33], p = 0.001);the average monthly income of the parents (OR = 3.26;95% CI = [1.71 - 6.09], p = 0.003);the opinion of the respondents on depigmentation (OR = 2.48;95% CI = [0.84 - 7.3], p < 0.001) and the value given to light skin versus black skin (OR = 3.41;95% CI = [2.32 - 5.01], p < 0.001). In conclusion, the prevalence of depigmentation among the girls surveyed is high. Consequently, reinforced awareness measures and stricter control of bleaching products are imperative to address this high prevalence of the phenomenon.
文摘Ensuring program satisfaction for undergraduate students in the areas of science,technology,engineering and mathematics(STEM)matters in student retention and education quality improvement.This study explores how four rarely examined variables support from faculty members,interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses,disciplinary connectedness of STEM program core courses,and examination difficulty impact Chinese STEM undergraduates’program satisfaction.With data from 619 Chinese STEM undergraduates,structural equation modeling shows that course satisfaction partially mediates the impact of support from faculty members on program satisfaction,while fully mediating that of interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses and disciplinary connectedness of STEM program core courses on program satisfaction.Examination difficulty exerts no significant impact on program satisfaction neither directly nor indirectly.Support from faculty members impact course satisfaction significantly stronger for junior and senior students than for freshmen and sophomores,while interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses impact course satisfaction stronger for freshmen and sophomores than for juniors and seniors.The study ends with practical implications for the higher education reform in relevant areas.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.xjj2012052)
文摘·AIM: To determine the prevalence of asthenopia and identify any associated risk factors in the college students in Xi’an, China. · METHODS: From April to September 2012, 1 500 students from five universities in Xi’an were selected according to a multi -stage stratified cluster sampling method. Data on demographic features, lifestyle or dietary habits, health status, living environment conditions, sleep and mental status, and asthenopia symptoms were collected through a self -administered validated questionnaire. Univariate logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression analysis modified by the factor analysis were performed to evaluate risk factors for asthenopia. ·RESULTS: Fifty-seven percent of the college students complained of asthenopia. Statistically significant risk factors for asthenopia in the univariate analysis included 13 variables. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between the use of computer and asthenopia (OR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.35). Good sleep and mental status (OR 0.86, 95% CI: 0.76 to 0.97), good living environment conditions (OR 0.67, 95% CI: 0.60 to 0.76), and high intake of green leafy vegetables (OR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.80 to 0.98) were found to be strong predictors of decreasing the occurrence of asthenopia complaints. ·CONCLUSION: Asthenopia symptom appeares to be common among college students; and it is strongly associated with computer use, psychosocial state, environment conditions and dietary habits, suggesting that additional studies are warranted to verify these risk factors and establish prevention guidelines, especially for college students. ·
基金Supported by Chinese National 13th Five-Year Plan's Science and Technology Projects,No.2017ZX10202201.
文摘BACKGROUND Metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is a novel concept proposed in 2020.AIM To compare the characteristics of MAFLD and MAFLD with hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.METHODS Patients with histopathologically proven MAFLD from a single medical center were included.Patients were divided into MAFLD group(without HBV infection)and HBV-MAFLD group(with HBV infection).Propensity score matching was utilized to balance the baseline characteristics between two groups.RESULTS A total of 417 cases with MAFLD were included,359(86.1%)of whom were infected with HBV.There were significantly more males in the HBV-MAFLD group than in the MAFLD group(P<0.05).After propensity score matching,58 pairs were successfully matched with no significant differences found in gender,age,body mass index,lipid levels,liver enzymes,and the other metabolic associated comorbidities between the two groups(P>0.05).The rank sum test results showed that the degree of liver steatosis in the MAFLD group was more severe than that in the HBV-MAFLD group,while the degree of inflammation and fibrosis in the liver was less severe(P<0.05).In multivariate analysis,HBV infection was associated with significantly lower grade of hepatic steatosis[odds ratio(OR)=0.088,95%confidence interval(CI):0.027-0.291]but higher inflammation level(OR=4.059,95%CI:1.403-11.742)and fibrosis level(OR=3.016,95%CI:1.087-8.370)after adjusting for age,gender,and other metabolic parameters.CONCLUSION HBV infection is associated with similar metabolic risks,lower steatosis grade,higher inflammation,and fibrosis grade in MAFLD patients.
文摘A distinct aridity trend in China in last 100 years is presented by applying a linear fitting to both the climate records and the hydrological records, which is supported by evidence of environmental changes and seems to be associated with a global warming trend during this period.The Mann Kendall Rank statistic test reveals a very interesting feature that the climate of China entered into a dry regime abruptly in about 1920's, which synchronized with the rapid warming of the global temperature at almost the same time.According to an analysis of the meridional profile of observed global zonal mean precipitation anomalies during the peak period of global wanning (1930-1940), the drought occurred in whole middle latitude zone (25°N-55°N) of the Northern Hemisphere, where the most part of China is located in. Although this pattern is in good agreement with the latitude distribution of the difference of zonal mean rates of precipitation between 4 × CO2 and 1 × CO2 simulated by climate model (Manabe and Wetherald, 1983), more studies are required to understand the linkage between the aridity trend in China and the greenhouse effect.The EOF analysis of the Northern Hemisphere sea level pressure for the season of June to August shows an abrupt change of the time coefficient of its first eigenvector from positive to negative in mid-1920's, indicating an enhancement of the subtropical high over Southeast Asia and the western Pacific after that time. This is an atmospheric circulation pattern that is favorable to the development of dry climate in China.
文摘There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the importance of data mining in educational systems. This recognition makes educational data mining a new growing research community. One way to achieve the highest level of quality in a higher education system is by discovering knowledge from educational data such as students’ enrollment data. Many mining tools that aim to discover exciting correlations, frequent patterns, associations, or casual structures among sets of items in educational data sets have been proposed. One of the widely used tools is association rules. In this paper, the Apriori algorithm is used to generate association rules to discover the importance and correlation between factors that influence student’s decision to enroll in higher education institutions in Sudan. The algorithm is applied using a student’s enrollment data set that was created using a questionnaire and 800 students enrolled in governmental and private sector universities as a sample. This paper classifies factors that influence enrollment into: student’s demographic factors and four categories of enrollment related factors (Student and Society, Educational Institution, Admission, and Employment related factors), and determines the most influential factors in determining student’s decision to enroll in Sudanese universities. The analysis result shows that the Educational Institution related factors (50%) and Admission related factors (40%) are strongly influencing students’ enrollment decision, while the Employment related factors (10%) and Student and Society related factors (0%) have weak influence. The factors out of the 14 Educational Institution related factors that have a high impact are: reputation, diversity of study, quality of education, education facilities, and feasibility.
文摘This article introduces the theory of communicative competence and explores some possible teaching strategies for developing the students' communicative competence according to the students' features in higher vocational colleges.
文摘The purposes of this research were: (1) to create a training package to prepare secondary school students in northeastern of Thailand toward ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) Community; (2) to compare the knowledge of secondary school students toward ASEAN before and after use training package; and (3) the expectations of the students in the northeast of their own preparation for the ASEAN community. Experimental research was used in this research. The subject was including 2,000 students who were randomly divided into groups of seven provinces. The statistics used in data analysis were percentage, average, standard deviation, and T-test. The research results showed that: (1) a training package to prepare secondary school students in northeastern of Thailand toward ASEAN Community, the effectiveness index (E.I.) was .57, according to the established criteria; (2) a comparison of pretest and post-test results found the use of cognitive training may vary, statistically significant at the .05 level; (3) an expectation of the secondary school students in the preparation of role into ASEAN Community found that the students who participated in a concept reflect that the knowledge and attitudes to prepare themselves for the ASEAN community.
文摘Objectives: To evaluate the difference of YAP-positive expression between GC and adjacent tissues, as well as the association of elevated YAP expression with clinicopathological features of GC. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science databases and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched from inception up to December 2018. The pooled ORs and corresponding 95% CIs were used to assess the strength of association. The heterogeneity among eligible studies was evaluated by the Q-test and I2 values. The sensitivity analysis was performed by sequential omission of individual studies. Moreover, Begg’s test and Egger’s test were used to evaluate publication bias. Results: A total of 2229 patients from 16 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that positive YAP expression was closely correlated with GC but not adjacent non-tumor tissue (OR = 8.08, 95% CI = 4.41 - 14.80). Additionally, YAP overexpression was found to be associated with more advanced TNM stage (OR = 2.68, 95% CI = 1.61 - 4.48), deeper invasion depth (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.32 - 3.19), and lymph node metastasis (OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.29 - 2.96). No significant correlation was observed between YAP overexpression and degree of differentiation (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 0.63 - 2.16), as well as gender of patients (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 0.91 - 1.37) or tumor size (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.82 - 1.49) of gastric cancer. Conclusions: This meta-analysis demonstrated that YAP might be a promising diagnostic marker and even a therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
基金Deputyship for Research&Innovation,Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for funding this research work through the Project Number RI-44-0444.
文摘Datamining plays a crucial role in extractingmeaningful knowledge fromlarge-scale data repositories,such as data warehouses and databases.Association rule mining,a fundamental process in data mining,involves discovering correlations,patterns,and causal structures within datasets.In the healthcare domain,association rules offer valuable opportunities for building knowledge bases,enabling intelligent diagnoses,and extracting invaluable information rapidly.This paper presents a novel approach called the Machine Learning based Association Rule Mining and Classification for Healthcare Data Management System(MLARMC-HDMS).The MLARMC-HDMS technique integrates classification and association rule mining(ARM)processes.Initially,the chimp optimization algorithm-based feature selection(COAFS)technique is employed within MLARMC-HDMS to select relevant attributes.Inspired by the foraging behavior of chimpanzees,the COA algorithm mimics their search strategy for food.Subsequently,the classification process utilizes stochastic gradient descent with a multilayer perceptron(SGD-MLP)model,while the Apriori algorithm determines attribute relationships.We propose a COA-based feature selection approach for medical data classification using machine learning techniques.This approach involves selecting pertinent features from medical datasets through COA and training machine learning models using the reduced feature set.We evaluate the performance of our approach on various medical datasets employing diverse machine learning classifiers.Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed approach surpasses alternative feature selection methods,achieving higher accuracy and precision rates in medical data classification tasks.The study showcases the effectiveness and efficiency of the COA-based feature selection approach in identifying relevant features,thereby enhancing the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.To provide further validation,we conduct detailed experiments on a benchmark medical dataset,revealing the superiority of the MLARMCHDMS model over other methods,with a maximum accuracy of 99.75%.Therefore,this research contributes to the advancement of feature selection techniques in medical data classification and highlights the potential for improving healthcare outcomes through accurate and efficient data analysis.The presented MLARMC-HDMS framework and COA-based feature selection approach offer valuable insights for researchers and practitioners working in the field of healthcare data mining and machine learning.