Health Education Using Videos and Leaflets to Promote Preconception Care for Adolescent Females in Japan Evaluation up to Six Months Later

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate health education using videos and leaflets for preconception care (PCC) awareness among adolescent females up to six months after the health education. Methods: The subjects were female university students living in the Kinki area. A longitudinal survey was conducted on 67 members in the intervention group, who received the health education, and 52 members in the control group, who did not receive the health education. The primary outcome measures were knowledge of PCC and the subscales of the Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile. Surveys were conducted before, after, and six months after the intervention in the intervention group, and an initial survey and survey six months later were conducted in the control group. Cochran’s Q test, Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test, and McNemar’s test were used to analyze the knowledge of PCC data. The Health Awareness, Nutrition, and Stress Management subscales of the Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile were analyzed by paired t-test, and comparisons between the intervention and control groups were performed using the two-way repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: In the intervention group of 67 people, the number of subjects who answered “correct” for five of the nine items concerning knowledge of PCC increased immediately after the health education (P = 0.006) but decreased for five items from immediately after the health education to six months later (P = 0.043). In addition, the number of respondents who answered “correct” for “low birth weight infants and future lifestyle-related diseases” (P = 0.016) increased after six months compared with before the health education. For the 52 subjects in the control group, there was no change in the number of subjects who answered “correct” for eight out of the nine items after six months. There was also no increase in scores for the Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile after six months for either the intervention or control group. Conclusion: Providing health education about PCC using videos and leaflets to adolescent females was shown to enhance the knowledge of PCC immediately after the education.

Development of immature ovarian teratoma after mature teratoma in a girl with familial ovarian teratoma:A case report

BACKGROUND Immature ovarian teratoma is a rare and aggressive neoplasm that affects young women.This report is the first to describe the development of immature teratoma after ovarian cystectomy for mature teratoma of the ovary in an adolescent female with a family history of ovarian teratoma.CASE SUMMARY A 16-year-old girl who had undergone bilateral ovarian cystectomy for mature teratomas 3 years ago showed bilateral adnexal tumors during her regular ultrasonography follow-up every 6 months.She received laparoscopic bilateral ovarian cystectomy,and final histopathology showed grade-1 immature teratoma of the left ovary and mature teratoma of the right ovary.Laparoscopic left salpingo-oophorectomy and staging procedures were performed again.Her mother,maternal aunt,and maternal grandmother had also received surgeries for mature ovarian teratomas.CONCLUSION It is important to have guidance on management of patient and family members with familial ovarian teratomas.

Relevant Factors of Estrogen Changes of Myopia in Adolescent Females

Background：Gender is one of the risk factors accounting for the high prevalence of adolescent myopia.Considerable research results have shown that myopia incidence of female is higher than that of male.This study aimed to analyze the correlation between ocular parameters and serum estrogen level and to investigate the vision changes along with estrogen change in menstrual cycle of adolescent females.Methods：A total of 120 young females aged between 15 and 16 years,diagnosed with myopia were recruited.Spherical lens,cylindrical lens,axis,interpupillary distance （IPD）,and vision in each tested eye of the same subject were measured by automatic optometry and comprehensive optometry,with repetition of all measurements in the menstrual cycle of the 2nd or 3rd days,14th days,and 282 days,respectively.Serum estradiol （E2） levels were assayed by chemiluminescence immunoassay at the same three times points of the menstrual cycle mentioned above.Results：In young females with myopia,the spherical lens showed a statistically significant difference among all different time in menstrual cycle （all P 〈 0.0001）.The cylindrical lens,axis,and IPD were changed significantly during the menstrual cycle （P 〈 0.05）.The vision of the three different time points in menstrual cycle had a significant difference （χ^2 =6.35,P =0.042）.The vision during the 14th and 28th day was higher compared to that on the 2nd or 3rd days （P =0.021）.Serum E2 levels were significantly different at different time points in menstrual cycle （P 〈 0.05）.E2 levels reached its maximum value on the 142 day and the minimum value on the 2nd or 3rd day.Conclusions：In adolescent females,the spherical lens and other related ocular parameters vary sensitively with different levels of E2 in menstrual cycle.Vision in late menstrual stage is significantly higher than that in premenstrual stage.