Culture, Beliefs, Attitude and Peer Group Influence on Female Genital Mutilation in Southeast Nigeria

Background: Female Genital Mutilation is still practiced in Ebonyi State in Southeast Nigeria, despite the complications that follows it and government legislation against the practice. Aim: To determine the impact of Culture, Beliefs, attitude and Peer Group Influence on the persistence Female Genital Mutilation practice in the State especially in the rural areas. Materials and Methods: Qualitative study that used Focused Group Discussion and In-depth interviews for data collection. Those willing and given consent were recruited into the group discussion according to age, marital status, educational level and their location in the state. In-depth interviews were used with the Stake Holders, Opinion Leaders, Traditional Rulers and the Clergy. Result: A total of 454 participants were recruited from the 13 local government areas of Ebonyi State but only 420 (92.5%) participated. The age ranges of participants were 25 to 35 years for single males and females while the married participants male and female were aged 35 to 70 years. One hundred single females (23.8%) and 94 single males (21.4%) participated while 97 (23.1%) married women and 95 (22.6%) married men participated. Out of the 26 health workers recruited only 22 (5.2%) participated. Four traditional rulers, 4 women leaders, 4 youth leaders and 2 clergy 12 (2.9%) in number had in-depth interviews. All the participants had knowledge of FGM and its practice. Rural health workers are getting more involved. ‘Female Genital Crushing’ is replacing actual cutting. The participants all agreed there is no benefit and the practice should stop. Conclusion: Female Genital Mutilation is secretly practiced and is getting replaced by “Female Genital Crushing” perpetrated by rural health workers as well as mothers, fathers, traditional birth attendants and the peer group playing a major role with low knowledge of the Law against Female genital mutilation.

Female Sex Workers and Their Association with Self-Help Groups in Thane, Maharashtra, India: A Comparative Analysis in the Context of HIV Program Outcome

Objectives: Understanding the role of Self-Help Group (SHG) in light of the evolving dynamics of sex work needs to be delved into to strategize HIV interventions among FSWs in India. This paper aims to study the HIV program outcome among the FSWs associated with SHGs and FSWs not associated with SHGs in Thane, Maharashtra. Study Design: This cross-sectional study was undertaken from the Behavioral Tracking Survey (BTS) conducted among 503 FSWs in Thane in 2015. Two-stage probability based conventional sampling was done for selection of brothel and bar based FSWs, while Time Location Cluster (TLC) sampling was done for home, lodge and street based sex workers. Methods: Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to compare and contrast between FSWs associated with SHG and those not associated with SHG with respect to the utilization of HIV related services by them. “Condom use”, “consistent condom use”, “contact with peer-educators”, “counseling sessions” and “HIV testing” were chosen as indicators on HIV service utilization. Results: 8% (38) of FSWs are registered with SHG;92% aged ≥25 years, 47% illiterate, and 71% are currently married. The likelihood of utilizing HIV services including, knowledge on HIV/AIDS and its mode of transmission (OR: 5.54;CI: 1.87 - 16.60;p Conclusions: Considering the improved HIV program outcomes among FSWs associated with SHG, HIV interventions among FSWs could consider facilitating the formation of SHGs with FSWs as one of the key strategies to empower the community for ensuring better program outcomes.

The Research of Value of Female Costume in Ethnic Group Construction Based on the Social Gender

The social gender theory is a historical analysis method which is benificial to explore the system of human organization activities around ＂male＂or ＂female＂ activities. Historically, the process of human socialization is also a process of social gender institutionalization. Therefore, the paper tried to analyze the connotation of ethnic women＇s costume from the social gender perspective to help people realize further the women＇s state in sexism society and value in ethnic group constructing and developing. Firstly, the paper sets forth the characteristic of ＂group＂ of ethnic people female costumes. The next, the paper explored the costume how to set up a system of ethic standard in inner group so as to maintain the social order. Subsequently, the paper points out, with the rapid evolution of society, more and more ethnic people men participate cities construction and outer social activities Consequently, most of minority men wear modem clothing instead of their traditional clothing, only women still insist in wearing the traditional clothing. Finally, according to research above, the authors consider that ethnic people female costumes emerge strong gender content which reflects more constraints rather than equality between men and women. Besides, it is certain that women have irreplaceable value in ethinc group construction and development.

Seroprevalence of <i>Brucella</i>Antibodies and Risk Factors Associated with Human Brucellosis in High-Risk Occupational Groups of the Noun Division in the West Region of Cameroon

Brucellosis is an anthropozoonotic disease with an important public health impact. Although the transmission of Brucella from animals to humans can occur in different epidemiological settings of sub-Saharan African countries, little data has been published on human brucellosis. This study aimed to detect Brucella antibodies and the risk factors associated to brucellosis among high-risk occupational groups of people in the Noun Division of Cameroon. For this study, a structured questionnaire was used to assess risk factors associated with human brucellosis. Thereafter, blood samples were collected from high-risk occupational groups of people in four villages. Plasma was extracted from each sample and Brucella antibodies were detected using Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (i-ELISA). Of the 273 participants enrolled, the overall seroprevalence of Brucella antibodies was 12.45% with RBPT and 10.26% with i-ELISA test. This seroprevalence was significantly (P = 0.04;X2 = 9.73) higher among livestock herdsmen (15.8%), slaughterhouse workers (9.8%), butchers (4.8%), participants having no educational level (14.3%) and those experiencing above 5 years of risky activity (15%). Raw milk consumption (OR: 4.8;P = 0.001), no formal education (OR: 6.4;P = 0.03) and assistance of animal during parturition (OR: 7.2;P < 0.0001) appeared as factors that may increase the risk of Brucella infections. The detection of Brucella antibodies indicates the risk of human brucellosis in some groups of people of the Noun division. Consuming unpasteurized milk, participating in parturition and lacking knowledge on brucellosis appeared as risk factors associated with human brucellosis in western Cameroon. It raises the need of developing and implementing control measures for human and animal brucellosis.

“90后”女性的东北记忆与文学观照——以黑龙江籍青年女作家杨知寒为例

杨知寒被称为继“铁西三剑客”之后的“东北文艺复兴”的接力书写者和“新东北作家群”中的领军人物。作为生长于齐齐哈尔市的“90后”女作家,杨知寒用精到的笔触、冷峻的叙事,以“子一代”的视角和女性的细腻观察,再现了世纪之交以来东北经济的衰退和由此带来的社会阵痛及道德困境,揭示了社会转型期人与人之间光怪陆离的情感变化。杨知寒在作品中塑造了大量的女性形象,这些从少女到青年乃至中老年的女性形象,着眼于时代变迁中的女性命运,深刻揭示了在时代大潮冲击下的女性命运的悲与喜,以及隐藏于人性深处的善与恶。

去中心化与再中心化:跨文化性别形象的青年传播圈层建构

圈层化传播是社交媒体时代信息交往的重要形式。文章从青年社交媒体用户对跨文化女性形象的圈层认知建构出发,剖析青年传播圈层形成的内源机制与外源动因。基于网络田野和深度访谈法,研究发现:圈层化传播是青年文化的突出特征,也是青年群体内部交流互动的主要方式,已成为网络多元文化发展的推动力量。在全球化系统下的本土话语逻辑生成过程中,青年传播圈层对跨文化性别符号进行了现代性改造和本土化加工。在新型社会关系和群体身份认同的双重作用下,围绕跨文化性别形象所形成的青年传播圈层呈现出性别层面的“去中心化”和族裔层面的“再中心化”特征。青年圈层传播路径一方面折射了后全球化时代文化杂糅对青年群体身份建构的影响,另一方面也反映出不同青年圈层围绕价值观念和话语建构权的博弈。

Colorectal cancer screening: Modalities and adherence

In the last decade,several studies have explored various modalities and strategies for colorectal cancer(CRC)screening,taking into account epidemiological data,individual characteristics,and socioeconomic factors.In this editorial,we comment further on a retrospective study by Agatsuma et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology.Our focus is on screening trends,particularly in relation to efforts to improve the currently suboptimal uptake among the general population worldwide,aiming to enhance early diagnosis rates of CRC.There is a need to raise awareness through health edu-cation programs and to consider the use of readily available,non-invasive screening methods.These strategies are crucial for attracting screen-eligible populations to participate in first-line screening,especially those in high-or average-risk groups and in regions with limited resources.Liquid biopsies and biomarkers represent rapidly evolving trends in screening and diagnosis;however,their clinical relevance has yet to be standardized.

“她经济”视角下健身品牌形象设计策略研究

“她经济”的兴起带动了健身产业的发展,健身品牌的长远发展需要设计符合女性群体审美偏好和主流价值观的视觉形象。通过对大量健身品牌形象案例的分析,归纳总结出“她经济”视角下健身品牌引导女性消费的形象设计策略。基于品牌识别棱镜模型,提出健身品牌形象设计模型三层次,视觉层、互动层、价值层,以及结合三层次的三大转向:视觉层——从迎合“他者”到关注“自我”的审美转向;互动层——从移情设计到群体共情的情感转向;价值层——从强身健体到生活态度的价值转向。

《悠悠岁月》:女性视角下释己写他的群体共鸣

法国女作家安妮·埃尔诺历经二十余年完成力作《悠悠岁月》,该书在2008年出版后即荣膺杜拉斯文学大奖。作品展现了一代人的集体记忆,以无人称自传的方式呈现一切事件、歌曲、物品、社会的标语口号、集体的恐惧和希望的记忆。作者本人历经难以想象的阶层跨越之后,对人性的洞悉和观察也更为透彻,对底层群体的处境也有着更深刻的认知和关怀。本文从聚焦和发散的视角出发,关注作品对细微的人、事、物的描写,展现作品能够带给人精神共鸣和回忆共鸣的原因所在,以认识到作品的时代价值,从而重新思考人类悲欢命运的走向。

共情护理联合团体人际心理干预在青年女性抑郁症患者中的应用效果

目的探讨共情护理联合团体人际心理干预在青年女性抑郁症患者中的应用效果。方法选取2021年3月至2022年11月山东国欣颐养集团枣庄东郊医院收治的94例青年女性抑郁症患者,按照随机抽签法分为对照组(47例)和研究组(47例)。对照组予以常规护理,研究组予以共情护理联合团体人际心理干预。比较两组负面情绪、社会功能、认知程度及睡眠质量。结果干预后,研究组汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,研究组社会功能缺陷筛选量表及元认知问卷评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,研究组匹兹堡睡眠质量指数低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论共情护理联合团体人际心理干预在青年女性抑郁症患者中的应用效果较好,可改善患者的抑郁情绪及睡眠质量,提高社会功能及认知程度,值得临床推广应用。

“借光”:广场舞女性群体的身体表达与生境研究

笔者从“个体—阐释”主义立场出发,讲述“我”与同在一个广场舞队伍里的“有家庭生活”的女性群体的故事,叙述她们重构社会关系,摆脱传统性别秩序的过程,以此呼吁女性休闲体育的“整体性思考”。笔者基于田野考察发现,“有家庭生活”的女性群体通过广场舞这项休闲体育活动打破了传统的性别秩序,实现了与一般女性群体的区隔,同时,实现了个体赋权与认同,以及获得了整体社会意义上的赋权与认同。最终构建起以广场舞实践为基础的社会生活,实现了社会关系重构。笔者对女性群体参与休闲体育活动解构传统性别秩序实现赋权与自由提出针对性建议。

女性就业对扩大中等收入群体的影响

女性就业对扩大中等收入群体具有重要意义,但在参与就业的过程中仍然面临着许多挑战。通过对CFPS(中国家庭追踪调查)2020年的数据进行多分类Logistic回归研究发现,女性参与就业对其家庭进入中等收入层次具有正向的积极作用。同时,研究还发现个体特征、家庭特征和环境特征对于家庭进入不同收入群体的概率具有重要影响。最后,基于结论提出对策建议,以推动女性充分就业,进一步壮大中等收入群体。

北部湾中国鲎不同群体及雌雄个体形态差异分析

采用t检验、主成分分析和判别分析等多元统计方法,分析和比较北海市和钦州市中国鲎群体的体质量(Y)和全长(X1)、头胸部长(X2)、头胸部宽(X3)、腹部长(X4)、腹部宽(X5)、剑尾长(X6)等7个可量性状,研究两者形态差异,并对北海群体进行雌雄个体的形态差异分析。t检验结果显示,2组群体仅X6/X1差异极显著(P<0.01),其他指标的差异不显著(P>0.05)。主成分分析构建了1个主成分,其贡献率为50.16%。对北海群体的5项比例性状进行逐步判别分析,筛选出3个比例性状构建的判别方程对该群体的2组群体识别的正确率达73.3%。指出,北海市群体雌性个体体型大,X2和X6均大于雄性,但X4小于雄性。

女性性别平等观念对其生育意愿和生育行为的影响

我国生育水平持续走低已成为不容忽视的社会问题。研究女性生育意愿和生育行为不仅关系微观层面家庭和个人生育的满足,而且对宏观层面国家的人口再生产与经济发展也有重要意义。在倡导性别平等的社会大背景下,女性性别平等观念对其生育意愿和生育行为的影响增强。本文基于2021年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,运用基准回归模型分析女性社会性别平等观念和女性家庭性别平等观念对其生育意愿和生育行为的影响,并对不同女性群体间生育意愿和生育行为差异以及不同女性群体社会性别平等观念、家庭性别平等观念对其生育意愿和生育行为影响的异质性进行探讨。分析结果显示:在控制其他变量的条件下,女性社会性别平等观念、家庭性别平等观念在总体上对其生育意愿产生显著抑制作用,但不对其生育行为产生显著影响,在更换模型、缩小样本量和增加省份固定效应后统计结果依然稳健。通过假设检验得到不同女性群体间生育意愿、生育行为有较大差异,且社会性别平等观念、家庭性别平等观念对不同女性群体的生育意愿、生育行为的影响具有较强异质性。基于上述结论,建议从女性主体出发,通过国家、社会、家庭和个人的共同努力,减少女性性别平等观念对生育意愿和生育行为的负面影响,提高我国生育水平。

近代湖南世家中文学女性群体的创作

近代湖南世家中文学女性群体规模较大的有郭汪璨、周系舆、左宗棠、李星沅和曾国藩家族。世家女性的创作题材丰富多样,作品体裁以诗为主,作品风格随作者生活境遇的变化而变化。世家女性的文学创作是她们追求精神慰藉的重要途径,也促进了近代湖南文学的繁荣发展。探讨世家女性的文学创作对研究湖湘地域文化与作家之间的关系、家族家庭与作家之间的关系、近代文学和妇女史都具有重要意义。

基于青年女性消费群体的纺织类文创产品设计

以西安博物院为例,立足青年女性消费群体,探讨纺织类文创产品的开发方法和流程。通过文献查阅、专家访谈、问卷调查和SPSS数据分析等方法,利用李克特量表将青年女性消费者的隐性消费需求量化,对纺织类文创产品的各项设计要素进行初判。总结青年女性在图案元素、形式、色彩等方面的喜好偏向,结合设计师的用户感知,明晰博物馆内最具代表性的传统纹样因子;根据K-MEANS聚类算法和形状文法完成色彩和纹样的推演,形成最终纺织品设计方案。以青年女性审美视域出发,丰富西安博物院文创产品内容,为同类型博物馆提供可靠的纺织类文创产品开发思路。

团体辅导对高职贫困女大学生自信心促进的研究

高职女大学生是新时代女性技能人才主力,提升高职贫困女大学生自信水平是助力新时代女性成才的必要前提。采用3(同质组、异质组、对照组)×2(前测、后测)实验设计,通过8次团体辅导干预,有效提升了高职贫困女大学生的自信心水平。研究引入异质贫困组,丰富了贫困女大学生心理和团体辅导的研究内容。遵循自愿原则进行被试分组,高自信心水平控制组启示高职心理育人要充分发挥少数高自信水平贫困女生的朋辈示范引领作用,以提升大多数贫困女大学生的自信心。

手术室专科分组管理在输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术治疗女性泌尿系结石患者中的应用

目的探讨手术室专科分组管理在输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术治疗女性泌尿系结石患者中的应用效果。方法选取2021年9月至2022年9月清远市人民医院收治的80例女性泌尿系结石患者为研究对象,编号后按照数字奇偶法将其分为对照组(n=40)和观察组(n=40)。两组均实施输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术治疗,对照组按照泌尿外科手术常规护理管理干预,观察组在常规护理管理的基础上实施手术室专科分组管理模式干预。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、一次性碎石成功率、结石排净率及并发症。结果观察组手术时间短于对照组,术中出血量低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组一次性碎石成功率(100.0%vs 85.0%)、术后1个月结石排净率(92.5%vs 72.5%)、术后2个月结石排净率(100.0%vs 82.5%)均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者并发症总发生率为10.0%,低于对照组的27.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论手术室专科分组管理模式在输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术中的应用效果显著,有助于缩短手术时间,提高碎石成功率,降低并发症发生风险,值得临床推广应用。

Ethnic Female Journalists Group Founded

ACROSS such a multi-national country as China with 56 ethnic groups, up to one third of those in the press circle are women journalists, among whom 56.2 percent are in the broadcasting and television arenas, 42.5 percent in newspapers and magazines and 1.3 percent in news agencies. Statistics from National Unity shows that 42 of China's minority groups have produced

运动与非运动群体女大学生内隐与外显情绪调节效果的实验研究

目的:旨在探究内隐与外显层面,运动与非运动群体大学生运用不同情绪调节策略对积极和消极情绪进行调节时的调节效果。方法:以58名运动与非运动群体女大学生为对象,采用阈下词语启动、句子整理任务、外显指导语的方法,分别启动其内隐、外显认知重评或表达抑制的目标;测量内隐与外显情绪调节目标启动前、后,其观看悲伤、愉悦情绪图片时的情绪反应,并采用MP150多导生理记录仪同步记录其观看情绪图片时皮电、心率指标的变化。结果:1)内隐层面,两群体运用认知重评和表达抑制策略的调节效果均无显著性差异。呈现悲伤情绪图片时,两群体的皮电在目标启动后较启动前显著升高;呈现愉悦情绪图片时,运动群体的心率在目标启动后较启动前显著升高,而非运动群体的心率降低。2)外显层面,两群体运用认知重评策略调节悲伤情绪的效果显著优于表达抑制策略。呈现悲伤情绪图片时,两群体的愉悦度在目标启动后较启动前显著升高;观看愉悦情绪图片时,运动群体的愉悦度在目标启动后较启动前显著升高,非运动群体的愉悦度显著降低。结论:1)阈下词语启动和句子整理任务均能够启动个体的内隐情绪调节目标,两种研究范式均可以作为研究无意识情绪调节的有效方法。2)内隐层面,运动与非运动群体运用认知重评和表达抑制策略均有调节效果,主要体现在生理指标的变化;外显层面,运动与非运动群体运用认知重评策略调节悲伤情绪的效果优于表达抑制策略,且效果主要体现在情绪主观感受的改变。3)运动与非运动群体内隐和外显调节愉悦情绪的效果不同,运动群体表现为愉悦情绪升高,而非运动群体表现为愉悦情绪降低。