Validation of HPLC and FIA Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Lansoprazole in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Human Plasma

A chromatographic and aspectrophotometric methods for the quantitative determination of lansoprazole in pharmaceutical combinations and human plasma were developed. The analytical parameters were studied according to International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. The Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) method is based on the oxidation of lansoprazole by a known excess of N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) in an acidic medium, followed by a reaction of excess oxidant with chloranilic acid (CAA) to bleach its purple color. The separation was carried out using RP-C18 column with a mobile phase composed of ACN: TEA: phosphate buffer (60: 0.2: 39.8 v/v) adjusted to pH = 4.

Determination of fenticonazole in human plasma by HPLC–MS/MS and its application to pharmacokinetic studies

Two simple and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC–MS/MS) methods were developed and validated for the determination of fenticonazole in human plasma after percutaneous and intravaginal administration. Mifepristone was used as an internal standard(IS), and simple protein precipitation by acetonitrile containing 2% acetic acid was utilized for extracting the analytes from the plasma samples. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Kinetex XB-C_(18) column. The quantitation was performed by a mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source in multiple reactions monitoring(MRM) positive ion mode using precursor-to-product ion transitions of m/z 455.2–199.1 for fenticonazole and m/z 430.2–372.3 for mifepristone. The validated linear ranges of fenticonazole were 5–1000 pg/m L and 0.1–20 ng/m L in plasma for the methods A and B, respectively. For the two methods, the accuracy data ranged from 85% to 115%, the intra- and inter-batch precision data were less than 15%, the recovery data were more than 90%, and no matrix interference was observed. The methods A and B were successfully validated and applied to the pharmacokinetic studies of fenticonazole gel in Chinese healthy volunteers after percutaneous and intravaginal administration, respectively.

A sensitive, simple and rapid HPLC–MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of buprenorpine and its N-dealkylated metabolite norbuprenorphine in human plasma

A sensitive, simple and rapid high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （HPLC-MS/MS） method was developed and fully validated for the simultaneous quantification of buprenorphine （BUP） and its N-dealkylated metabolite norbuprenorphine （NBUP） in 200 μL human plasma. Human plasma samples were prepared using liquid-liquid extraction, and then separated on a Shiseido MG C18 （5 μm, 2.0 mm × 50 mm） via 4.1 min gradient elution. Following electrospray ionization, the analytes were quantified on a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer in multiple-reaction-monitoring （MRM） positive ion mode. Linearity was achieved from 25.0 to 10000 pg/mL for buprenorphine, from 20.0 to 8000 pg/mL for norbupre- norphine with r2〉0.99. The method was demonstrated with acceptable accuracy, precision and specificity for the detection of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine. Recovery was 81.8-88.8 % for buprenorphine and 77.0-84.6% for norbuprenorphine, and the matrix effect was 95.6-97.4% for buprenorphine and 94.0-96.9% for norbuprenorphine; all were not concentration dependent. With validated matrix and autosampler stability data, this method was successfully applied in a bioequivalence study to support abbreviated new drug application.

Determination of 5-Fluorouracil in Human Plasma by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) has a broad spectrum of anti-tumor activity, widely applied to the treatment of cancers. However, it is necessary to determine the plasma concentration of 5-FU in clinical practice due to its narrow therapeutic index. Therefore, a simple, economic and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the determination of 5-FU in human plasma. Ethyl acetate was chosen as extraction reagent. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Diamonsil C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm) with the mobile phase consisting of methanol and 20 mmol/L ammonium formate using a linear gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. 5-FU and 5-bromouracil (5-BU) were detected by UV detector at 265 nm. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 5—500 ng/mL and the correlation coefficient was not less than 0.992 6 for all calibration curves. The intra- and inter-day precisions were less than 10.5% and 4.3%, respectively, and the accuracy was within ±3.7%. The recovery at all concentration levels was 80.1±8.6%. 5-FU was stable under possible conditions of storing and handling. This method is proved applicable to therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies of 5-FU in human.

Determination of torasemide in human plasma and its bioequivalence study by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry

A sensitive and selective method using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with elec- trospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry （HPLC-ESI-MS） to determine the concentration of tor- asemide in human plasma samples was developed and validated. Tolbutamide was chosen as the internal standard （IS）. The chromatography was performed on a GI Sciences Inertsil ODS-3 column （100 mm× 2.1 mm i.d., 5.0 μm） within 5 min, using methanol with 10 mM ammonium formate （60：40, v/ v） as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. The targeted compound was detected in negative io- nization at m/z 347.00 for torasemide and 269.00 for IS. The linearity range of this method was found to be within the concentration range of 1-2500 ng/mL （r=0.9984） for torasemide in human plasma. The accuracy of this measurement was between 94.05% and 103.86%. The extracted recovery efficiency was from 84.20% to 86.47% at three concentration levels. This method was also successfully applied in pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence studies in Chinese volunteers.

Determination of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol in human plasma by HPLC–MS/MS:application to a pharmacokinetic study

A rapid,specific and sensitive HPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the determination of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol(PPD)in human plasma.PPD and the internal standard PD were extracted from plasma by liquid-liquid extraction with cyclohexane-methylene dichloride(2:1,v/v).The separation was performed on a HyPURIYTY C18 column using methanol-5 mM ammonium formate(90:10,v/v)as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.35 mL/min.Mass spectrometric detection was carried out by electrospray ionization(ESI)in the positive ion mode using multiple reaction monitoring(MRM).The monitored transitions were m/z 425.4-217.2 for PPD and at m/z 461.4-425.5 for PD.The method was linear over the range 0.512-100 ng/mL with a lower limit of quantification(LLOQ)of 0.512 ng/mL.The mean extraction recovery of PPD was greater than 78.2%and no significant matrix effect was detected.The intra-and inter-day precisions were less than 10%and the biases below 4%for PPD.The validated method was applied to a three-level single-dose clinical pharmacokinetics study of 12 healthy Chinese volunteers and the main pharmacokinetic parameters of PPD were obtained.

Simultaneous quantification of lopinavir and ritonavir in human plasma by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with UV detection

High performance liquid chromatography was coupled with UV detection for simultaneous quantification of lopinavir （LPV） and ritonavir （RTV） in human plasma. This assay was sensitive, accurate and simple, and only used 200μL of plasma sample. Samples were liquid-liquid extracted, and diazepam was used as an internal standard. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 reversed-phase analytic column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer （10 mmol L-1, pH 4.80） （60：40, v/v）. UV detection was conducted at 205 nm and the column oven was set at 40℃. Calibration curves were constructed between 0,5-20 μg mL-1 for LPV and 0.05-5 μg mL-1 for RTV. The relative standard deviations were 2.16%-3.20% for LPV and 2.12%-2.60% for RTV for intra-day analysis, and 2.34%-4.04% for LPV and 0.31%-4.94% for RTV for inter-day analysis. The accuracy was within 100%＋10%. The mean extraction recoveries were 79.17%, 52.26% and 91.35% for RTV, LPV and diazepam, respectively. This method was successfully applied to human plasma samples from patients orally administered a salvage regimen of lopinavir-ritonavir tablets.

HPLC-紫外法测定人血浆中芬太尼浓度

目的 :建立高效液相色谱法 -紫外检测器测定人血浆中芬太尼浓度的方法。方法 :本实验采用外标法 ,以Shim -PackCLC -ODS(6 0mm×150mm ,5μm )为固定相 ,含0 015mol/LNaH2PO4 的乙腈 -水溶液 (30∶70 ,v/v)为流动相 ,流速1 5ml/min ,紫外检测波长195nm。结果 :标准曲线在2 0～100ng/ml范围内线性关系良好 (r=0 999) ,最低检测浓度为1ng/ml,方法回收率为(91 70±4 70) % ,提取回收率为 (97 38±3 69) % ,日内变异RSD (6 50±2 79) % ,日间变异RSD (6 70±3 04) %。结论 :本方法简便 ,准确 ,检测浓度低 ,能够满足血浆中低浓度芬太尼的测定及临床药代动力学研究的要求。

HPLC法同时测定人血浆中的伪麻黄碱和氯苯那敏

目的 建立同时测定血浆中盐酸伪麻黄碱、马来酸氯苯那敏的方法。方法 采用反相HPLC法 ,以右美沙芬为内标 ,血浆中的被测药物经甲基叔丁基醚提取、1 5%盐酸溶液反萃后同时测定。色谱柱 :C18(2 50mm× 4 6mmID ,5μm) ;流动相 :乙腈 水 三乙胺 (46∶54∶0 2 ,内含 10mmol·L- 1十二烷基硫酸钠 ,60mmol·L- 1磷酸二氢钠 ,以磷酸调pH为 2 6) ;检测波长 :2 0 0nm。结果 伪麻黄碱、氯苯那敏的线性范围分别为 1 5～ 0 0 1mg·L- 1和 75 0～ 0 5μg·L- 1,检测限分别为 10 0和 0 5μg·L- 1;日内、日间RSD小于 12 4% ,方法平均回收率为 97 3 %～ 10 9 4%。结论 该法简便、快速 ,重现性好 ,灵敏度高 ,可用于盐酸伪麻黄碱、马来酸氯苯那敏复方制剂的临床药代动力学研究。

HPLC法同时测定人血浆中舒必利、氯氮平、氯丙嗪浓度

目的:建立同时测定人血浆中舒必利、氯氮平、氯丙嗪药物浓度的高效液相色谱方法。方法:血浆样品用乙酸乙酯萃取,氮气吹干;残留物用甲醇溶解后进样。色谱柱为C_(18)柱(250 mm×4.6mm),流动相为甲醇-水(80:20,含0.5％三乙胺和0.05％冰醋酸,pH=7.6～7.8),流速:1.0mL·min^(-1),柱温:35T,紫外检测波长:250nm。结果:本法可同时测定血浆中3种药物浓度。舒必利在0.2～1.0μg·mL^(-1)、氯氮平在0.05～1.0μg·mL^(-1)、氯丙嗪在0.01～0.16μg·mL^(-1)范围内,峰面积与其浓度呈良好的线性关系;日内RSD分别为2.9％～3.9％,3.1％～4.1％,3.0％～4.3％;日间RSD分别为3.9％～4.8％,3.8％～5.1％,4.3％～5.3％(n=4)。结论:方法简便、快速、准确,适用于舒必利、氯氮平、氯丙嗪3种药物临床血药浓度的同时检测。

HPLC-UV法测定人血浆中青霉胺浓度

目的建立人血浆中青霉胺浓度的HPLC测定方法,并用于人体药动学试验中青霉胺血药浓度测定。方法取血浆样品加入衍生化试剂DTNB,室温反应5 min,10%的高氯酸溶液沉淀蛋白,上清液进样分析。色谱柱:岛津VP-ODS C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.05 mol.L-1醋酸钠缓冲溶液(12:88),流速1.0 ml.min-1,检测波长320 nm,柱温25℃,进样量20μl。结果血浆中青霉胺在0.1～10.0 mg.L-1浓度范围内线性关系良好,定量下限为0.1 mg.L-1(S/N>10,n=5;RSD=6.4%,准确度为94.2%),在低、中、高浓度血浆样品日内、日间RSD均小于6%,准确度在92%～96%范围内,提取回收率>60%,且稳定(RSD<10%),符合生物样品分析要求。结论所建立的HPLC法样品前处理简便、操作简便、能满足青霉胺在人体内的药代动力学研究。

RP-HPLC法测定人体血浆中吉西他滨的浓度

目的:建立一种测定人体血浆中吉西他滨血药浓度的高效液相色谱方法。方法:取血浆样品1 mL,加内标100μL(含氟脲苷0.8μg·mL-1),混匀,加甲醇-乙腈(1:9)3 mL混匀,放置5 min,离心(3500 r·min-1,10 min),取上清液于60℃水浴放置,氮气吹干,残渣用0.5 mL流动相溶解,离心(15000 r·min～1,10 min),取上清液,进样50μL。色谱柱:Lichrospher 5-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),流动相:40 mmol·L-1醋酸铵缓冲液(用醋酸调节pH=5.5)-乙腈(97.5:2.5),流速:0.8 mL·min～1,检测波长:268 nm,柱温:25℃。结果:本方法线性范围0.20—10.0μg·mL～1,r=0.9999,方法检测限为0.10μg·mL-1(S/N>4),定量限为(0.21±0.02)μg·mL-1(S/N>10);方法回收率为100.1%-106.6%(n=21),日内RSD为2.3%-4.0%(n=21),日间RSD为3.2%-5.2%(n=21)。结论:本方法灵敏度高,操作简便、准确,可用于人体血浆中吉西他滨浓度的测定及药动学研究。

血浆中格列齐特的HPLC测定及药代动力学研究

本文采用ＺｏｒｂａｘＣ８色谱柱，甲醇－０．２％冰醋酸（６２：３８）为流动相，２２９ｎｍ为检测波长，甲苯磺丁脲为内标，乙酸乙酯萃取血浆药物，建立了测定血浆中格列齐特浓度的ＨＰＬＣ法。该法简便、灵敏、快速、准确，格列齐特在０．２５～８．０μ／ｍｌ的浓度范围内线性关系良好（ｒ＝０．９９９１），检测限为０．１５μｇ／ｍｌ（Ｓ／Ｎ＝３：ｌ），平均回收率为９７．６０％，不同浓度水平测定结果的日内和日间精密度（ＲＳＤ）均小于１０．０％。

血浆中去甲右美沙芬和愈创木酚甘油醚的HPLC测定

建立了灵敏度高、选择性好、可同时测定人血浆中右美沙芬活性代谢物去甲右美沙芬及愈创木酚甘油醚的HPLC-荧光检测法。采用C_8柱(4.6mm×250mm),流动相为乙腈-0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾-二乙胺溶液-冰醋酸(15:85:0.2:2,用磷酸调至pH3.0),检测波长λ_(ex)=280 nm,λ_(em)=313 nm。以盐酸曲马多为内标,血浆样品经液-液萃取后进样测定。方法的日内、日间RSD小于4.63％,回收率97.3％～102.6％。去甲右美沙芬及愈创木酚甘油醚的检测灵敏度分別为5.412和20ng/ml。经方法学验证,满足药物动力学研究的要求。

人血浆中盐酸昂丹司琼的HPLC测定

建立了测定人血浆中盐酸昂丹司琼的 HPL C法。采用 C1 8色谱柱 ,以甲醇 - 0 .0 2 m ol/L磷酸钠缓冲液 (p H7.5 )(6 5∶ 35 )为流动相 ,检测波长为 310 nm。用液 -液萃取法提取血浆 ,少量酸性水相反提有机相后进样分析。线性范围为 3～ 30 ng/m l(r=0 .9995 ) ,方法回收率为 10 0 .0 %～ 10 2 .6 % ,最低检测限为 1.5 ng(S/N≥ 3) ,日内、日间精密度均小于 8%。

RP-HPLC法测定人血浆中兰索拉唑浓度

目的:建立 RP-HPLC 法测定人血浆中兰索拉唑浓度。方法:1 mL 血浆样品以奥美拉唑为内标,加入0.5 mL Na_2HPO_4溶液(0.5 mol·L^(-1),pH 9.05)碱化,用5 mL 乙醚-二氯甲烷(7:3,v/v)混合液振荡萃取,分取有机相空气流下吹干。残渣用200μL甲醇-0.1 mol·L^(-1)碳酸钠(50:50,v/v)混合液溶解,40 μL进样。采用 NUCLEOSIL C_(18)分析柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以0.025 mol·L^(-1)磷酸二氢钠-乙腈(60:40,v/v)为流动相,流速为1 mL·min^(-1),柱温为30℃,于285 nm 波长下检测。结果:兰索拉唑在20～2400μg·L^(-1)范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9996),最低检测浓度为20μg·L^(-1)。血浆中低、中、高3种浓度的萃取回收率(n=5)分别为69.9%,64.0%,58.8%;RSD(n=5)分别为7.94%,5.33%,5.39%;方法回收率(n=5)分别为98.6%,106.3%,101.9%;日内和日间精密度均小于10%。结论:该法操作简单,灵敏,准确,重现性好,适用于该药的临床药代动力学研究。

RP-HPLC法测定正常人血浆中阿司匹林酯酶活性

目的:建立同时测定血浆中阿司匹林和水杨酸浓度的高效液相色谱法,采用水杨酸浓度与阿司匹林和水杨酸浓度之和的比值表示阿司匹林酯酶的活性。方法:色谱条件:采用 Phenomenex C_(18)(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0.072 mmol·L^(-1)磷酸(22:78,v/v),流速1.0 mL·min^(-1),检测波长228 nm,柱温30℃。测定阿司匹林和水杨酸浓度,计算水杨酸浓度与阿司匹林和水杨酸浓度之和的比值,绘制概率分布直方图。结果:100名健康人血浆阿司匹林酯酶活性呈正态性分布;33名健康女性和67名健康男性血浆中阿司匹林酯酶活性均显示呈正态性分布。结论:本方法简便、准确、快速,适合于体外血浆中阿司匹林酯酶活性测定研究。

HPLC法测定人血浆中的舒芬太尼浓度

目的:建立测定人血浆中舒芬太尼血药浓度的 HPLC 方法。方法:以丁丙诺啡为内标,采用正己烷-无水乙醇(19:1,v/v)进行液-液萃取。采用 Diamonsil—C_(18)柱(4.6 mm×200mm,5μm),以0.01 mol·L^(-1)KH_2PO_4-乙腈(65:35,v/v,pH 5.6)为流动相,流速为1.5 mL·min^(-1),检测波长230 nm。结果:舒芬太尼在7.8125～12500 ng·mL^(-1)范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9976),最低检测浓度为4 ng·mL^(-1)。高、中、低浓度(12500,625,31.25 ng·mL^(-1))样本方法的平均回收率均大于97%;高、中、低浓度(12500,625,31.25 ng·mL^(-1))样本日内变异分别为4.65%,6.72%,6.68%,日间变异分别为8.65%,7.49%,13.19%。结论:本方法简便,准确,稳定性好,能够满足血浆中低浓度舒芬太尼的测定及临床药代动力学研究的要求。

HPLC-MS/MS法测定人血浆中甲氨蝶呤浓度的不确定度评定

目的评定液质联用法(HPLC-MS/MS)在测定人血浆中甲氨蝶呤(MTX)浓度时的不确定度。方法分析HPLC-MS/MS法测定人血浆中MTX浓度时的不确定度来源,计算不确定度并进行合成和扩展。结果人血浆中MTX低浓度(0.025μmol·L-1)和高浓度(0.653μmol·L-1)的扩展不确定度分别为0.0016μmol·L-1和0.034μmol·L-1(P=95%,k=2)。结论 HPLC-MS/MS法测定人血浆中MTX浓度的不确定度在低浓度时主要由回收率、曲线拟合、生物样品配制和基质效应引入,在高浓度时主要由生物样品配制、回收率和基质效应引入。

人血浆中盐酸多奈哌齐的HPLC-MS测定法(英文)

目的 :建立人血浆中盐酸多奈哌齐的HPLC MS法。方法 :血样经饱和NaHCO3 碱化后用乙酸乙酯提取 ,进行HPLC MS分析 ,色谱柱为HypersilODS(5μm ,2 50mm× 4 6mm) ,流动相为甲醇 水 三乙胺 冰醋酸 (70∶3 0∶0 3∶0 3 ) ,内标为盐酸非洛普 ,检测离子为m /z 3 80 (多奈哌齐 )、m/z 3 4 4 (内标 ) ,裂解电压为 12 0V。结果 :在 0 2～ 2 0ng/ml范围内多奈哌齐与内标峰面积比值与浓度线性关系良好 (r =0 9996) ,最低可定量浓度为 0 1ng/ml,提取回收率为 87 52 %～ 90 91%。结论 :本实验建立的分析方法灵敏、准确。