Fermentative bio-hydrogen production using lignocellulosic waste biomass:a revie

Solid waste management needs,increasing pollution level by burning or dumping of waste,and the use of fossil fuels and depleting energy resources are a few of the problems of the decade that need to find answers.Disposal of lots of compound polymers-rich biomass waste is done worldwide by dumping on land or into water bodies or else by incineration or long-term storage in an available facility commonly.This kind of disposal instead becomes a reason to add the soil,water,and air pollution.A lot of multidisciplinary collaboration in different streams of science and technology has added to the efficiency of using such waste for use as an alternative energy form,like biogas and biohydrogen.The use of biogas plants for converting biological waste into methane using municipal solid waste(MSW)is known since a long time.Along with MSW,a lot of other agricultural waste and kitchen waste are also added every day to nature.But the complex components of such waste material like lignocellulosic wastes still don’t pass the test of qualifying as a resource for biogas and even more energy-efficient and cleaner biofuel,bio-hydrogen.It may be because of its complicated structure and a lot of parameters that affect its use for converting it into bio-hydrogen.This review is designed to analyze and compare these parameters for optimum lignocellulosic waste conversion,more specifically agriculture and food waste,into cleaner energy forms that would help to tackle the solid waste management and air pollution control more effectively.

Effects of Dilute Acid-intensified Hydrolysis on Fermentative Biohydrogen Production Capacity of Maize Stalk

[Objective] This study was to explore the effects of dilute acid hydrolysis on fermentative biohydrogen production capacity of maize stalk. [Method] Using maize stalks subjected to mechanical disintegration,steam explosion and dilute acid hydrolysis as experimental materials,we measured and analyzed the effects of different treatments and particle size of maize stalk were analyzed. [Result] The optimal fermentative biohydrogen production was found under following parameters：pretreatment of 0.8% dilute H2SO4 following steam explosion,particle size of maize stalk of 0.425-0.850 mm,liquid-solid ratio [0.8% H2SO4 （M）：stalk （W）] of 10：1. [Conclusion] Post steam explosion,dilute 0.8% dilute H2SO4 intensified hydrolysis on maize stalk could produce fermentative biohydrogen production capacity.

Influence of Production Factors on the Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Fermented Cassava Dough and Sensory Evaluation of Attieke

Attieke is an Ivorian semolina which obtained by fermenting, pressing and steaming cassava dough. Attieke production remains a traditional activity carried out by less literate women. However, perceived differences in measurable factors and attieke qualities require an investigation of their influence on the characteristics of the pressed dough and attieke. The aim of this study is to improve the quality of the dough in relation to that of the attieke produced. The experiment was carried out on 4 production factors, namely the type of boiled or braised ferment, the incorporation rate of the ferment between 8 and 10%, the addition of oil from 0.1 to 1% and the fermentation time from 12 to 15 hours applied to the Improved African Cassava (IAC) variety. A complete experiment design of 16 samples of fermented dough and attieke was employed. These samples underwent physic-chemical analyses for the fermented dough and sensory evaluation for the attieke. It was found that, except for titratable acidity, reducing sugar content and ash content, the physico-chemical characteristics of the dough of IAC variety were significantly influenced by all production factors and their interaction. Fermentation time significantly influences 60% of the physico-chemical characteristics of the fermented dough. The type of ferment, the oil addition and the ferment rate have a significant influence at 40% of these characteristics. At the sensory level, color, acidity and grain binding with an explained variance of 34.60% were essential for the appreciation of the attieke samples. Thus, these production factors could be considered for the improvement of the fermented dough and attieke production process.

Effect of initial substrate and biomass concentrations on anaerobic fermentative hydrogen production in batch reactors

The effects of initial substrate (5-60 g /L) and biomass concentration (0.5-3 g /L) on fermentative hydrogen production by mixed cultures were investigated in batch tests using glucose as substrate.The experimental results showed that the hydrogen production increases as the initial substrate concentration increases from 0 to 25 g /L.It indicated that the shift in the metabolic pathway or in the composition of the bacterial flora occurs.The maximum hydrogen yield of 1.78 mol /mol-glucose is obtained at the substrate concentration of 15 g /L.This study also shows that initial biomass concentration affects the hydrogen yield as the cumulative hydrogen production has been increased with the increase of initial cell concentration up to 1.5 g /L and reached the highest level.The maximum hydrogen yield is obtained at the cell concentration of 1.5 g /L.It indicated that the optimum biomass /substrate ratio,maximizing the hydrogen yield and the hydrogen production rate,is determined to be 0.1 g biomass /g glucose.

Fermentative Biohydrogen Production with Enteric Bacteria Isolated from the Intestine of Wild Common Carp Dwelling in Tarim River Basin

The biological hydrogen generating from fermentation of low-cost lignocellulosic feedstocks by hydrogen-producing bacteria has attracted many attentions in recent years. In the present investigation, ten hydrogen-producing bacteria were newly isolated from the intestine of wild common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), and identified belonging to the genera of Enterobacter and Klebsiella based on analysis of the 16S rDNA gene sequence and examination of the physiological and biochemical characteristics. All the isolates inherently owned the ability to metabolize xylose especially the cotton stalk hydrolysate for hydrogen production with hydrogen yield (HY) higher than 100 mL·L-1. In particular, two isolates, WL1306 and WL1305 obtained higher HY, hydrogen production rate (HPR), and hydrogen production potential (HPP) using cotton stalk hydrolysate as sugar substrate than the mixed sugar of glucose & xylose, which obtained the HY of 249.5 ± 29.0, 397.0 ± 36.7 mL·L-1, HPR of 10.4 ± 1.2, 16.5 ± 1.5 mL·L-1·h-1, HPP of 19.5 ± 2.3, 31.0 ± 2.8 mL·L-1·g-1sugar, separately. The generation of soluble metabolites, such as the lactate, formate, acetate, succinate and ethanol reflected the mixed acid fermentation properties of the hydrogen production pathway.

Application Effect of Cassava Starch Anaerobic Fermentation Liquid on Watermelon Production

In order to find out a new way for environment-friendly and resourcelized utilization of cassava starch processing wastewater, the cassava starch anaerobic fermentation liquid was applied in watermelon production, and its effects on the growth and development, yield and fruit quality of watermelon were investigated. The results showed that the cassava starch anaerobic fermentation liquid significant- ly promoted the vegetative and reproductive growth and improved the yield and fruit quality of watermelon. Compared with conventional fertilization, the application of cassava starch anaerobic fermentation both with COD concentration of 1 200 mg/L according to the amount of 150 t/hm2 promoted the growth of vines and leaves of watermelon plants, brought forward the flowering, fruiting and harvest of watermelon and significantly increased the fruit number, fruit weight, yield, fruit size, fruit shape index, soluble solid content, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content and Vita- min C content of watermelon. At the same time of improving the yield and quality of watermelon, cassava starch anaerobic fermentation liquid was turned into treasure as a liquid fertilizer. This study provides a new ideal for the yield and quality im- provement of watermelon and the wastewater treating of starch factories.

Effects of thermally pretreated temperature on bio-hydrogen production from sewage sludge

Hydrogen can be obtained by anaerobic fermentation of sewage sludge. Therefore, in this paper the effects of thermally pretreated temperatures on hydrogen production from sewage sludge were investigated under different pre-treatment conditions. In the thermal pretreatment, some microbial matters of sludge were converted into soluble matters from insoluble ones. As a result, the suspended solid（SS） and volatile suspended solid（VSS） of sludge decreased and the concentration of soluble COD（SCOD） increased, including soluble carbohydrates and proteins. The experimental results showed that all of those pretreated sludge could produce hydrogen by anaerobic fermentation and the hydrogen yields under the temperatures of 121℃ and 50℃ were 12.23 ml/g VS（most） and 1.17 ml/g VS （least）, respectively. It illuminated that the hydrogen yield of sludge was affected by the thermally pretreated temperatures. Additionally, the endurance of high hydrogen yield depended on the translation of microbial matters and inhibition of methanogens in the sludge. The temperatures of 100℃ and 121℃ （treated time, 30 min） could kill or inhibit completely the methanogens while the others could not. To produce hydrogen and save energy, 100℃ was chosen as the optimal temperature for thermal pretrcatment. The composition changes in liquid phase in the fermentation process were also discussed. The SCOD of sludge increased, which was affected by the pretreatment temperature. The production of volatile fatty acids in the anaerobic fermentation increased with the pretreatment temperature.

Identification and fermentation optimization of protopectinase-overproducing strain Aspergillus niger CD-01 for pectin production

In order to solve the citrus peel resource waste problem protopectinase-overproducing strain CD-01 for pectin production and minimize the drawbacks of chemical extraction of pectin, a was isolated from a pit soil dumped with perished orange in Changde City, Hunan Province of China. The strain CD-01 had the same morphology and 28S rRNA gene sequence （FJ184995） as that of Aspergillus niger （ATCC 64028）. It was thus identified and named as Aspergillus niger CD-01. The fermentation condition was optimized based on L9（34） orthogonal experimental design and the variances analyses. The results show that the optimal condition for producing pectin is as follows： time 36 h, temperature 35 ℃, pH 5, and urea as the nitrogen source. Under this condition, the pectin yield can reach up to 24.5%. This shows a great potential of Aspergillus niger CD-01 in pectin extraction from citrus.

Effects of brewers' spent grain protein hydrolysates on gas production, ruminal fermentation characteristics, microbial protein synthesis and microbial community in an artificial rumen fed a high grain diet

Background: Brewers' spent grain(BSG) typically contains 20% – 29% crude protein(CP) with high concentrations of glutamine, proline and hydrophobic and non-polar amino acid, making it an ideal material for producing valueadded products like bioactive peptides which have antioxidant properties. For this study, protein was extracted from BSG, hydrolyzed with 1% alcalase and flavourzyme, with the generated protein hydrolysates(AlcH and FlaH)showing antioxidant activities. This study evaluated the effects of AlcH and FlaH on gas production, ruminal fermentation characteristics, nutrient disappearance, microbial protein synthesis and microbial community using an artificial rumen system(RUSITEC) fed a high-grain diet.Results: As compared to the control of grain only, supplementation of FlaH decreased(P < 0.01) disappearances of dry matter(DM), organic matter(OM), CP and starch, without affecting fibre disappearances;while AlcH had no effect on nutrient disappearance. Neither AlcH nor FlaH affected gas production or VFA profiles, however they increased(P < 0.01) NH_3-N and decreased(P < 0.01) H_2 production. Supplementation of FlaH decreased(P < 0.01)the percentage of CH_4 in total gas and dissolved-CH_4(dCH_4) in dissolved gas. Addition of monensin reduced(P < 0.01) disappearance of nutrients, improved fermentation efficiency and reduced CH_4 and H_2 emissions.Total microbial nitrogen production was decreased(P < 0.05) but the proportion of feed particle associated(FPA) bacteria was increased with FlaH and monensin supplementation. Numbers of OTUs and Shannon diversity indices of FPA microbial community were unaffected by AlcH and FlaH;whereas both indices were reduced(P < 0.05) by monensin. Taxonomic analysis revealed no effect of AlcH and FlaH on the relative abundance(RA) of bacteria at phylum level, whereas monensin reduced(P < 0.05) the RA of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and enhanced Proteobacteria. Supplementation of FlaH enhanced(P < 0.05) the RA of genus Prevotella, reduced Selenomonas, Shuttleworthia, Bifidobacterium and Dialister as compared to control;monensin reduced(P < 0.05) RA of genus Prevotella but enhaced Succinivibrio.Conclusions: The supplementation of FlaH in high-grain diets may potentially protect CP and starch from ruminal degradation, without adversely affecting fibre degradation and VFA profiles. It also showed promising effects on reducing CH_4 production by suppressing H_2 production. Protein enzymatic hydrolysates from BSG using flavourzyme showed potential application to high value-added bio-products.

Rumen methane output and fermentation characteristics of gramineous forage and leguminous forage at differing harvest dates determined using an in vitro gas production technique

An in vitro rumen gas production technique was employed to determine the methane production and fermentation characteristics of Leymus chinensis and Medicago ruthenica at differing harvest dates（May 15,May 30,June 30,July 30,August 30 and September 30）,which are sequential phases within a single continuous growth of two 10-year-old pastures.To quantify the rate of degradation and compare in vitro rumen fermentation characteristic,a logistic-exponential model,where initial gas volume was zero（LE_0）,was used to fit gas production and methane output results.Dried,milled forage samples were incubated in vitro for 72 h at 39℃ and gas production was recorded intermittently throughout the incubation and gas samples were collected to measure methane production.Results showed that there were significant interactions between species and harvest for all chemical composition variables（P〈0.001） and condensed tannin content（P〈0.001）.L.chinensis produced more total gas and methane than M.ruthenica（P〈0.001）.Both total gas and methane production decreased lineally（P〈0.001） with advancing harvest date.The degradation rates of L.chinensis and M.ruthenica harvested on September 30 were lower than those on the other harvest dates（P〈0.01）.M.ruthenica fermented fluid had higher concentration of ammonia N（P〈0.05） and molar proportions of isobutyrate（P〈0.01）,valerate（P〈0.001） and isovalerate（P〈0.01） in total volatile fatty acids than L chinensis.Furthermore,concentration of isovalerate decreased cubically with advancing harvest date（P〈0.05）.In conclusion,M.ruthenica produced less methane than L.chinensis and the total gas and methane production decreased with advancing harvest date for both species,which may be due to the changes in contents of chemical compositions and condensed tannin in forages.

Research Advance on Application of Microbial Fermented Fodder in Broilers Production: A Short Review

Recently, interest in animal production and poultry production in particular has increased, because poultry meat and eggs and their products are more widely consumed than other products. Human health is also considered one of the priorities. Nowadays, the fermentation industry has become very popular due to its great benefits in the pharmaceutical industry, the improvement of foodstuffs and the animal feed industry and its improvement. Moreover, microbial fermentation can enhance the content and digestibility of nutrients in nontraditional diets while decreasing the quantity of crude fiber and anti-nutritional elements such as tannins. The functional components (organic acids, bioactive peptides, lactic acid bacteria) found in microbial fermented feed can increase meat production in cattle, pigs, and sheep, and broiler productivity, carcass quality, intestinal health, immunological function, and so on. This paper examines the application study of microbial fermented feed in broiler production and serves as a resource for microbial fermented feed promotion and use in broiler production.

Optimization of Mycelial Biomass Production in Submerged Culture Fermentation of <i>Pleurotus flabellatus</i>Using Response Surface Methodology

The factors selected to optimize the productivity of Pleurotus flabellatus biomass in 250ml working volume Erlenmeyer flask were agitation rate, initial pH value and incubation temperature. The central composite design was applied to study the significant factors and the interactions between the chosen factors, if present. The Design Expert software generated 20 runs. The optimized conditions obtained were as follows: the agitation rate of 129.8 rpm, incubation temperature at 27.8&degC, and initial pH of 6.06. The optimized conditions tripled the productivity at the range of 980 - 1040 mg/litre/day compared to the initial rate productivity at 310 mg/litre/day. From the quadratic equation,the agitation rate, temperature and the interaction between agitation rate and temperature were found to be significant (p < 0.05). At optimum conditions, the experimental data supported the theoretical estimate.

Influence of Metal Ions on Hydrogen Production by Photosynthetic Bacteria Grown in Escherichia coli Pre-Fermented Cheese Whey

The photosynthetic bacteria, Rodospirillum rubrum, produced hydrogen when grown in cheese whey in presence of light. The production increased three times as much when whey was used after being incubated in presence of Escherichia coli at 37℃ for 5 days, giving a total of 3600 ml of H2 in 10 days. The presence of Fe ions (5 mg/L) enhanced H2 production of treated whey to about 6000 ml in 10 days. Mo ions (0.3 and 1.6 mg/l) did not affect achieved H2 production of treated whey. However, when Fe and Mo ions were present together, the production was comparable with that of Mo ions alone, i.e. Mo prevented Fe of producing any enhancing effect. The addition of Mn ions (7.68 mg/L) to treated whey containing Fe (5 mg/L) and Mo ions (8 mg/L) increased H2 production to give about 9500 ml/10 days.

On-farm use of legume (<i>Phaseolus calcaratus</i>) and Ruzi grass on rumen fermentation and milk production in lactating dairy cows

The experiment was conducted on 10 small-holder dairy farmers under the administration of Dairy Promotion Organization of Thailand (DPO) in the Northeast region of Thailand. The aim of the research was to investigate the effect of legume (Phaseolus calcaratus, PC) as roughage mixed with Ruzi grass for dairy cows. Fours cows per farm were assigned into 2 groups including Ruzi grass (control) and PC mixed with ruzi grass (at the ratio 50:50), were given ad libitum as a roughage sources. All cows were offered a concentrate with ratio to milk yield of 1:2. The results revealed that roughage source did not affect on ruminal pH and temperature, ammonia nitrogen, blood urea nitrogen, and milk urea nitrogen concentrations. Total volatile fatty acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid proportions, and acetic acid to propionic acid ratio were not significantly different among treatments. Dry matter intake and digestibility of nutrient including dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were not significantly different among treatments. Moreover, amount of digested dry mater was similar among treatments. However, cows received PC mixed with Ruzi grass tended to be higher on dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein digestibility and dry matter digestible nutrient intake than control group. Milk yield, and 3.5% fat corrected milk were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in cow fed with PC mixed Ruzi grass than those the control group. Milk compositions and feed cost were similar among treatments;in contrast, the income and profit from milk selling were greater in cows fed with PC mixed with Ruzi grass than the control. High quality roughage such as PC mixed with Ruzi grass could be advantages for dairy farming in the Northeast of Thailand.

Production of Lipase Using Cassava Peel and Sunflower Oil in Solid-State Fermentation： Preliminary Study

Full use of residues from industrial processes is a fundamental necessity of contemporary society, since it avoids impacts to the environment by using residues as inputs for other products of high economic and social importance. In this study, lipase production of the crude enzymatic extracts obtained by Aspergillus niger using cassava peel as substrate and sunflower oil as an inductor was investigated. The optimized cultivation temperature and concentration of inductor were determined using the response surface methodology. The two variables studied exercised influence in the production of lipase in the 95% level of confidence. The response surface obtained indicated that the conditions that maximize lipase activity production were 30.5 ~C and initial concentration of sunflower oil was 2.5% （w/w）. Through this analysis, it is evident that extremes in temperature and concentration of inductor tend to decrease lipase production, since low temperatures decrease metabolism and high temperatures may inactivate the lipase. Optimum lipase yield was 59.8 U/g of dry peel which was fermented for 60 h. Lipase production presents a peak of 61.3 U/g, at 72 h of fermentation. However, this value is statistically equal （p 〉 0.05） of the value of lipase activity obtained for 60 h and 84 h of fermentation.

Methodological factors affecting gas and methane production during in vitro rumen fermentation evaluated by meta-analysis approach

Effects of some methodological factors on in vitro measures of gas production（GP, mL/g DM）, CH4production（mL/g DM） and proportion（% CH4 on total GP） were investigated by meta-analysis. These factors were considered：pressure in the GP equipment（0 = constant; 1 = increasing）, incubation time（0 = 24; 1 = ≥ 48 h）, time of rumen fluid collection（0 = before feeding; 1 = after feeding of donor animals）, donor species of rumen fluid（0 = sheep; 1 =bovine）, presence of N in the buffer solution（0 = presence; 1 = absence）, and ratio between amount of buffered rumen fluid and feed sample（BRF/FS; 0 = ≤ 130 mL/g DM; 1 = 130–140 mL/g DM; 2 = ≥ 140 mL/g DM）. The NDF content of feed sample incubated（NDF） was considered as a continuous variable. From an initial database of 105 papers, 58 were discarded because one of the above-mentioned factors was not stated. After discarding 17 papers,the final dataset comprised 30 papers（339 observations）. A preliminary mixed model analysis was carried out on experimental data considering the study as random factor. Variables adjusted for study effect were analyzed using a backward stepwise analysis including the above-mentioned variables. The analysis showed that the extension of incubation time and reduction of NDF increased GP and CH4 values. Values of GP and CH4 also increased when rumen fluid was collected after feeding compared to before feeding（＋26.4 and ＋9.0 mL/g DM, for GP and CH4）,from bovine compared to sheep（＋32.8 and ＋5.2 mL/g DM, for GP and CH4）, and when the buffer solution did not contain N（＋24.7 and ＋6.7 mL/g DM for GP and CH4）. The increase of BRF/FS ratio enhanced GP and CH4production（＋7.7 and ＋3.3 mL/g DM per each class of increase, respectively）. In vitro techniques for measuring GP and CH4 production are mostly used as screening methods, thus a full standardization of such techniques is not feasible. However, a greater harmonization of analytical procedures（i.e., a reduction in the number of available protocols） would be useful to facilitate comparison between results of different experiments.

Effect of Substitution of Fermented Kapok Seed （Ceiba petandra） to Soybean Meal on Production and Egg Quality from Native Laying Hens

This study aimed to determine the level of use of fermented kapok seed to substitute 100% soybean meal in native laying hen rations without adverse effect on laying hen production. Two hundred and forty laying hens aged 20 weeks were used in this experiment. The completely randomized design was assigned with six treatments to replace 0, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of soybean meal with fermented kapok seed with four replications. The variables measured were feed intake, feed conversion and income over feed cost （gross profit）, as well as variables related to egg production （hen day production and egg weight）, thickness of eggshell and yolk color index for quality of eggs. Data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance （ANOVA）, and if the result shows a marked influence, it will be followed by Duncans test （DMRT）. The results showed that the performance of laying hen had not been affected significantly by substituting soybean meal with fermented kapok seed. Feed intake, feed conversion and egg production is not influenced either. In summary, the use of fermented kapok seed to substitute soybean meal in the ration can be up to 100% in the diet of laying chicken.

Conditional Optimization of Laccase Production by Whiterot Fungi through Fermentation

Phanerochaete chrysosporium was selected as the production strain of laccase,and the effects of stirring speed,ventilation volume,culture temperature,inoculation amount and initial p H of medium on laccase production by liquid fermentation in cylinder were studied.On the basis of single factor test,an orthogonal test was carried out to find optimal conditions for laccase production P.chrysosporium through liquid fermentation.These results showed that the stirring speed of fermentation cylinder had the highest effect on laccase production,and the optimal conditions were shown as follows:the temperature at 28℃,the rotating speed at 300 r/min,the ventilation volume of 5 L/min(ventilation ratio of 1.0 vvm),the initial p H of medium of 5,and the inoculation amount of 15%,which gave the highest laccase level of 14.86 U/ml.

Selection of Relevant Variables to the Enzyme Production on Red Grape Pomace by Solid-State Fermentation

With the aim of to valorise red grape pomace and to reduce its environmental impact, the production of enzymatic preparations appear as an interesting choice. Statistical experimental Plackett-Burman designs were applied for the selection of relevant medium components and culture conditions for cellulase, xylanase, polygalacturonase and tannase production by Aspergillus awamori, in solid-state fermentation on red grape pomace. Ten variables were tested： initial moisture content （IMC）, particle size （PS）, temperature, initial pH, time of cultivation, mixing （Mx）, and additions of： fructose, tannic acid, sodium phosphate, and ammonium sulphate （ASA）. Results indicate that the production of each enzyme was affected in a distinct way by the different variables. Also, for each of the enzyme activities considered, IMC must be carefully controlled, and optimized above 65%; PS and Mx, must not be taken into account and ASA must be discarded. The other variables studied, must be selected according to the enzyme activity that will be favored.

Effects of Fermented Nano Chinese Herbal Medicines Replacing Antibiotics on Production Performance and Carcass Quality of Growing-Finishing Pigs

[Objectives]To study the effects of fermented nano Chinese herbal medicines replacing antibiotics on the production performance and carcass quality of growing-finishing pigs.[Methods]200 healthy and disease-free Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire(DLY)growing-finishing pigs with similar birth time(45±2 d)and body weight of about 31.5 kg were randomly divided into group A(fed with non-antibiotic basal diet),group B(fed with antibiotic basal diet),group C(fed with non-antibiotic basal diet+0.1%fermented nano Chinese herbal medicine preparation),group D(fed with non-antibiotic basal diet+0.3%fermented nano Chinese herbal medicine preparation)and group E(fed with non-antibiotic basal diet+0.5%fermented nano Chinese herbal medicine preparation).The experiment lasted for 90 d.At the end of the experiment,the production performance and carcass indicators were measured.[Results]Compared with group A,the final weight,average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake(ADFI)of groups B,C,D and E were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),while the feed-to-gain ratio(F/G)was extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with group B,the ADG of group E was significantly increased(P<0.05),while the F/G was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with group A,the slaughter rate and carcass length of pigs in groups B,C,D and E were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01);compared with group B,the slaughter rate of groups D and E was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01).[Conclusions]The fermented nano Chinese herbal medicine preparation has better effects in promoting growth than that of antibiotic additives,and it can significantly improve the carcass quality of growing-finishing pigs.