Medicinal plants with hepatoprotective activity in Iranian folk medicine

There are a number of medicinal combinations in the Iranian traditional medicine which are commonly used as tonic for liver.In this review,we have introduced some medicinal plants that are used mainly for the treatment of liver disorders in Iranian folk medicine,with focus on their hepatoprotective effects particularly against CCI_4 agent.In this study,online databases including Web of Science.PubMed.Scopus,and Science Direct were searched for papers published from January 1970 to December 2013.Search terms consisted of medicinal plants,traditional medicine,folk medicine,hepatoprotective.Iran,liver,therapeutic uses,compounds,antioxidant.CCI_4.anti-inflammatory,and antihepatotoxic,hepatitis,alone or in combination.Allium hirtifolium Boiss..Apium graveolens L..Cynara scolyinus.Berberis vulgaris L..,Calendula officinalis,Nigella sativa L..Taraxacum officinale.Tragopogon porrifolius.Prangos ferulacea L..Allium sativum,Marribium vulgare,Ammi majus L..Citrullus lanatus Thunb.Agrimonia eupatoria L.and Primus armeniaca L.are some of the medicinal plants that have been used for the treatment of liver disorders in Iranian folk medicine.Out of several leads obtained from plants containing potential hepatoprotective agents,silymarin,P-sitosterol,betalain,neoandrographolide.phyllanthin.andrographolide.curcumin.picroside.hypophyllanlhin.kutkoside,and glycyrrhizin have been demonstrated to have potent hepatoprotective properties.Despite encouraging data on possibility of new discoveries in the near future,the evidence on treating viral hepatitis or other chronic liver diseases by herbal medications is not adequate.

环孢素A血药浓度对环孢素A联合雄激素与复方硫酸亚铁治疗再生障碍性贫血效果的影响

目的 探讨环孢素A血药浓度对环孢素A联合雄激素与复方硫酸亚铁治疗再生障碍性贫血（AA）效果的影响,为合理使用环孢素A提供参考.方法 选择2010年1月至2013年12月苏州沧浪医院血液科收治的126例AA患者为研究对象.根据患者疾病严重程度,分为重型AA组（n=55）与非重型AA组（n=71）,均给予环孢素A联合雄激素与复方硫酸亚铁治疗,观察不同时间的治疗效果,比较重型AA组与非重型AA组治疗有效率,并比较治疗有效组与治疗无效组环孢素A血药浓度差异,以及不同环孢素A血药浓度对治疗效果的影响.本研究遵循的程序符合苏州市沧浪医院人体试验委员会所制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,征得受试对象的知情同意,并与之签署临床研究知情同意书.重型AA组与非重型AA组患者的性别、年龄等一般临床资料比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结果 环孢素A联合雄激素与复方硫酸亚铁免疫治疗本组AA患者6个月时,治疗有效率为78.86％（97/123）,明显高于治疗2和3个月时的有效率,且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;非重型AA患者治疗2,3及6个月时,治疗有效率分别为83.10％,88.72％与95.71％,均显著高于重型AA患者,且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;治疗3个月时,治疗有效组AA患者的环孢素A血药谷浓度与血药峰浓度分别为（198.87±68.45）μg/L与（742.15±188.95） μg/L,均明显高于无效组,且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;环孢素A血药谷浓度≥200 μg/L组治疗有效率（94.83％）明显高于血药谷浓度＜200μg/L组,且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;血药峰浓度≥700 μg/L组治疗有效率（92.31％）显著高于血药峰浓度＜700 μg/L组,且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 环孢素A血药浓度与环孢素A联合雄激素与复方硫酸亚铁治疗AA患者的治疗效果相关,其血药谷浓度≥200 μg/L及血药峰浓度≥700 μg/L可作为一个较佳治疗窗.