Electroencephalogram(EEG) signals provide important brain information in healthcare settings. Wet electrodes have several limitations, including their time-consuming preparation and no long-term acquisition, and dry e...Electroencephalogram(EEG) signals provide important brain information in healthcare settings. Wet electrodes have several limitations, including their time-consuming preparation and no long-term acquisition, and dry electrodes have become a promising candidate. However, dry electrodes face several challenges related to signal quality, comfort, conductivity and cost.This study aims to develop and evaluate a novel dry electrode for EEG recordings. The electrode material properties are characterized by electrochemical, mechanical force, and skin measurements. The electrode performance is evaluated by comparing the impedance, signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), and EEG signal features of the proposed electrode with those of a wet electrode and two commercial dry electrodes. The dry electrode design is based on the biological structure of the sea anemone and demonstrates an improved scalp fit and reduced signal noise and motion artifacts. The electrode materials include advanced conducting polymers combined with thermoplastic elastomers(TPEs) and carbon nanotubes(CNTs), which exhibit good electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and safety. A low-cost injection molding fabrication method is proposed. The dry electrodes show a scalp contact impedance of 7 kΩ at 20 Hz, which is lower than that of wet and commercial dry electrodes.Resting-state EEG and event-related potential signals collected by the anemone dry electrode achieved more than 90% similarity with signals acquired by wet electrodes. Thus, a low-cost, comfortable anemone dry electrode that exhibits excellent EEG recording performance is presented. The anemone dry electrode represents an important technological advance in material and structural design for EEG recording sensors.展开更多
Background Refex seizures(RS)induced by micturition are extremely rare,and the clinical and electroencephalogram features of RS are not widely known among clinicians.In particular,the origin of the epileptic area is s...Background Refex seizures(RS)induced by micturition are extremely rare,and the clinical and electroencephalogram features of RS are not widely known among clinicians.In particular,the origin of the epileptic area is still unclear.Case presentation An 8-year-old girl who had generalized tonic-clonic seizures was diagnosed with RS induced by micturition based on the clinical manifestation and EEG recordings.We also reviewed the clinical and EEG characteristics of RS induced by micturition in literature by searching the databases of PubMed and MEDLINE using keywords“micturition refex seizure”,“refex seizure induced by micturition”,and“micturition induced seizure”by January 2022.We speculate that the mechanism of micturition-induced RS may involve excessive neuronal excitation in regions that participate in micturition.Conclusions The RS in this patient was considered to be induced by micturition.Awareness should be raised to this rare form of RS among practitioners.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U20A20191, 82202291, 61727807, and 12104049)。
文摘Electroencephalogram(EEG) signals provide important brain information in healthcare settings. Wet electrodes have several limitations, including their time-consuming preparation and no long-term acquisition, and dry electrodes have become a promising candidate. However, dry electrodes face several challenges related to signal quality, comfort, conductivity and cost.This study aims to develop and evaluate a novel dry electrode for EEG recordings. The electrode material properties are characterized by electrochemical, mechanical force, and skin measurements. The electrode performance is evaluated by comparing the impedance, signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), and EEG signal features of the proposed electrode with those of a wet electrode and two commercial dry electrodes. The dry electrode design is based on the biological structure of the sea anemone and demonstrates an improved scalp fit and reduced signal noise and motion artifacts. The electrode materials include advanced conducting polymers combined with thermoplastic elastomers(TPEs) and carbon nanotubes(CNTs), which exhibit good electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and safety. A low-cost injection molding fabrication method is proposed. The dry electrodes show a scalp contact impedance of 7 kΩ at 20 Hz, which is lower than that of wet and commercial dry electrodes.Resting-state EEG and event-related potential signals collected by the anemone dry electrode achieved more than 90% similarity with signals acquired by wet electrodes. Thus, a low-cost, comfortable anemone dry electrode that exhibits excellent EEG recording performance is presented. The anemone dry electrode represents an important technological advance in material and structural design for EEG recording sensors.
基金This work was supported by the Public Welfare Technology Research Program of Zhejiang Province(LGF20H090011)the Key Projects of Major Health Science and Technology Plan of Zhejiang Province(WKJ-ZJ-2129)the Educational Reform Project of Medical College of Zhejiang University(jgyb20202033).
文摘Background Refex seizures(RS)induced by micturition are extremely rare,and the clinical and electroencephalogram features of RS are not widely known among clinicians.In particular,the origin of the epileptic area is still unclear.Case presentation An 8-year-old girl who had generalized tonic-clonic seizures was diagnosed with RS induced by micturition based on the clinical manifestation and EEG recordings.We also reviewed the clinical and EEG characteristics of RS induced by micturition in literature by searching the databases of PubMed and MEDLINE using keywords“micturition refex seizure”,“refex seizure induced by micturition”,and“micturition induced seizure”by January 2022.We speculate that the mechanism of micturition-induced RS may involve excessive neuronal excitation in regions that participate in micturition.Conclusions The RS in this patient was considered to be induced by micturition.Awareness should be raised to this rare form of RS among practitioners.
