980-nm all-fiber mode-locked Yb-doped phosphate fiber oscillator based on semiconductor saturable absorber mirror and its amplifier

A 980-nm semiconductor saturable absorber mirror（SESAM） mode-locked Yb-doped phosphate fiber laser is demonstrated by using an all-fiber linear cavity configuration. Two different kinds of cavity lengths are introduced into the oscillator to obtain a robust and stable mode-locked seed source. When the cavity length is chosen to be 6 m, the oscillator generates an average output power of 3.5 m W and a pulse width of 76.27 ps with a repetition rate of 17.08 MHz. As the cavity length is optimized to short, 4.4-m W maximum output power and 61.15-ps pulse width are produced at a repetition rate of 20.96 MHz. The output spectrum is centered at 980 nm with a narrow spectral bandwidth of 0.13 nm. In the experiment, no undesired amplified spontaneous emission（ASE） nor harmful oscillation around 1030 nm is observed. Moreover,through a two-stage all-fiber-integrated amplifier, an output power of 740 m W is generated with a pulse width of 200 ps.

A theoretical and experimental study on all-normal-dispersion Yb-doped mode-locked fiber lasers

We report on a theoretical and experimental study of an all-normal-dispersion （ANDi） Yb-doped mode-locked fiber laser, in which nonlinear polarization rotation （NPR） is used to realize mode-locking without any dispersion compensation. Based on the coupled nonlinear Schr6dinger （CNLS） equation, a model simulating the mode-locked process of an all-normal-dispersion ring fiber laser is developed, which shows that the achievement of stable mode-locking depends on the alignment of the polarization controller （PC） along the fast-polarization axis of the fiber, the birefringence intensity, and the net cavity dispersion. According to the theoretical analysis, stable mode-locked pulses with pulse duration 300 ps and average output power 33.9 mW at repetition rate 36 MHz are obtained.

Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Enhancement Factor Improvement in a 11.6-GHz-Linewidth 1.5-kW Yb-Doped Fiber Amplifier

The stimulated Brillouin scattering （SBS） threshold enhancement factor in a pure white noise linewidth broad- ening Yb-doped fiber amplifier （YDFA） with a short large mode area fiber is theoretically and experimentally studied. We demonstrate a 1064.08nm, 11.6 GHz finewidth, 1.5 k W output power YDFA with an SBS threshold enhancement of -57 （26 W SBS threshold with single frequency seed）. The output beam is near-diffraction lim- ited with a beam quality factor elM2 = 1.15 and a slope efficiency of up to 87%. No SBS or stimulated Raman scattering effects are observed in the whole power range. Further power sealing is limited by the available pump power in our system.

Tunable and Switchable Narrow Bandwidth Semiconductor-Saturable Absorber Mirror Mode-Locked Yb-Doped Fiber Laser Delivering Different Pulse Widths

The wavelength-tunable and switchable narrow bandwidth mode-locking operation is demonstrated in an all fiber laser based on semiconductor-saturable absorber mirror （SESAM）. Two narrow-band fiber Bragg gratings centered at 1029.9nm and 1032nm respectively with a polarization controller inserted between them are used to realize the wavelength switchable between 1029.9nm and 1032nm. The laser delivers different pulse widths of 7.5ps for 1030nm and 20ps for 1032nm. The maximum output power for both could reach -6.5mW at single pulse operation. The output wavelength couM be tuned to about 0.gnm intervals ranging from 1030.2nm to 1031.1 nm and from 1032.15nm to 1033.7nm with the temperature change of the fiber Bragg grating, respectively.

Generation of Broadband Spectrum from a Simple Nonlinear-Polarization-Evolution Mode-Locked Yb-Doped Fiber Oscillator

We demonstrate a nonlinear polarization evolution mode-locked Yb-doped fiber oscillator with the broadband spectrum output operating in a dispersion-managed regime. Pumped by a 976 nm single-mode laser diode, stable mode-locked ultrashort pulses are emitted with an average power of 198mW at a repetition rate of 124MHz, corresponding to a pulse energy of 1.6nJ. The output spectrum spans from 950nm to ll50nm so that the transform-limited pulse duration is as short as 23 fs. Due to the imperfect dispersion compensation, we compress the pulses to 32 fs in this experiment.

Wideband All-Polarization-Maintaining Yb-Doped Mode-Locked Fiber Laser Using a Nonlinear Optical Loop Mirror

We report on a wide-band and stable mode-locked all-polarization-maintaining fiber laser configuration using a nonlinear optical loop mirror. The central wavelength of the laser is 1080.14nm and the 3dB bandwidth is 20.29nm. The repetition rate of the pulse is 3.28 MHz and the pulse width is 848ps. By tuning the pump power, which is centered at 980nrn, from 300mW to 380mW, we obtain a linearly changed output power from 6row to 7.12roW. The all-polarization-mMntaining fiber configuration is fundamental to the stability of the output power.

Experimental Investigation of Wavelength-Tunable All-Normal-Dispersion Yb-Doped Mode-Locked Fiber Lasers:Compression and Amplification

Wavelength-tunable ultrashort pulse source with high energy is highly desired for a lot of applications. The wavelength-tunable all-normal-dispersion （ANDi） mode-locked fiber laser, which can be compressed easily and amplified by an all-fiber structure, is a promising seed of such a source with compact structures. The pulse compression and amplification at different center wavelengths （from 1026 to 1058nm） of the tunable ANDi Yb- doped mode-locked fiber lasers that we previously proposed are experimentally investigated in this work. It is found that, for different wavelengths, the duration and chirp of the direct output pulse from the oscillator vary considerably, however, the duration of compressed pulse fluctuates less. For the amplification process, due to the unf/at gain spectrum of Yb-doped fiber, the gain at a short wavelength is larger than that at a long wavelength. Consequently, the trends of spectrum distortions induced by the amplification process are different for different wavelengths. These results and analyses will be helpful for the design of a high-energy and wavelength-tunable ultrashort pulse source based on an ANDi seed.

Passively Q-Switched Yb-Doped Fiber Laser Operating at 1.06 μm with Two-Dimensional Silver Nanoplate as Saturable Absorber

A two-dimensional silver nanoplate is prepared with the seed-mediated growth method and is used for achieving pulse fiber laser operation. By controlling the dimension parameters of the silver nanoplate, the surface plasmon resonance absorption peak of the material is successfully adjusted to 1068 nm. Based on the silver nanoplate as a saturable absorber, a passively Q-switched Yb-doped fiber laser operating at 1062 nm is demonstrated. The maximum average output power of 3.49mW is obtained with a minimum pulse width of 1.84#s at a pulse repetition rate of 65.TkHz, and the corresponding pulse energy and peak power are 53.1 nJ and 28.8mW, respectively.

Electromagnetism and Absorptivity of the Modified Micro-coiled Chiral Carbon Fibers

Micro-coiled chiral carbon fibers are modified by nano-Ni. X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） are used to compare the composition and morphology of the unmodified and the modified fibers. The results show that electromagnetism parameters of the modified are different from those of the unmodified. After modification by nano-Ni, the micro-coiled chiral carbon fibers have decreased permittivity and electrical loss. The permeability and magnetic loss of the modified carbon fibers become larger than those of the unmodified ones. Moreover, the modification of unmodified chiral carbon fibers into the modified is much like changing hollow electric windings into those with magnetic cores inside. The modifier intensifies the cross polarization of the chiral carbon fibers and makes the permittivity and the permeability get closer to each other which improves the matching performance and enhances absorbability of coatings. In the range of 6-18 GHz, the reflectivity of the coating is 6-8dB and the bandwidth is 12 GHz. The area density of the coating is below 3 kg/m^2.

保偏光纤内外涂层应力对光纤双折射的影响分析

通过研究熊猫型保偏光纤的应力区结构和材料的热膨胀系数、杨氏模量、泊松比,得出了提升保偏光纤双折射的方法。根据内外涂层材料低温特性不同,得出了减小光纤涂层直径能增强光纤双折射的结论。利用COMSOL有限元分析软件建立了光纤环内部受力模型,并分析了光纤涂层材料和不同厚度比例对绕制张力的抑制效果。仿真结果表明,当光纤包层直径和外涂层直径一定时,存在内外涂层最佳厚度比例,较原光纤厚度比例抑制绕制张力效果提升约10%,内外涂层的杨氏模量、泊松比的改变也能有效地减小绕制张力的作用。

检偏器对轴角度误差对光纤环偏振耦合测量的影响研究

为了分析检偏器偏振轴与光纤偏振主轴间的对轴角度误差对光纤环偏振耦合强度测量结果的影响,从理论上分析了采用光相干域偏振检测(OCDP)技术测试光纤环偏振耦合强度的基本原理,建立了光纤环中偏振耦合点耦合强度与检偏器对轴角度间的关系模型。根据模型仿真分析了耦合点偏振耦合强度测量值随检偏器对轴角度的变化规律。仿真结果表明:当检偏器偏振轴与光纤环偏振轴夹角为45°时测量误差最小,夹角偏离45°越大,产生的强度测量误差越大。当检偏器偏振轴与光纤环偏振轴的对轴误差为0.6°时,对轴误差引起的偏振耦合强度测量误差为0.18 dB。将对轴误差控制在3°以内,可使得偏振轴对轴误差引起的偏振耦合强度测量误差<1 dB。

玻璃纤维增强聚醚醚酮线圈骨架内径收缩控制

分析某控制棒驱动机构(简称CRDM)样机研制中,国产玻璃纤维增强聚醚醚酮线圈骨架内径收缩问题,通过试验查找问题原因,结合CRDM线圈制造工艺,提出线圈骨架原材料制造和线圈绕制中控制内径收缩改进措施,经过实践证明有效。

Theoretical and Numerical Study of Stress and Thermo-Optic in Photonic Crystal Fiber Laser in Different Pump Schemes

In this paper, we present a study of thermal, average power scaling, change in index of refraction and stress in photonic crystal fiber lasers with different pump schemes: forward pump scheme, backward pump scheme, forward pump scheme with reflection of 98%, backward pump scheme with reflection of 98% and bi-directional pump scheme. We show that management of thermal effects in fiber lasers will determine the efficiency and success of scaling-up efforts. In addition, we show that the most suitable scheme is the bi-directional.

Effect of Coiling Temperature on Ti(C,N) Precipitation and Properties of Batch Annealed DC06EK Enamel Steel

The effects of hot-strip coiling temperature on Ti（C,N） precipitation, texture and hydrogen permeation behavior in DC06 EK enamel steel were investigated by TEM, EBSD test and electrochemical hydrogen permeation experiment. It was found that the Ti（C,N） particles in hot-strip coarsened with increasing coiling temperature, whereas after cold-rolling and annealing, the size difference of Ti（C,N） particles was lessened. The hot-strip coiling temperature has a significant impact on the recrystallized texture in the subsequent cold-rolled and annealed sheet. Hot-strip using high temperature（700 ℃） coiling leads to strong {111} recrystallized texture in annealed sheet, with peak intensity 9.2. On the contrary, in annealed sheets using hot-strip coiling at 650 ℃, their {111} recrystallized textures were weaker, which was also reflected in their rmvalues. Even though the hydrogen diffusion coefficient is slightly lower（7.76×10^（-5） mm^2/s） in annealed sheet using low temperature coiling（600 ℃）, appropriately higher coiling temperature is more suitable for DC06 EK enamel steel combining both good drawability and fish-scale resistance.

Comparative Study of the Birefringence in Photonic Crystal Fiber Lasers

In this paper, we study the birefringence in photonic crystal fiber lasers PCFs and in conventional fiber lasers in the bi-directional pump scheme in the linear cavity laser. We show that the value of birefringence in photonic crystal fibers is smaller than that of conventional fiber lasers [1].

陀螺用超细径保偏光纤机械强度评估方法

针对陀螺应用场景下超细径保偏光纤机械强度评估需求,提出一种基于可拉伸骨架的超细径保偏光纤强度评估方法,超细径保偏光纤绕制于可拉伸骨架之上形成光纤环圈可模拟出成环应力过程,采用该光纤环圈构建光纤陀螺,环圈骨架内的压电堆栈可驱动骨架带动超细径保偏光纤周期性拉伸,对超细径保偏光纤起到应力激励施加效果可激发光纤疲劳以实现光纤强度快速评估与筛选,同时在超细径保偏光纤内形成相位调制功能以实现陀螺偏置调制,陀螺信号长期输出变化情况可表征超细径保偏光纤力学特性优劣。该方法能够体现出超细径保偏光纤成环应力施加的复杂性和陀螺应用光纤长期张紧、弯曲等条件下应力长期演变性,有助于陀螺用超细径保偏光纤强度评估与筛选。

双端输出全光纤振荡器突破8 kW高功率输出

双端输出光纤激光振荡器可以通过一个单谐振腔结构实现两路激光输出,能够减少高功率光纤激光系统的体积和成本,在工业领域有着很好的应用前景。基于双端泵浦谐振腔结构,采用稳波长981nm光纤耦合半导体激光器(LD)泵浦纤芯/包层直径为30/400μm的双包层掺镱光纤,首次实现了总功率大于8 kW的双端输出光纤激光振荡器。在总最高泵浦功率为10.951 kW时,A端输出功率为3769 W,B端输出功率为4400 W,总功率为8169 W,激光器光-光转换效率74.6%,A、B端激光光束质量M2因子分别约2.13和2.36。在最高输出功率时,两端输出激光中均未观察到动态模式不稳定效应(TMI)和受激拉曼散射(SRS),通过进一步增加泵浦功率,有望实现更高功率的激光输出。

基于改进YOLO算法的光纤环绕制缺陷检测

作为光纤陀螺仪的核心部件,光纤环的绕制质量对光纤陀螺的精度至关重要。为了保证光纤环绕制的准确率和效率,提出了一种基于改进YOLO算法的目标检测方法。该方法采用Shufflenetv2网络来替代YOLO主干网络中的卷积层和池化层,提升了网络的特征提取能力;加入Focus模块提升训练速度;采用K-means聚类算法对原始锚框进行聚类,得到适用于光纤绕制缺陷的预测框,提高缺陷检测的准确率;同时修改损失函数,使用CIOU来计算定位损失,使用Focal Loss作为置信度损失和分类损失函数,加快网络收敛;并进行了数据增强,增强了网络的泛化能力。实验结果表明,改进后的YOLO算法的平均准确率达到了99.63%,相比于原始的YOLOv3-tiny算法提升了2.06%,检测速度达到91 fps,这将保证了光纤环的绕制系统的实际应用。

连续油管分布式光纤测井技术在产出剖面中的应用

传统生产测井工艺的井下测试仪器易被塔里木东河油田注气受效井井筒内沥青质糊死,不能完成涡轮流量曲线测量,流体密度测量也受到较大影响。引进的连续油管光纤测井技术将光纤穿入连续油管内,随着连续油管下入井中,实现全井段的温度和声波等参数实时测量。测井过程中不需要来回移动光缆,消除了传统测试工具必须在井中来回移动测量扰动井内环境平衡造成的数据偏差,使测井结果更高效、更准确。结合油藏、地质工程数据,对解释成果进行分析,结果与实际生产情况相符,验证了连续油管分布式光纤测井的适用性和技术优势。该技术在××1-10H井成功应用,为油田油气井动态监测提供了新的技术手段。

光纤环多极对称绕法对Shupe误差抑制效果仿真分析

Shupe误差是高精度光纤陀螺(IFOG)工程化过程中的最大瓶颈问题之一。建立一个精确到匝的光纤环有限元模型,基于此模型,并在不同温度激励下分析八极、十六极和三十二极对称绕法的温度性能。仿真结果表明:相对于八极对称绕法,采用十六极对称绕法和三十二极对称绕法的光纤陀螺能够有效抑制热致陀螺漂移,且十六极对称绕法的抑制效果最好。这对高精度IFOG的光纤环绕制方法的选择提供了指导。