[ Objective] To investigate the effects of proportion of dry matter of different organs in whole-plant dry matter on neutral detergent fiber （NDF） content in silage com. [ Metbod] A total of 36 crosses were develope...[ Objective] To investigate the effects of proportion of dry matter of different organs in whole-plant dry matter on neutral detergent fiber （NDF） content in silage com. [ Metbod] A total of 36 crosses were developed from nine inbred lines, according to complete diallel crossing design. The NDF contents and proportion of dry matter in different organs were statistically analyzed. [ Result] The NDF contents were significantly different between different organs of silage corn, and the proportion of dry matter and NDF content had significant correlation in different organs. The wholeplant NDF content was positively correlated with the proportion of dry matter in straw, stem and leaf as well as bract and spike-stalk, but it was negatively correlated with the proportion of dry matter in ear. [Conclusion] TO reduce NDF content in straw and to increase grain yield are efficient ways to improve quality of silage corn.展开更多
The damage process and corrosion ion distribution in concrete, which was exposed to 60 and 170 drying-immersion cycles of sulfate solution, were systematically investigated. The effects of plain concrete, plain concre...The damage process and corrosion ion distribution in concrete, which was exposed to 60 and 170 drying-immersion cycles of sulfate solution, were systematically investigated. The effects of plain concrete, plain concrete mixed with 4 and 8 kg/m^3 modified PP fiber and high-performance concrete（HPC） mixed with 0.8 kg/m^3 fine PP fiber on the damage process were also studied. The experimental results showed that thenarditeinduced surface scaling, as well as gypsum-and ettringite-induced cracks, were the main degradation forms of concrete under attack of sulfate solution and drying–immersion cycles. The relative dynamic modulus of elasticity of concrete initially increased, then reached stability and finally decreased to failure. The sulfate diffusion coefficients of plain and HPC were 10^（-12） and 10^（-13） m^2/s, respectively. The concentration of sodium ion increased with depth, then maintained stability and finally decreased rapidly with concrete depth. The content of calcium ion on the concrete surface was 110%-150% of that in the interior of specimens. Although fiber worsened the surface scaling of concrete, better resistance capacity of sulfate ion penetration into concrete was observed in plain concrete with 4 kg/m^3 modified PP fiber and HPC.展开更多
The mullite-SiC castables for coke dry quenching（CDQ）furnace corbel pillar were prepared by taking mullite and silicon carbide as aggregates,silicon carbide powder,fused silica powder,α-Al2O3powder and silica fume ...The mullite-SiC castables for coke dry quenching（CDQ）furnace corbel pillar were prepared by taking mullite and silicon carbide as aggregates,silicon carbide powder,fused silica powder,α-Al2O3powder and silica fume as matrix,calcium aluminate cement as binding system,and extra-adding steel fibers to extend the CDQ furnace refractory life.The effects of steel fiber types（melt pumping meniscus,cut straight,wavy indentation,cold-drawn hook）and steel fiber extra-additions（0,1%,2%,3%by volume）on the properties of mullite-SiC castables were investigated.Then the toughening mechanism of steel fiber in the castables was analyzed according to the load-displacement curves.The results show that：（1）the toughening effects of the melt pumping meniscus steel fiber with rough surface and colddrawn hook steel fiber with strong anchoring effect with the matrix are better than those of cut straight steel fiber and wavy indentation steel fiber;（2）the suitable amount of steel fiber（less than 2%）in mullite-SiC castables not only significantly improves the mechanical properties,thermal shock resistance and wearing resistance,but also improves the fracture energy by 49.0%and slows the crack growth;（3）the bond strength and mechanical anchoring force between steel fiber and castable interface are key elements of steel fiber reinforced castables.展开更多
Background: Dry skin induces antihistamine-resistant itch, as well as epidermal hyperinnervation, which is partly responsible for peripheral itch sensitization. In acute dry skin, topical application of emollients pre...Background: Dry skin induces antihistamine-resistant itch, as well as epidermal hyperinnervation, which is partly responsible for peripheral itch sensitization. In acute dry skin, topical application of emollients prevents the penetration of nerve fibers into the epidermis. However, the effects of emollients on itch and epidermal hyperinnervation in individuals with chronic dry skin are poorly understood. Objective: This study examined the effects of Tenshino-softgelTM (TSG) on itch-related behavior, epidermal hyperinnervation and skin barrier function in a chronic dry skin model mouse. Methods: Chronic dry skin was induced by application of acetone/ether (1:1) mixture and water (AEW) to the rostral parts of the back of hairless mice twice daily for six consecutive days. As treatment, TSG or, as control, Vaseline (V) was applied to the same areas twice daily. Skin barrier function was evaluated by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL) before each treatment. Scratching behavior was recorded and analyzed using a SCLABA®-real system, and skin samples were collected for immunohistochemical assays. Results: TEWL tended to be lower and scratching bouts fewer in AEW + TSG- than in AEW-treated mice. The numbers of protein gene product 9.5-immunoreactive fibers and substance P-immunoreactive fibers were each significantly lower in the epidermis of AEW + TSG- than of AEW-treated mice, but the expression of nerve growth factor in epidermis was similar in the three groups. Semaphorin 3A expression was significantly higher in the epidermis of AEW + TSG- than of AEW- and AEW + V-treated mice. Conclusion: Topical application of TSG may attenuate itch induced by chronic dry skin through a mechanism involving the inhibition of epidermal hyperinnervation.展开更多
基金funded by the Foundation for Humanities and Social Science,Basic Science and Youth of Beijing University of Agriculture in 2009
文摘[ Objective] To investigate the effects of proportion of dry matter of different organs in whole-plant dry matter on neutral detergent fiber （NDF） content in silage com. [ Metbod] A total of 36 crosses were developed from nine inbred lines, according to complete diallel crossing design. The NDF contents and proportion of dry matter in different organs were statistically analyzed. [ Result] The NDF contents were significantly different between different organs of silage corn, and the proportion of dry matter and NDF content had significant correlation in different organs. The wholeplant NDF content was positively correlated with the proportion of dry matter in straw, stem and leaf as well as bract and spike-stalk, but it was negatively correlated with the proportion of dry matter in ear. [Conclusion] TO reduce NDF content in straw and to increase grain yield are efficient ways to improve quality of silage corn.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51378269 and 5142010501)the Chinese National Basic Research Program of China(No.2015CB655100)the 111 Program
文摘The damage process and corrosion ion distribution in concrete, which was exposed to 60 and 170 drying-immersion cycles of sulfate solution, were systematically investigated. The effects of plain concrete, plain concrete mixed with 4 and 8 kg/m^3 modified PP fiber and high-performance concrete（HPC） mixed with 0.8 kg/m^3 fine PP fiber on the damage process were also studied. The experimental results showed that thenarditeinduced surface scaling, as well as gypsum-and ettringite-induced cracks, were the main degradation forms of concrete under attack of sulfate solution and drying–immersion cycles. The relative dynamic modulus of elasticity of concrete initially increased, then reached stability and finally decreased to failure. The sulfate diffusion coefficients of plain and HPC were 10^（-12） and 10^（-13） m^2/s, respectively. The concentration of sodium ion increased with depth, then maintained stability and finally decreased rapidly with concrete depth. The content of calcium ion on the concrete surface was 110%-150% of that in the interior of specimens. Although fiber worsened the surface scaling of concrete, better resistance capacity of sulfate ion penetration into concrete was observed in plain concrete with 4 kg/m^3 modified PP fiber and HPC.
文摘The mullite-SiC castables for coke dry quenching（CDQ）furnace corbel pillar were prepared by taking mullite and silicon carbide as aggregates,silicon carbide powder,fused silica powder,α-Al2O3powder and silica fume as matrix,calcium aluminate cement as binding system,and extra-adding steel fibers to extend the CDQ furnace refractory life.The effects of steel fiber types（melt pumping meniscus,cut straight,wavy indentation,cold-drawn hook）and steel fiber extra-additions（0,1%,2%,3%by volume）on the properties of mullite-SiC castables were investigated.Then the toughening mechanism of steel fiber in the castables was analyzed according to the load-displacement curves.The results show that：（1）the toughening effects of the melt pumping meniscus steel fiber with rough surface and colddrawn hook steel fiber with strong anchoring effect with the matrix are better than those of cut straight steel fiber and wavy indentation steel fiber;（2）the suitable amount of steel fiber（less than 2%）in mullite-SiC castables not only significantly improves the mechanical properties,thermal shock resistance and wearing resistance,but also improves the fracture energy by 49.0%and slows the crack growth;（3）the bond strength and mechanical anchoring force between steel fiber and castable interface are key elements of steel fiber reinforced castables.
文摘Background: Dry skin induces antihistamine-resistant itch, as well as epidermal hyperinnervation, which is partly responsible for peripheral itch sensitization. In acute dry skin, topical application of emollients prevents the penetration of nerve fibers into the epidermis. However, the effects of emollients on itch and epidermal hyperinnervation in individuals with chronic dry skin are poorly understood. Objective: This study examined the effects of Tenshino-softgelTM (TSG) on itch-related behavior, epidermal hyperinnervation and skin barrier function in a chronic dry skin model mouse. Methods: Chronic dry skin was induced by application of acetone/ether (1:1) mixture and water (AEW) to the rostral parts of the back of hairless mice twice daily for six consecutive days. As treatment, TSG or, as control, Vaseline (V) was applied to the same areas twice daily. Skin barrier function was evaluated by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL) before each treatment. Scratching behavior was recorded and analyzed using a SCLABA®-real system, and skin samples were collected for immunohistochemical assays. Results: TEWL tended to be lower and scratching bouts fewer in AEW + TSG- than in AEW-treated mice. The numbers of protein gene product 9.5-immunoreactive fibers and substance P-immunoreactive fibers were each significantly lower in the epidermis of AEW + TSG- than of AEW-treated mice, but the expression of nerve growth factor in epidermis was similar in the three groups. Semaphorin 3A expression was significantly higher in the epidermis of AEW + TSG- than of AEW- and AEW + V-treated mice. Conclusion: Topical application of TSG may attenuate itch induced by chronic dry skin through a mechanism involving the inhibition of epidermal hyperinnervation.
