Experimental and analytical study on seismic behavior of steel-concrete multienergy dissipation composite shear walls

In this paper, a steel-concrete multi-energy dissipation composite shear wall, comprised of steel-reinforced concrete （SRC） columns, steel plate （SP） deep beams, a concrete wall and energy dissipation strips, is proposed. In order to study the multi-energy dissipation behavior and restorability after an earthquake, two stages of low cyclic loading tests were carded out on ten test specimens. In the first stage, test on five specimens with different number of SP deep beams was carried out, and the test lasted until the displacement drift reached 2%. In the second stage, thin SPs were welded to both sides of the five specimens tested in the first stage, and the same test was carried out on the repaired specimens （designated as new specimens）. The load-bearing capacity, stiffness, ductility, hysteretic behavior and failure characteristics were analyzed for both stages and the results are discussed herein. Extrapolating from these results, strength calculation models and formulas are proposed herein and simulations using ABAQUS carried out, they show good agreement with the test results. The study demonstrates that SRC columns, SP deep beams, concrete wall and energy dissipation strips cooperate well and play an important role in energy dissipation. In addition, this study shows that the shear wall has good recoverability after an earthquake, and that the welding of thin SP＇s to repair a deformed wall is a practicable technique.

Experimental Investigation on Compressive Properties of Fiber Recycled Aggregate Concrete

This paper presents an experimental study to explore the compressive properties of fiber recycled aggregate concrete.A total of 75 specimens with the replacement rate of recycled coarse aggregate and fiber type were conducted under a uniaxial compressive test.The failure modes,stress-strain whole curves,peak stress,peak strain,and energy dissipation capacity were systematically observed and revealed.Test results indicate that steel fiber has the best modification effect on energy dissipation capacity and the toughness index of recycled concrete,corresponding to the enhancement of 81.75% and 22.90% on average.The addition of polyvinyl alcohol fiber can effectively improve the compressive strength and energy dissipation capacity of recycled aggregate concrete by 28.49% and 29.43% on average,respectively.The compressive strength and energy dissipation capacity of recycled aggregate concrete is increased by an average of 16.5% and 24.4% by incorporating carbon fiber.The energy dissipation capacity of recycled aggregate concrete is increased by an average of 13.5% with the incorporation of polypropylene fiber.However,the addition of carbon fiber results in a slight reduction of toughness by 16.97%,and the effect of polyvinyl alcohol fiber on the energy dissipation capacity is limited.Besides,with the increase in replacement rate,the compressive strength and the energy dissipation capacity of recycled coarse aggregate concrete with fiber decreased,and toughness first decreased and then increased.Finally,based on the analysis of test data,a segment-based stress-strain model of fiber recycled aggregate concrete was proposed,which shows good agreement with the test results.

Experimental studies on behavior of fully grouted reinforced-concrete masonry shear walls

An experimental study is conducted on fully grouted reinforced masonry shear walls (RMSWs) made from concrete blocks with a new configuration. Ten RMSWs are tested under reversed cyclic lateral load to investigate the influence of different reinforcements and applied axial stress values on their seismic behavior. The results show that flexural strength increases with the applied axial stress, and shear strength dominated by diagonal cracking increases with both the amount of horizontal reinforcement and applied axial stress. Yield displacement, ductility, and energy dissipation capability can be improved substantially by increasing the amount of horizontal reinforcement. The critical parameters for the walls are derived from the experiment: displacement ductility values corresponding to 15% strength degradation of the walls reach up to 2.6 and 4.5 in the shear and flexure failure modes, respectively; stiffness values of flexure- and shear-dominated walls rapidly degrade to 17%–19% and 48%–57% of initial stiffness at 0.50 Dmax (displacement at peak load). The experiment suggests that RMSWs could be assigned a higher damping ratio (～14%) for collapse prevention design and a lower damping value (～7%) for a fully operational limit state or serviceability limit state.

Progressive collapse resisting capacity of reinforced concrete load bearing wall structures

Reinforced concrete(RC) load bearing wall is widely used in high-rise and mid-rise buildings. Due to the number of walls in plan and reduction in lateral force portion, this system is not only stronger against earthquakes, but also more economical. The effect of progressive collapse caused by removal of load bearing elements, in various positions in plan and stories of the RC load bearing wall system was evaluated by nonlinear dynamic and static analyses. For this purpose, three-dimensional model of 10-story structure was selected. The analysis results indicated stability, strength and stiffness of the RC load-bearing wall system against progressive collapse. It was observed that the most critical condition for removal of load bearing walls was the instantaneous removal of the surrounding walls located at the corners of the building where the sections of the load bearing elements were changed. In this case, the maximum vertical displacement was limited to 6.3 mm and the structure failed after applying the load of 10 times the axial load bored by removed elements. Comparison between the results of the nonlinear dynamic and static analyses demonstrated that the "load factor" parameter was a reasonable criterion to evaluate the progressive collapse potential of the structure.

Development of a new connection for precast concrete walls subjected to cyclic loading

The Industrialized Building System （IBS） was recently introduced to minimize the time and cost of project construction. Accordingly, ensuring the integration of the connection of precast components in IBS structures is an important factor that ensures stability of buildings subjected to dynamic loads from earthquakes, vehicles, and machineries. However, structural engineers still lack knowledge on the proper connection and detailed joints o fiBS structure construction. Therefore, this study proposes a special precast concrete wall-to-wall connection system for dynamic loads that resists multidirectional imposed loads and reduces vibration effects （PI2014701723）. This system is designed to connect two adjacent precast wall panels by using two steel U-shaped channels （i.e., male and female joints）. During casting, each joint is adapted for incorporation into a respective wall panel after considering the following conditions： one side of the steel channel opens into the thickness face of the panel; a U-shaped rubber is implemented between the two channels to dissipate the vibration effect; and bolts and nuts are used to create an extension between the two U-shaped male and female steel channels. The developed finite element model of the precast wall is subjected to cyclic loads to evaluate the performance of the proposed connection during an imposed dynamic load. Connection performance is then compared with conventional connections based on the energy dissipation, stress, deformation, and concrete damage in the plastic range. The proposed precast connection is capable of exceeding the energy absorption of precast walls subjected to dynamic load, thereby improving its resistance behavior in all principal directions.

Deformation Damage and Energy Evolution of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete under the Triaxial Compression

To explore the law of energy evolution and the change of damage before and after specimen failure,the conventional triaxial compression tests(5,10,15,20,and 30 MPa)of basalt fiber reinforced concrete(BFRC)with different fiber volume fractions(0,0.2%and 0.4%)were carried out by MTS816 rock testing system,and the cyclic loading and unloading tests of BFRC with a fiber content of 0.2%were carried out.The experimental results show that the peak strength and strain of BFRC increase with the increase of confining pressure.Tensile failure occurs under low confining pressure,and shear failure occurs under high confining pressure.The best volume fraction of fiber is 0.2%.Under different confining pressures,the input energy,elastic energy,plastic properties,and dissipated energy of the samples first increase and then decrease to a stable level.The elastic energy and dissipated energy reach the maximum near the peak stress,while the input energy and plastic properties reach the maximum at the peak.At the same time,the damage increases continuously with the input of load under different confining pressures,indicating that the failure of the specimen is a process of energy accumulation.

焊接多腔双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙抗震性能分析

大多数双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙采用螺栓连接或焊接肋的方式使钢板和混凝土协同工作。然而,这种连接方式可能导致整体性和塑性变形效率较低,且制作复杂,焊接多腔双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙能够有效地避免这些问题。为了深入研究焊接多腔双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙的抗震性能,基于约束混凝土真三轴塑性-损伤本构模型和钢材弹塑性混合强化-韧性损伤本构模型,建立了组合剪力墙的精细化三维实体-壳模型,将模拟所得的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化曲线、弹性刚度、承载力、累积耗能、等效阻尼粘滞系数和延性系数与已有拟静力试验结果相比较,发现两者吻合较好。分析结果表明:轴压比对组合剪力墙模型算例刚度和承载力的影响较小,而随剪跨比增大,组合剪力墙模型算例的刚度和承载力呈线性降低;轴压比对组合剪力墙模型算例总塑性耗能的影响较小,而剪跨比的影响较大,剪力墙总塑性耗能随剪跨比增大而降低;轴压比和剪跨比都不会改变算例各部件的耗能分配机制,即组合剪力墙模型算例以外钢板和内隔板耗能为主。

乌兹别克斯坦9度区某超高层建筑结构设计与优化

对于9度设防地区的超高层建筑,其结构设计基本由地震作用控制,因此抗震设计尤为重要。建筑消能减震技术可在提高结构地震安全储备的同时,降低整体工程造价,是结构优化设计的有效措施。对位于9度区的超高层建筑进行了结构方案选型对比、结构方案优化、减震设计方案比选、剪力墙内嵌钢板优化。结果显示,钢骨混凝土框架⁃核心筒方案相对于钢框架⁃支撑方案具备更高的成本优势;框架⁃核心筒方案可通过精细化设计作进一步优化;在此基础上,对钢骨混凝土框架⁃核心筒方案采用两种消能减震方案进行比选,结果表明,采用黏滞阻尼器方案的结构抗震性能明显优于采用黏滞阻尼墙方案;最后通过增大剪力墙竖向分布钢筋配筋率,对低区核心筒墙肢中的内嵌钢板进行了优化。

CFRP-不锈钢夹层管混凝土柱轴压试验及承载力计算方法

为了提升薄壁不锈钢结构的承载性能和耐久性,在不锈钢管内外壁粘贴碳纤维增强复合材料(Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer,CFRP)复合约束海水海砂混凝土,制得一种CFRP-不锈钢夹层管海水海砂混凝土结构。以CFRP粘贴层数和方式为变化参数,对18个短柱试件进行了单调轴心受压试验,观察了试件的受力破坏过程及形态,获取了荷载-位移曲线和材料应变分布数据,分析了试件轴压力学性能的变化规律。结果表明:内外贴CFRP能有效地提高结构的承载能力和变形能力;无CFRP和内贴CFRP试件的破坏形态均为剪切破坏,但破坏形态会随着外贴CFRP层数的增加向腰鼓破坏转变;在相同粘贴方式下,试件的承载能力、变形能力和耗能能力随着CFRP层数的增加呈非线性提高;在相同粘贴层数下,内贴CFRP的力学性能提升效果优于外贴CFRP,粘贴1层和2层CFRP时,内贴试件的极限承载力相较于外贴试件能再提高5.6%和6.7%,同时内贴1层CFRP的试件的耗能能力与外贴2层CFRP的相当;应变分析显示,在试件破坏前,CFRP与不锈钢协同工作良好。文中最后基于极限平衡法,考虑不锈钢的应变硬化效应,提出了CFRP-不锈钢夹层管混凝土柱极限轴压承载力的计算公式,并收集了73个样本的数据进行验证,发现计算值与试验值较为吻合。

动载下玄武岩纤维混凝土能量耗散特征与破坏损伤规律

本文基于分离式霍普金森压杆试验装置,在4种不同的应变率下研究了4种不同玄武岩纤维掺量混凝土的破坏行为和能量耗散特征。结果表明:随应变率的增加,不同玄武岩纤维掺量混凝土的分形维数均线性增加,掺入纤维会降低分形维数增长的速率;混凝土的入射能、反射能、耗散能均呈线性增长趋势,透射能呈轻微下降趋势。随纤维掺量的增加,不同应变率下玄武岩纤维混凝土的分形维数先增大后减小,耗散能密度呈先增大后减小再增大的“S”形趋势。随着分形维数的增长,不同玄武岩纤维掺量混凝土的耗散能密度均呈线性增长。当纤维体积分数为0.1%时,混凝土的性能最优,可承受的损伤最大。

碳纤维及碳纤维布混凝土抗冻性及能量耗散试验研究

为探究碳纤维增强方式对混凝土材料抗冻性能及能量耗散影响规律,利用纵波波速仪以及电液伺服压力机获取冻融循环作用(0,25,50,75,100次)后四种混凝土(素混凝土、碳纤维混凝土、碳纤维布混凝土、碳纤维及碳纤维布混凝土)的纵波波速及力学性能,分析碳纤维增强方式、冻融循环次数对试件相对动弹性模量、峰值应力、能量耗散及损伤度影响规律。结果表明:①相较于冻融循环0次素混凝土,冻融循环25,50,75,100次试件相对动弹性模量降幅分别为8.21%、18.33%、30.44%、45.89%,冻融循环次数的增加使试件相对动弹性模量降低,碳纤维及碳纤维布均能减缓试件相对动弹性模量降幅;②冻融循环次数的增加使四种不同混凝土试件峰值应力均呈降低趋势,碳纤维及碳纤维布不仅能够增强试件强度,还能够增强其抗冻性,且两者组合时对试件的提升效果最佳;③相较于未冻融试件,冻融循环25,50,75,100次时弹性变形能降幅分别为3.87%、7.63%、9.67%、12.70%,耗散能降幅分别为10.42%、21.97%、30.16%、41.60%,冻融作用会使试件内部产生损伤,降低试件储能、耗能效果;④三种碳纤维混凝土在达到峰值应力时对应机械损伤度值显著高于素混凝土对应机械损伤度值,碳纤维的增强作用能够有效提升混凝土材料吸能效果、延展性及抗冻性。

冲击荷载作用下改性聚丙烯纤维高强珊瑚混凝土的动力特性

利用100 mm分离式霍普金森压杆装置对改性聚丙烯纤维高强珊瑚混凝土进行冲击压缩试验,分析了三种不同纤维掺量的改性聚丙烯纤维高强珊瑚混凝土试样的动态压缩强度、变形特性及吸能性能。结果表明:不同纤维掺量的改性聚丙烯纤维高强珊瑚混凝土的动态抗压强度、破碎状态、韧性指数等均具有明显的应变率效应。随着纤维掺量的增加,改性聚丙烯纤维高强珊瑚混凝土的破坏程度逐渐减轻,峰值应变增大,韧性指数逐渐增大,能量吸收也呈现上升趋势。改性聚丙烯纤维的掺入能够有效增强增韧并降低珊瑚混凝土的脆性破坏特征。

环口板加强带脱空缺陷的钢管混凝土T型节点滞回性能试验研究

为研究环口板加强带脱空缺陷的钢管混凝土T型节点的抗震性能,完成了12根节点试件在主管受恒定轴拉力与支管受轴向往复荷载作用下的滞回试验,基于试件破坏模式、荷载-位移滞回关系和应变发展考察了采用环口板加强带脱空缺陷T型节点试件的效果,并对比分析支主管直径比和主管径厚比对试件加强效果的影响。试验结果表明:采用环口板加强T型节点有效抑制了脱空缺陷导致的主管塑性变形,并实现带缺陷T型节点承载力、刚度、延性和耗能能力的完全恢复,甚至优于相应的无脱空试件,其中加强试件的承载力较带脱空缺陷试件提升12.6%以上,较无脱空试件提升6.5%以上,表明经合理设计的环口板加强措施能够弥补脱空缺陷对节点抗震性能的不利影响。

木丝水泥填充墙-RC框架抗震性能试验研究

为研究木丝水泥填充墙-钢筋混凝土(RC)框架的抗震性能和破坏机理,共制作五个试件进行低周反复试验,其中一个试件为普通砖填充墙-RC框架对比试件,两个试件为开窗洞的木丝水泥填充墙-RC框架,另外两个试件为添加玻璃纤维网格布的木丝水泥填充墙-RC框架,并分析试件的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性系数、耗能情况与刚度退化等指标。试验结果表明,木丝水泥填充墙-RC框架的抗震性能良好,刚度退化速度远小于普通砖填充墙-RC框架,耗能能力在试件开裂后超过普通砖填充墙-RC框架;在木丝水泥填充墙-RC框架上开窗洞后会削弱其承载力,但破坏时裂缝只是沿四个窗角分别向四个填充墙角扩展,最终形成“X”形裂缝,而木丝水泥填充墙-RC框架与混凝土之间的粘结面未被破坏,在木丝水泥填充墙-RC框架表面加入玻璃纤维网格布后可以减少墙面裂纹的产生,且提高了极限承载力和延性系数,并抑制了刚度的快速下降。

轴向荷载作用下碳纤维布约束损伤混凝土能量耗散试验研究

本文对碳纤维布约束损伤混凝土在轴向荷载作用下的力学性能开展试验研究。设计了混凝土损伤度、碳纤维布层数及碳纤维布缠绕角度三种变量,通过试验结果分析了三种变量对碳纤维布约束混凝土应力-应变曲线、峰值应力、耗能效果及机械损伤度的影响规律。试验结果表明:相较于未损伤试件,0.4σm(σm为未损伤混凝土试件单轴抗压强度)、0.5σm、0.6σm、0.7σm应力幅值损伤下素混凝土损伤度均值分别为7.24%、14.86%、25.31%、36.66%,损伤度与损伤应力幅值间指数函数呈现良好的正相关。碳纤维布的约束作用增强试件峰值应力及延性,0.4σm损伤应力作用后,相较于未粘贴碳纤维布试件,粘贴1,2,3层碳纤维布试件峰值应力增幅分别为34.99%、55.16%、64.42%,碳纤维布粘贴层数与峰值应力间指数函数呈负相关,过量的纤维布使试件应力增幅不再明显。碳纤维布缠绕角度的增大使试件单位体积耗散能线性降低,缠绕角度的增大降低了荷载作用下试件的承载效果。应力损伤幅值的增大使试件机械损伤度降低,碳纤维布层数的增加使试件机械损伤度增加,纤维布的约束保护作用极大提升了试件的耗能效果。

Experimental investigation of engineered geopolymer composite for structural strengthening against blast loads

The recent increase in blast/bombing incidents all over the world has pushed the development of effective strengthening approaches to enhance the blast resistance of existing civil infrastructures.Engineered geopolymer composite(EGC)is a promising material featured by eco-friendly,fast-setting and strain-hardening characteristics for emergent strengthening and construction.However,the fiber optimization for preparing EGC and its protective effect on structural elements under blast scenarios are uncertain.In this study,laboratory tests were firstly conducted to evaluate the effects of fiber types on the properties of EGC in terms of workability,dry shrinkage,and mechanical properties in compression,tension and flexure.The experimental results showed that EGC containing PE fiber exhibited suitable workability,acceptable dry shrinkage and superior mechanical properties compared with other types of fibers.After that,a series of field tests were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of EGC retrofitting layer on the enhancement of blast performance of typical elements.The tests include autoclaved aerated concrete(AAC)masonry walls subjected to vented gas explosion,reinforced AAC panels subjected to TNT explosion and plain concrete slabs subjected to contact explosion.It was found that EGC could effectively enhance the blast resistance of structural elements in different scenarios.For AAC masonry walls and panels,with the existence of EGC,the integrity of specimens could be maintained,and their deflections and damage were significantly reduced.For plain concrete slabs,the EGC overlay could reduce the diameter and depth of the crater and spallation of specimens.

某带空腹桁架的科研楼结构设计

该结构采用框架-剪力墙结构体系,该项目存在竖向抗侧力构件不连续、楼板局部不连续、扭转不规则特点。针对项目扭转不规则,设置了屈曲约束支撑,取得了较好的抗扭转效果。针对竖向抗侧力构件不连续,同时为实现通高大堂,在4层设置了空腹桁架;基于“强化转换层及其下部,相对弱化转换层上部”的设计思想,定量给出了空腹桁架控制指标和内力调整措施。空腹桁架下弦杆采用了预应力型钢混凝土梁的设计,给出了该梁的抗弯、抗剪计算公式。

新型装配式转动摩擦型梁柱十字耗能节点拟静力试验研究

为提高装配式钢筋混凝土梁柱节点的耗能能力,提出了一种新型梁端转动摩擦耗能器RFED(new Beam-end Rotational Friction Energy Dissipation Device,RFED)。选取钢筋混凝土梁柱十字节点为研究对象,对4个采用不同摩擦片的新型装配式摩擦型往复弯曲耗能节点JD1~JD4进行拟静力逐级加载试验与疲劳性能试验。试验结果说明:①RFED能够通过一定程度的反复转动耗能保护预制梁、柱;②JD2、JD3、JD4滞回曲线均表现为饱满的平行四边形,耗能能力强,JD1耗能能力相对较低,且疲劳试验中承载力衰减程度过大;③JD2滑移荷载不能保持稳定;JD4起滑荷载最大达到滑移荷载的2倍左右,不利于准确控制承载力;而JD3耗能能力强、起滑荷载及滑动荷载稳定。因此,JD3所使用的H62黄铜片且钢材表面喷涂无机富锌漆的摩擦面,最适宜于工程应用。

组合式消能减震技术在医疗建筑中的应用分析

文章介绍了一种组合式消能减震技术在某医疗建筑中的应用,该组合式消能减震技术选用位移型的屈曲约束支撑和速度型黏滞阻尼器,将两种不同类型的技术产品组合,既可以给建筑提供有效的抗侧刚度,又能实现较大的附加阻尼比,可满足医疗建筑设防地震正常使用的要求。对某医疗建筑进行组合式减震分析,结果表明,在罕遇地震下,组合式减震可充分利用金属材料的弹塑性和黏滞滞回变形耗散和吸收地震能量,有效降低结构的地震响应,提高建筑的抗震安全储备水平。

Rapid Repair of Earthquake Damaged RC Interior Beam-wide Column Joints and Beam-wall Joints Using FRP Composites

This paper studies the seismic performance of FRP-strengthened RC interior non-seismically detailed beam-wide columns and beam-wall joints after limited seismic damage.Four eccentric and concentric beam-wide column joints and two beam-wall joints,initially damaged in a previous study,were repaired and tested under constant axial loads(0.1fc′Ag and 0.35fc′Ag) and lateral cyclic loading.The rapid repair technique developed,aimed to restore the original strength and to provide minimum drift capacity.The repair schemes were characterized by the use of:(a) epoxy injections and polymer modified cementitious mortar to seal the cracks and replace spalled concrete;and(b) glass(GFRP) and carbon(CFRP) sheets to enhance the joint performance.The FRP sheets were effectively prevented against possible debonding through the use of fiber anchors.Comparison between responses of specimens before and after repair clearly indicated reasonable restoration in strength,drift capacity,stiffness and cumulative energy dissipation capacity.All specimens failed with delamination of FRP sheets at beam-column joint interfaces.The rapid repair technique developed in this study is recommended for mass upgrading or repair of earthquake damaged beam-column joints.