The Pairing Analysis Improvement of Magnetized Structure in Electromagnetic Bulging Process in Case of Tube with Field Shaper

In the current practical science, the accuracy in the formability of metal alloys being the goal when using electromagnetic forming (EMF) technology, which is a high-speed processing technology that uses Lorentz forces to achieve plastic deformation of sheet metal;according to the previous analysis, the results have shown that in most cases, the Lorentz force acting on the workpiece (metal) is not uniform, there are uneven axial deformations of the metal plates which prevent the rapid advancement of today’s technology. In this article, we presented some advanced analyzes which will lead us to improve the technical solution for the problems of non-uniform axial deformations of the metals in the traditional tube electromagnetic forming technology (EMF). A field shaper is used as a practical forming tool to influence the magnetic field and magnetic pressure distribution, thereby improving the forming ability and result during the electromagnetic forming (EMF) process and we see that induced eddy current control is realized by changing the structural parameters of the magnetic field shaper;which improves the strength and controllability of the magnetic force that acts on the workpiece;thereby a greater radial magnetic pressure can be achieved with field shaper than the case without it;the field shaper regulates the electromagnetic force, the distribution of the magnetic pressure decreases, and the uniform force area of the tube increases which effectively enhances the uniform range of the pipe electromagnetic bulging and the electromagnetic induction coupling between the coil and the metallic workpiece is generally required to produce the Lorentz forces. Using COMSOL Multiphysics® simulation software helped us to accurately represent the real world, simulating multiple physical effects that happened in this model during the process.

Unconventional phase field simulations of transforming materials with evolving microstructures

Transforming materials with evolving microstructures is one of the most important classes of smart materials that have many potential technological applications, and an unconventional phase field approach based on the characteristic functions of transforming variants has been developed to simulate the formation and evolution of their microstructures. This approach is advantageous in its explicit material symmetry and energy well structure, minimal number of ma- terial coefficients, and easiness in coupling multiple physical processes and order parameters, and has been applied successfully to study the microstructures and macroscopic prop- erties of shape memory alloys, ferroelectrics, ferromagnetic shape memory alloys, and multiferroic magnetoelectric crys- tals and films with increased complexity. In this topical re- view, the formulation of this unconventional phase field approach will be introduced in details, and its applications to various transforming materials will be discussed. Some ex- amples of specific microstructures will also be presented.

Numerical simulation of temperature field in plasma-arc flexible forming of laminated-composite metal sheets

Flexible forming of laminated-composite metal sheets (LCMS) using plasma arc is a latest technique, which produces LCMS components by thermal stress without mould and external force. Considering that the controllable temperature field is the key during the forming process, a three-layer FEM model, based on the characteristics along LCMS thickness direction, was developed to study the variation rules of temperature field, which was verified robustness by experimental validation. Besides, the influences of process parameters such as plasma arc power, scanning speed and plasma arc diameter on LCMS temperature field were performed. The comparisons of LCMS with single layer metal sheet (SLMS) show the temperature difference of LCMS along thickness direction is smaller than that of SLMS, but the heat-affected zone of LCMS along X axis is wider than that of SLMS under the same process parameters.

REE Geochemistry of Sulfides from the Huize Zn-Pb Ore Field, Yunnan Province: Implication for the Sources of Ore-forming Metals

REE abundances in sulfides from the Huize Zn-Pb ore field were determined with the ICPMS after preconcentration. The REE abundances in 26 sulfide samples （including pyrite, galena and sphalerite） are very low, with the ~REE ranging from 1.6×10^-9 to 166.8×10^-9. Their LREE/HREE ratios range from 7.6 to 98, showing LREE enrichment relatively. The JEu values are below 1, indicating that they were deposited from an Eu-depleted and reducing fluid-system. Similar to the ore-hosting carbonate strata, calcite separates from carbonate veinlets filling in the fractures or faults crosscutting the carbonate strata also show clear Eu-depletion. This indicates that the carbonate veinlets and their parent fluid was possibly sourced from the strata and inherited the REE geochemical features of the strata. Therefore, REE-geochemical characteristics of both the sulfides and calcites, which were deposited from an ore-forming hydrothermal system, are similar to those of carbonate strata, and strongly suggest that the ore metals were mainly sourced from carbonate strata.

A kind of informationon short-term and imminent earthquake precursors-research on atmospheric electric field anomalies before earthquakes

The long time practice of observational research on earthquake prediction has shown that the information on shortterm and imminent earthquake precursors can hardly be detected, but it is very important for practical and effective earthquake prediction. The result of analysis and study in this paper has shown that the anomaly of quasi static atmospheric electric field may be a kind of reliable information on short term and imminent earthquake precursors.On such a basis, the 20 years′ continuous and reliable data of atmospheric electric field observed at the Baijiatuan seismic station are used to study the correlation between the anomalies in seismic activity and relative quiet periods bear on the occurrence of near earthquakes within 200 km range around Beijing after the Tangshan earthquake. The observational results recently reported before hand in written form and earthquakes that actually occurred in near field in corresponding time periods are compared and analyzed. The efficacy of these written prediction opinions about near earthquakes in the recent 10 years is tested. From the test results, the brilliant prospect that the anomaly of quasi static atmospheric electric field may really become a reliable mark for making short term and imminent earthquake predictions is discussed. Besides, as a preliminary step, some judgment indexes for predicting earthquakes by use of the observational data of atmospheric electric field before earthquakes are put forward. In the last part, it is pointed out that it would be possible to obtain more believable judgment indexes for determining the three elements of near earthquakes before greater earthquakes ( M S5) only if a relatively reasonable station network (2～4 stations every 10 000 km 2) is deployed and further investigation is made.

Image Deformation by User-Defined Force Fields

We present a new method for image deformation. The warping technique provides smooth distortion with intuitive and easy manipulation. Driven by a restrained force field, the input image is deformed gradually and continuously. The method allows us to customize the force fields and the region of interest manually through some simple steps. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and convenience of the approach.

钛合金温度/超声复合能场辅助成形及应用

基于材料在温度场下高温软化效应和超声能场下体积效应与表面效应,提出了钛合金温度/超声复合能场辅助成形方法,期望利用超声振动能场进一步提高钛合金钣金件热成形变形能力和成形质量,或者在相同成形质量下降低钛合金热成形温度。介绍了温度/超声复合能场辅助成形原理与装置,分析了复合能场对钛合金板材力学性能、微观组织以及钛合金板与模具间摩擦的影响。在此基础上,将该方法应用到钛合金弯曲及复杂弯边件的成形中,并对成形质量及成形性能进行了分析。最后对复合能场辅助成形过程存在的问题及发展趋势进行了总结与展望。

Chemical and stable isotopic geochemical characteristics of ore-forming fluid of the Shizishan copper and gold ore-field,Tongling,China

Shizishan ore-field is a nonferrous and noble metal ore-field which is most rich in copper and gold.There are many types of fluid inclusions in minerals of the deposits.The homogeneous temperatures and the salinities of the fluid inclusions in main mineralization stages have wide ranges,while the different types of the fluid inclusions existed together and their homogeneous temperatures are almost identical in the same mineralization stage,which indicates that the ore-forming process has great relation with the fluid boiling.The gas and liquid chemical compositions and the carbon,hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions of the fluid inclusions show that the ore-forming fluids of copper-gold deposits have the same characteristics and evolution tendency,which reflects that the ore-forming material mainly came from the magmatism.The stratigraphic component and the meteoric water may mix in ore- forming fluids in the later mineralization stages.Furthermore,with the fall of the ore-forming temperature the ratios of water and rock decreased.The characteristics of chemical composition and carbon isotopic composition of fluid inclusions indicate that CH4 may play an important role for separating copper and gold in the ore-forming process.

岩溶区镉污染棕色石灰土母质稻田土壤团聚体镉赋存特性研究

【目的】研究桂西北岩溶区镉(Cd)污染棕色石灰土母质稻田土壤团聚体Cd赋存形态特性,为区域内该类型Cd污染稻田稻米安全生产提供数据参考。【方法】采用湿筛法将采样土壤团聚体分离成>2.000 mm、1.000~2.000 mm、0.250~1.000 mm、0.074~0.250 mm和<0.074 mm 5个粒级的团聚体,研究桂西北岩溶区0~20、20~30、30~50和50~80 cm剖面深度土壤团聚体粒径组成、不同粒径团聚体Cd含量及其主要赋存形态。【结果】各层剖面0.250~1.000 mm粒径团聚体占比较为稳定,均在30.00%以上,各层剖面间无显著差异(P>0.05)。0~20 cm剖面(耕作层)中>2.000 mm粒径团聚体占比最大(40.20%),随着剖面深度增加,>2.000 mm粒径团聚体占比迅速降低,<0.250 mm粒径团聚体占比呈逐渐增加趋势。不同粒径团聚体Cd含量分析结果表明,在0~20、20~30和30~50 cm剖面中,Cd主要富集在>2.000 mm粒径团聚体中,Cd含量分别高达2.22、1.66和0.95 mg/kg,在50~80 cm剖面中,Cd主要富集在1.000~2.000 mm粒径团聚体中。>2.000 mm粒径团聚体在0~30 cm土层中对全土Cd含量的贡献率最大。不同剖面深度团聚体中Cd赋存形态存在明显差异,0~20 cm剖面各粒径团聚体中Cd主要以有机结合态存在,可交换态Cd占比最小(<0.074 mm粒径团聚体除外),随着剖面深度增加,团聚体中可交换态Cd占比明显增加,当剖面深度增加至30 cm以下时,团聚体中Cd主要以碳酸结合态存在,残渣态含量最小。【结论】桂西北岩溶区Cd污染棕色石灰土母质稻田Cd主要富集在>2.000 mm和1.000~2.000 mm粒径的团聚体中;0~20 cm耕作层各粒径团聚体中的Cd主要以有机结合态存在,可交换态占比最小,随着剖面深度的增加,可交换态Cd占比明显增加,稳定形态Cd占比明显降低。因此,在实际生产过程中要注重提高土壤大粒径团聚体含量,避免过度精耕和深翻,减少耕层土壤可交换态Cd含量,降低水稻生产过程中稻米Cd超标的风险。

复杂微型构件特种能场辅助微成形研究进展

随着复杂微型构件特征尺寸的不断减小,尺度范围不断扩大,材料种类日益增多,单纯依靠模具施加载荷的塑性微成形技术受到越来越多的挑战,成为制约微型构件实际应用的关键技术瓶颈。特种能场微成形技术利用超声场、电场和电磁场等能场与材料相互作用产生的特殊物理效应进行微加工,可以明显改善材料的塑性流动,降低微成形载荷,从而显著提高微型构件成形质量。本文综述了超声场、电场和电磁场等特种能场作用下塑性微成形的研究进展。首先探讨了特种能场作用下材料力学性能响应机制及微成形尺度极限,其次介绍了特种能场作用下微成形过程中材料微观组织结构演化与缺陷形成机理,最后总结了特种能场辅助微成形的关键工艺参数及其对成形质量的影响规律,强调了通过优化工艺参数实现高精度成形的重要性,为复杂微型构件的低成本、高效制造提供了新的技术路径。

矿田构造岩相学填图理论及应用

开展成矿蚀变−构造岩相解析建相和建模预测研究已成为矿田构造与找矿预测的创新方向之一。文章对国内外8类重要的成矿蚀变−构造岩相模型和形成机制进行论述总结,南美洲智利科皮亚波地区IOCG型矿田受到主岛弧带−弧相关盆地及岩浆叠加−盆地变形样式的复合控制,而中国云南东川沉积岩型铜矿床(SSC型)+IOCG型铁铜矿田受陆缘裂谷盆地、盆地变形构造样式和岩浆叠加侵入构造系统的复合控制。中国内蒙古甲−查浅成低温热液型银铅锌矿田受火山洼地、火山穹隆构造、火山岩岩相类型和火山热液隐爆角砾岩的复合控制,而深成岩浆弧控制了蒙古国南戈壁斑岩型金铜钼−浅成低温热液金银矿田;中国秦岭热水沉积型(SEDEX)银铜铅锌−菱铁矿−重晶石矿田受到陆缘拉分盆地内三级热水沉积盆地、同生断裂带和热水沉积岩相的控制。大陆造山带内不同层次的脆韧性剪切带,控制了金矿田和金钼多金属矿田定位。在新疆塔西盆−山−原镶嵌区盆地系统内,侏罗系煤系烃矿源岩是金属矿田和天然气气田的成矿成藏物质供给源区;乌拉根砂砾岩型天青石−铅锌矿田受到山前挤压—伸展转换盆地、气成热流柱构造和山前冲断褶皱带的复合控制;萨热克铜多金属矿田赋存于旱地扇杂砾岩,受到对冲式厚皮型逆冲推覆断裂带和幔源热流柱带的复合控制。其中在矿集区−矿田尺度上,电气石热流柱构造、岩浆气囊构造、复合岩溶构造岩相等是成矿蚀变−构造岩相的3种新类型;在归纳前期对矿田构造岩相、矿田构造古地理单元和典型矿田构造岩相形成机制研究基础上,文章提出了矿田成矿蚀变−构造岩相类型的新划分方法和划分原则方案,并划分确定了12种变形构造岩相类型。研究成果为矿田构造研究和找矿预测提供了新理论和新方法支撑。

组合式电磁成形技术研究进展

电磁成形技术是一种典型的高速率电磁脉冲成形技术,可显著地提高材料的延展性,减小工件回弹和起皱,降低设备制造成本。在电磁成形技术发展过程中,电磁成形力场的有效加载和调控颇具挑战,早期的电磁成形方案基本实现工件排斥力成形效果,其电磁力分析中主要以排斥力占据主导,应用有较大的局限性,如今优势明显的组合式电磁成形技术开始进入大众视野。该文在简述电磁成形基本原理及电磁力调控方式的基础上,根据组合式方法应用的不同层面,将近年来涌现的研究成果划分为:驱动线圈组合式、电磁力组合式及工艺组合式三类电磁成形技术,针对每一类技术,分别阐述了其实施原理、技术方案及应用成效,并进一步归纳了不同技术的适用范围及研究重点。最后,在这些研究成果的基础上,对组合式电磁成形技术未来的发展方向进行了展望。

实景三维曲面形态建筑风场可视化分析

结合参数化建模、数字建造、计算机流体动力学模拟和风洞实验建立实景三维建筑风场可视化分析方法,通过实验验证分析,对比研究不同曲面形态建筑的风场。研究显示,所建立的方法可对建筑风场的相关特性进行高效地可视化和量化分析;曲面形态建筑周围的通风效果较优,相对长方体形态建筑风速较高;曲面形态建筑的凸面朝向迎风面时,建筑对气流的阻碍作用小于凹面处于迎风面时的情形,将凸面朝向迎风面有助于促进建筑周围环境的通风。该研究方法提供高效准确的建筑物风场分析路径,可作为实景三维平台在建筑设计与工程应用的分析手段,为城市的可持续策略、微气候研究和精细化治理提供有价值的信息。

不同边界工况下受电弓区域流场结构及气动噪声特性对比分析

为研究流场结构对受电弓气动噪声的影响,运用分离涡模拟方法和FW-H方程对高速受电弓区域流场结构和气动声场进行数值计算,对比分析平面和车体凹腔2种边界工况下流场特性、涡旋结构以及气动噪声特性的变化差异,为局部结构的气动声学优化以及仿真预测提供参考。结果表明:边界形式对局部流动具有明显的调制作用,速度场、涡量场均发生较显著的变化,相比于平面边界工况,车体凹腔边界工况下涡旋尺度增大,流动结构变得更为“有序”;车体凹腔边界工况下受电弓表面声压级相对较低,且气动噪声能量主要分布集中在500 Hz内的低频段;不同边界工况下Lamb矢量散度分布特征显示,气动声源的类型未发生变化,且车体凹腔边界工况下气动声源强度相对较弱;2种边界工况下的螺旋度分布差异意味着边界形式对流场的调制影响湍流能量的输运过程以及气动噪声能量的转化效率。

南方喀斯特矿区稻田土壤镉污染的原位营养修复效果研究

针对南方喀斯特矿区的镉污染问题,本研究旨在评估不同营养修复剂对污染稻田土壤的原位修复效果。通过设置3个处理组:对照组(T_(1),不添加修复剂)、无机营养修复剂组(T_(2))及有机无机营养修复剂组(T_(3)),利用梯度扩散薄膜法(DGT)分析了水稻根际土壤中镉的形态变化和生物有效性,并探讨了这些变化与土壤质量之间的相关性。研究结果显示:(1)营养修复剂显著影响了稻田土壤中镉的形态分布,促进了可交换态镉向残渣态镉的转化。具体来看,与对照组相比,T_(2)、T_(3)分别降低了可交换态镉含量占比14.71%、5.88%,增加了可还原态镉含量占比8.51%、6.38%。虽然T_(3)对残渣态镉含量的影响不明显,但T_(2)使其增加了10%。(2)T_(2)、T_(3)2种营养修复剂均显著降低了水稻收获期根际土壤中镉的生物有效性,T_(2)、T_(3)分别降低了54.21%、50.47%。(3)与对照组比较,T_(2)、T_(3)显著提升了土壤的有机质(7.37%、7.50%)、pH(5.29%、17.06%)和阳离子交换量(12.24%、11.10%)。营养型修复剂利于矿区镉污染稻田土壤修复并实现土壤质量同步提升。

从精神习性到符号形式的社会学——论布迪厄对潘诺夫斯基的法文译介和解读

艺术史家潘诺夫斯基的图像学理论,具有丰富的社会学基础。社会学家布迪厄受潘诺夫斯基的影响,他借鉴潘诺夫斯基的“精神习性”提出社会学领域的“习性”概念,同时借助乔姆斯基的“转换-生成语法”理论赋予这一概念新的内涵。“习性”的提出标志着布迪厄与结构主义决裂,也使这一概念比“精神习性”具有能动的解释力。在卡西尔符号学思想的影响下,潘诺夫斯基写作了《作为符号形式的透视》,布迪厄也借鉴了该书的思想。同时,布迪厄回顾了符号学史,并建构了以习性、场域和资本形式为主要元素的“符号形式的社会学”。他敏锐地发现了潘诺夫斯基理论中的语言学、符号学和社会学基础,并在此基础上进行推进。但布迪厄对潘诺夫斯基理论的解读既有批判性接受也有误读。

喷射成形中的下级雾化器参数优化

针对喷射成形锭坯的孔隙较大问题,研究了下级雾化器参数优化策略。基于下级雾化器参数对气流场的影响规律控制熔滴的状态变化,以此来减小锭坯的孔隙。针对不同的下级雾化器的顶角、喷嘴直径和雾化气体压力,分析气流场的变化,得到这3个参数对气流场的影响规律,进行喷射成形实验。结果表明:在下级雾化器参数优化后,熔滴的雾化效果明显提高,且采用优化后的下级雾化器参数制备的铝合金锭坯孔隙更小。

坡口形式对Q390/Q690异种低合金钢焊接残余应力的影响

采用有限元法研究了坡口形式(V形、X形和K形)对Q390/Q690异种低合金钢熔化极活性气体保护电弧焊接头温度、应力和焊后残余应力分布的影响,并进行了试验验证。结果表明:模拟和试验所得热循环曲线和残余应力分布相似,瞬时温度相对误差小于15%,证明模型准确;K形坡口接头焊缝区峰值温度最高,V形坡口次之,X形坡口最小;K形、V形和X形坡口接头焊缝均存在等效应力高于690MPa的高应力区,面积依次降低,纵向残余应力均呈“几”字形分布,峰值出现在焊缝处,在两侧熔合区迅速转变为压应力,横向残余应力均呈双驼峰形分布,峰值出现在两侧熔合区,焊缝区应力急剧减小至中心处接近0;坡口形式对接头纵向残余拉应力峰值影响较小,V形与K形坡口接头纵向残余拉应力分布范围大于X形坡口,横向残余拉应力峰值和分布范围均大于X形坡口。