Characteristics of Controlled Bridge Circuit and Its Application in Magnetic Field Induction Measurement

The article designs a new type of bridge circuit with a controlled source—when the resistance on the bridge arm of the controlled source bridge circuit meets the bridge balance condition, and the bridge branch contains only one Current-Controlled Current Source (CCCS), a Voltage-Controlled Current Source (VCCS), a Current-Controlled Voltage Source (CCVS), or a Voltage-Controlled Voltage Source (VCVS), the circuit is called a controlled bridge circuit, which has the characteristics of bridge balance. Due to the relationship between the controlled source and the bridge arm, the sensitivity of the components on the bridge is higher mathematically and logically. When applied to measurement, engineering, automatic control, and other fields, the controlled bridge circuit has higher control ac-curacy. Mathematical derivation and simulation results prove the correctness of the bridge balance conclusion and the special properties of this bridge when applied to the measurement field.

Spin-polarized pairing induced by the magnetic field in the Bernal bilayer graphene

Recent experimental findings have demonstrated the occurrence of superconductivity in Bernal bilayer graphene when induced by a magnetic field.In this study,we conduct a theoretical investigation of the potential pairing symmetry within this superconducting system.By developing a theoretical model,we primarily calculate the free energy of the system with p+ip-wave parallel spin pairing,p+ip-wave anti-parallel spin pairing and d+i d-wave pairing symmetry.Our results confirm that the magnetic field is indeed essential for generating the superconductivity.We discover that the p+ip-wave parallel spin pairing leads to a lower free energy for the system.The numerical calculations of the energy band structure,zero-energy spectral function and density of states for each of the three pairing symmetries under consideration show a strong consistency with the free energy results.

Trace amounts of impurities in electrolytic manganese metal by sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

An analytical method, using sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （SF-ICP-MS） for rapid simultaneous determination of Be, Na, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sn, Sb, Pb and Bi in electrolytic manganese metal, was described. At the beginning, the samples were decomposed by HNO3 and H2504, and then analyzed by SF-ICP-MS. Most of the spectral interferences could be avoided by measuring in different mass resolution modes. The matrix effects due to the excess of sulfuric acid and Mn were evaluated. Correction of matrix effects was conducted by using the internal standard elements. The optimum condition for the determination was investigated and discussed. The detection limit is in the range of 0.001-0.169 gg/L. The current method is applied to the determination of trace impurities in electrolytic manganese metal. And experiments show that good results can be obtained much faster, more accurately and conveniently by current method.

Numerical Investigation on the Flow and Temperature Fields in an Inductively Coupled Plasma Reactor

This paper gives a numerical study on the flow and temperature fields in an induced plasma reactor, which worked in 0.5 ATM with air as a working gas. We employed a two-dimensional mode of an inductively coupled plasma to calculate the temperature and flow field of the reactor as well as the generator. The algorithm is based on the solutions of the two-dimensional continuity, momentum, and energy equations in term of vorticity, stream function and enthalpy. An upwind finite-difference scheme was adopted to solve those equations with appropriate boundary conditions. The computed results show that there is a flat region with little parameter change in the reactor, that the diameter of the region is not much larger than that of the generator and that a deep change of parameter exists in the outer side of the region.

Study on the Lightning-radaited Electric Field Components at Mesospheric Altitudes

In this paper we have extended the semi-analytical model presented by Yashunin et al.to compute both of the lightning vertical and horizontal electric field considering the effect of nonlinear atmospheric electric parameters,and validate its accuracy by using our 2-D FDTD method.It is noted that the semi-analytical model can predict not only the lightning vertical field,but also the horizontal electric field with a satisfied accuracy in a small region with a radius ranging from 5 to 30 km at a height from 80 to 90 km above the lightning strike point.Compared with the results in the free space with a vacuum,the conducting altitude atmosphere has a relatively little effect on the radiated field component,but it has much effect on the electrostatic and induction component because their duration times are longer than the local relaxation time.For example,the induction field component in the conducting nonlinear medium decreases by about 43%,compared with that in the free space with a vacuum.The induction field is larger than the radiation field component within a radius of 25 km at a height of 80 km above the lightning strike point.Therefore,although the induction component may be likely one extra energy source(except for the radiation field)for creating the pancake shape of some elves with a luminous central part,we have to take into account the effect of nonlinear atmospheric electric parameters on the prediction of induced field component peak value that is needed for the production of elves.

基于纤维增强和磁场诱导构建坚韧、抗疲劳各向异性水凝胶及其性能研究

生物组织(如肌腱、软骨等)不仅具有优异的强度、模量和韧性,而且具有长期稳定性,可承受数百万次高应力循环而不断裂,其疲劳阈值超过1000 J m^(−2).相比之下,尽管合成水凝胶在强度、模量、韧性和其他性能方面与天然软组织相当,但这些增韧水凝胶仍然会在反复循环载荷下遭受疲劳断裂,其疲劳阈值通常低于100 J m^(−2).在本工作中,我们报道了一种简单的策略,用于开发韧性和抗疲劳的各向异性水凝胶,其疲劳阈值超过常规水凝胶的100倍.各向异性水凝胶通过两步工艺合成,包括磁场定向工艺形成优先排列的PDA-Fe_(3)O_(4)-CF纤维结构,以及冷冻解冻-退火工艺处理.优先排列纤维结构和高结晶度的协同作用使各向异性水凝胶具有超高的强度和韧性、优异的摩擦学性能和非凡的抗疲劳性能.各向异性水凝胶的抗拉强度、抗压强度和疲劳阈值分别高达11.82±0.85 MPa、5.95±0.35 MPa和1845 J m^(−2),显著高于大多数生物凝胶和合成水凝胶.因此,本研究为制造性能优异的软材料提供了一种可行的方法,拓展了软质材料在承重材料(如人工软组织)、软机器人、柔性电子等领域的应用.