Comparative study on phase transition behaviors of fractional molecular field theory and random-site Ising model

Fractional molecular field theory(FMFT)is a phenomenological theory that describes phase transitions in crystals with randomly distributed components,such as the relaxor-ferroelectrics and spin glasses.In order to verify the feasibility of this theory,this paper fits it to the Monte Carlo simulations of specific heat and susceptibility versus temperature of two-dimensional(2D)random-site Ising model(2D-RSIM).The results indicate that the FMFT deviates from the 2D-RSIM significantly.The main reason for the deviation is that the 2D-RSIM is a typical system of component random distribution,where the real order parameter is spatially heterogeneous and has no symmetry of space translation,but the basic assumption of FMFT means that the parameter is spatially uniform and has symmetry of space translation.

Bound State Description of Particles from a Quantum Field Theory of Fermions and Bosons, Compatible with Relativity

Both, the dilemma to find a quantum field theory consistent with Einstein’s law of relativity and the problem to describe existing particles as bound states of matter has been solved by calculating bound state matrix elements from a dual fermion-boson Lagrangian. In this formalism, the fermion binding energies are compensated by boson energies, indicating that particles can be generated out of the vacuum. This yields quantitative solutions for various mesons ω (0.78 GeV) - Υ (9.46 GeV) and all leptons e, μ and τ, with uncertainties in the extracted properties of less than 1‰. For transparency, a Web-page with the address htpps://h2909473.stratoserver.net has been constructed, where all calculations can be run on line and also the underlying fortran source code can be inspected.

The Complex Field Theory and Mass Formation—An Alternative Model to Higgs Mechanism

The electromagnetic force, strong nuclear force, weak nuclear force, and gravitational force are the four fundamental forces of nature. The Standard Model (SM) succeeded in combining the first three forces to describe the most basic building blocks of matter and govern the universe. Despite the model’s great success in resolving many issues in particle physics but still has several setbacks and limitations. The model failed to incorporate the fourth force of gravity. It infers that all fermions and bosons are massless contrary to experimental facts. In addition, the model addresses neither the 95% of the universe’s energy of Dark Matter (DM) and Dark Energy (DE) nor the universe’s expansion. The Complex Field Theory (CFT) identifies DM and DE as complex fields of complex masses and charges that encompasses the whole universe, and pervade all matter. This presumption resolves the issue of failing to detect DM and DE for the last five decades. The theory also presents a model for the universe’s expansion and presumes that every material object carries a fraction of this complex field proportional to its mass. These premises clearly explain the physical nature of the gravitational force and its complex field and pave the way for gravity into the SM. On the other hand, to solve the issue of massless bosons and fermions in the SM, Higgs mechanism introduces a pure and abstractive theoretical model of unimaginable four potentials to generate fictitious bosons as mass donors to fermions and W± and Z bosons. The CFT in this paper introduces, for the first time, a physical explanation to the mystery of the mass formation of particles rather than Higgs’ pure mathematical derivations. The analyses lead to uncovering the mystery of electron-positron production near heavy nuclei and never in a vacuum. In addition, it puts a constraint on Einstein’s mass-energy equation that energy can never be converted to mass without the presence of dense dark matter and cannot be true in a vacuum. Furthermore, CFT provides different perspectives and resolves real-world physics concepts such as the nuclear force, Casimir force, Lamb’s shift, and the anomalous magnetic moment to be published elsewhere.

High-order field theory and a weak Euler–Lagrange–Barut equation for classical relativistic particle-field systems

In both quantum and classical field systems,conservation laws such as the conservation of energy and momentum are widely regarded as fundamental properties.A broadly accepted approach to deriving conservation laws is built using Noether's method.However,this procedure is still unclear for relativistic particle-field systems where particles are regarded as classical world lines.In the present study,we establish a general manifestly covariant or geometric field theory for classical relativistic particle-field systems.In contrast to quantum systems,where particles are viewed as quantum fields,classical relativistic particle-field systems present specific challenges.These challenges arise from two sides.The first comes from the mass-shell constraint.To deal with the mass-shell constraint,the Euler–Lagrange–Barut(ELB)equation is used to determine the particle's world lines in the four-dimensional(4D)Minkowski space.Besides,the infinitesimal criterion,which is a differential equation in formal field theory,is reconstructed by an integro-differential form.The other difficulty is that fields and particles depend on heterogeneous manifolds.To overcome this challenge,we propose using a weak version of the ELB equation that allows us to connect local conservation laws and continuous symmetries in classical relativistic particle-field systems.By applying a weak ELB equation to classical relativistic particle-field systems,we can systematically derive local conservation laws by examining the underlying symmetries of the system.Our proposed approach provides a new perspective on understanding conservation laws in classical relativistic particle-field systems.

Consciousness Field Theory and Antihuman Psychology

Against behaviorism,humanism,and cognitive psychology,this work explores Mocombe’s antihuman psychology as a product of his consciousness field theory.The paper critically assesses Mocombe’s consciousness field theory within the larger body of contemporary ontological debates regarding the nature,origin,and constitution of consciousness,especially human consciousness,vis-à-vis their relations to the psychological theories of behaviorism,humanism,and cognitivism,concluding that consciousness field theory posits an alternative psychological theory of the mind,i.e.,antihuman psychology,to behaviorist,humanist,and cognitivist conceptions of the mind.

Unified Field Theory

In the Einstein field equations, the geometry or the curvature of space-time defined as depended on the distribution of mass and energy principally resides on the left-hand side is set identical to a non-geometrical tensorial representation of matter on the right-hand side. In one or another form, general relativity accords a direct geometrical significance only to the gravitational field while the other physical fields are not of space time. They reside only in space time. Less well known, though of comparable importance is Einstein’s dissatisfaction with the fundamental asymmetry between gravitational and non-gravitational fields and his contributions to develop a completely relativistic geometrical field theory of all fundamental interactions, a unified field theory. Of special note in this context and equally significant is Einstein’s demand to replace the symmetrical tensor field by a non-symmetrical one and to drop the condition gik = gki for the field components. Historically, many other attempts were made too, to extend the general theory of relativity’s geometrization of gravitation to non-gravitational interactions, in particular, to electromagnetism. Still, progress has been very slow. It is the purpose of this publication to provide a unified field theory in which the gravitational field, the electromagnetic field and other fields are only different components or manifestations of the same unified field by mathematizing the relationship between cause and effect under conditions of general theory of relativity.

A Self-Stabilized Field Theory of Neutrinos

In “A Self-linking Field Formalism” I establish a self-dual field structure with higher order self-induced symmetries that reinforce the first-order dynamics. The structure was derived from Gauss-linking integrals in R3 based on the Biot-Savart law and Ampere’s law applied to Heaviside’s equations, derived in strength-independent fashion in “Primordial Principle of Self-Interaction”. The derivation involves Geometric Calculus, topology, and field equations. My goal in this paper is to derive the simplest solution of a self-stabilized solitonic structure and discuss this model of a neutrino.

Evidence for Expanding Quantum Field Theory

Present day Quantum Field Theory (QFT) is founded on canonical quantization, which has served quite well but also has led to several issues. The free field describing a free particle (with no interaction term) can suddenly become nonrenormalizable the instant a suitable interaction term appears. For example, using canonical quantization , has been deemed a “free” theory with no difference from a truly free field [1] [2]. Using the same model, affine quantization has led to a truly interacting theory [3]. This fact alone asserts that canonical and affine tools of quantization deserve to be open to their procedures together as a significant enlargement of QFT.

Discovering exact,gauge-invariant,local energy–momentum conservation laws for the electromagnetic gyrokinetic system by high-order field theory on heterogeneous manifolds

Gyrokinetic theory is arguably the most important tool for numerical studies of transport physics in magnetized plasmas.However,exact local energy–momentum conservation laws for the electromagnetic gyrokinetic system have not been found despite continuous effort.Without such local conservation laws,energy and momentum can be instantaneously transported across spacetime,which is unphysical and casts doubt on the validity of numerical simulations based on the gyrokinetic theory.The standard Noether procedure for deriving conservation laws from corresponding symmetries does not apply to gyrokinetic systems because the gyrocenters and electromagnetic field reside on different manifolds.To overcome this difficulty,we develop a high-order field theory on heterogeneous manifolds for classical particle-field systems and apply it to derive exact,local conservation laws,in particular the energy–momentum conservation laws,for the electromagnetic gyrokinetic system.A weak Euler–Lagrange(EL)equation is established to replace the standard EL equation for the particles.It is discovered that an induced weak EL current enters the local conservation laws,and it is the new physics captured by the high-order field theory on heterogeneous manifolds.A recently developed gauge-symmetrization method for high-order electromagnetic field theories using the electromagnetic displacement-potential tensor is applied to render the derived energy–momentum conservation laws electromagnetic gauge-invariant.

Quantum Field Theory Deserves Extra Help

Today's quantum field theory (QFT) relies heavenly on canonical quantization (CQ), which fails for φ44 leading only to a “free” result. Affine quantization (AQ), an alternative quantization procedure, leads to a “non-free” result for the same model. Perhaps adding AQ to CQ can improve the quantization of a wide class of problems in QFT.

How China Improves Global Governance capability--Take the field theory as the visual threshold

The world is currently experiencing a trend of power shifting from east to west.The raging epidemic and the continuous development of deglobalization have made the world more uncertain.The world’s original governance rules are not enough to solve real problems,and China urgently needs to improve its global governance capability.

Post-Newtonian binary dynamics in the effective field theory of Horndeskigravity

General relativity has been very successful since its proposal more than a century ago.However,various cosmological observations and theoretical consistency still motivate us to explore extended gravity theories.Horndeski gravity stands out as one attractive theory by introducing only one scalar field.Here we formulate the post-Newtonian effective field theory of Horndeski gravity and investigate the conservative dynamics of inspiral compact binary systems.We calculate the leading effective Lagrangian for a compact binary and obtain the periastron advance per period.In particular,we apply our analytical calculation to two binary systems,PSR B 1534+12 and PSR J0737-3039,and constrain the relevant model parameters.This theoretical framework can also be systematically extended to higherorders.

Standard model effective field theory from on-shell amplitudes

We present a general method of constructing unfactorizable on-shell amplitudes(amplitude basis) and build up their one-to-one correspondence to the independent and complete operator basis in effective field theory(EFT).We apply our method to the Standard Model EFT and identify the amplitude basis in dimensions 5 and 6,which correspond to the Weinberg operator and operators in the Warsaw basis,except for some linear combinations.

Weak gravity conjecture from conformal field theory:a challenge from hyperscaling violating and Kerr-Newman-AdS black holes

We search for a possible relationship between weak gravity conjecture(WGC)and conformal field theory(CFT)in hyperscaling violating and Kerr-Newman-AdS black holes.We deal with the critical points of the black hole systems using the correlation function introduced in CFT and discuss WGC conditions using the imaginary part of the energy obtained from the critical points and their poles.Under the assumptions z=1,d=1,andθ→0-,we link WGC to hyperscaling violating black holes owing to the existence of rHvalues larger and smaller than one.For the second black hole system,we study the conditions of WGC for Kerr-Newman-AdS black holes using rotation and radius parameters.Then,we show that the conditions of WGC are satisfied when the charged particle near the hyperscaling violating and Kerr-Newman black holes is 1/a with a ratio a/l《1.

Renormalization of one-pion exchange in higher partial waves in chiral effective field theory for antinucleon-nucleon system

The renormalization of the iterated onepion exchange(OPE)has been studied in chiral effective field theory(χEFT)for the antinucleon-nucleon(NN)scattering in some partial waves(Phys.Rev.C 105,054005(2022)).In this paper,we go further for the other higher partial waves but with total angular momenta J≤3.Contact interactions are represented by a complex spherical well in the coordinate space.Changing the radius of the spherical well means changing the cutoff.We check the cutoff dependence of the phase shifts,inelasticities,and mixing angles for the partial waves and show that contact interactions are needed at leading order in channels where the singular tensor potentials of OPE are attractive.The results are compared with the energy-dependent partial-wave analysis of NN scattering data.Comparisons between our conclusions and applications of χEFT to the nucleon-nuc-leon system are also discussed.

Strangeness S=-2 baryon-baryon interactions and femtoscopic correlation functions in covariant chiral effective field theory

We study the baryon-baryon interactions with strangeness S=-2 and corresponding momentum correlation functions in leading order covariant chiral effective field theory.The relevant low energy constants are determined by fitting to the latest HAL QCD simulations,taking into account all the coupled channels.Extrapolating the so-obtained strong interactions to the physical point and considering both quantum statistical effects and the Coulomb interaction,we calculate the ΛΛ and Ξ^(-)p correlation functions with a spherical Gaussian source and compare them with recent experimental data.We find a good agreement between our predictions and the experimental measurements by using the source radius determined in proton-proton correlations,which demonstrates the consistency between theory,experiment,and lattice QCD simulations.Moreover,we predict the Σ^(+)Σ^(+),Σ^(+)Λ,and Σ^(+)Σ^(-) interactions and corresponding momentum correlation functions.We further investigate the influence of the source shape and size of the hadron pair on the correlation functions studied and show that the current data are not very sensitive to the source shape.Future experimental measurements of the predicted momentum correlation functions will provide a non-trivial test of not only SU(3) flavor symmetry and its breaking but also the baryon-baryon interactions derived in covariant chiral effective field theory.

The Fate of Supersymmetry in Quantum Field Theories

We analyze the significance of supersymmetry in two topological models and the standard model (SM). We conclude that the two topological field theory models favor hidden supersymmetry. The SM superpartners, instead, have not been found.

A pedagogical review on solvable irrelevant deformations of 2D quantum field theory

This is a pedagogical review on TT^(-)deformation of two dimensional quantum field theories.It is based on three lectures which the author gave at ITP-CAS in December 2018.This review consists of four parts.The first part is a general introduction to TT^(-)deformation.Special emphasises are put on the deformed classical Lagrangian and the exact solvability of the spectrum.The second part focuses on the torus partition sum of the TT^(-)/JT^(-)deformed conformal field theories and modular invariance/covariance.In the third part,different perspectives of TT^(-)deformation are presented,including its relation to random geometry,2D topological gravity and holography.We summarize more recent developments until January 2021 in the last part.

Convergence in Conformal Field Theory

Convergence and analytic extension are of fundamental importance in the mathematical construction and study of conformal field theory.The author reviews some main convergence results,conjectures and problems in the construction and study of conformal field theories using the representation theory of vertex operator algebras.He also reviews the related analytic extension results,conjectures and problems.He discusses the convergence and analytic extensions of products of intertwining operators(chiral conformal fields)and of q-traces and pseudo-q-traces of products of intertwining operators.He also discusses the convergence results related to the sewing operation and the determinant line bundle and a higher-genus convergence result.He then explains conjectures and problems on the convergence and analytic extensions in orbifold conformal field theory and in the cohomology theory of vertex operator algebras.

Investigation of the Mg isotopes using the shell-model-like approach in relativistic mean field theory

Ground state properties for Mg isotopes,including binding energies,one- and two-neutron separation energies,pairing energies,nuclear matter radii and quadrupole deformation parameters,are obtained from the selfconsistent relativistic mean field(RMF) model with the pairing correlations treated by a shell-mode-like approach(SLAP),in which the particle-number is conserved and the blocking effects are treated exactly.The experimental data,including the binding energies and the one- and two-neutron separation energies,which are sensitive to the treatment of pairing correlations and block effects,are well reproduced by the RMF+SLAP calculations.