Intensity Evolution of Zonal Shear Line over the Tibetan Plateau in Summer:A Perspective of Divergent and Rotational Kinetic Energies

Based on the ERA5 reanalysis datasets during 1980-2019,a total of eleven zonal shear lines(ZSLs)that caused heavy precipitation and lasted more than 60 hours over the Tibetan Plateau in summer are selected for composite analysis.By decomposing the kinetic energy(K)near the ZSL into divergent and rotational kinetic energies(K_(D)and K_(R))and the kinetic energy of interaction between the divergent wind and the rotational wind(K_(R)D),the influence of the rotational and divergent winds on the evolution of the ZSL intensity is investigated from the perspective of K_(D)and K_(R).The main results are as follows.The ZSL is a comprehensive reflection of rotation and convergence.The intensity evolution of ZSL is essentially synchronized with those of K,K_(R),and K_(RD)but lags behind K_(D)by about three hours.The enhancement of K is mainly contributed by K_(R),which is governed by the conversion from K_(D)to K_(R).Furthermore,the increase in the conversion from K_(D)to K_(R)is controlled by the geostrophic effect term Af,which is determined by the joint enhancement of the zonal rotational and meridional divergent wind components(u_(R)and v_(D)).Therefore,the joint enhancement of u_(R)and v_(D)controls the increase of the ZSL intensity,leading to increased precipitation.

Rotational analysis and line intensities of the HCO ~2A′-~2A′3_1~1 band at 296 K

This paper computes the rotational energy levels of the HCO B^2A＇-X^2A＇31^1 transition, especially, the higher values of the rotational quantum numbers NKa Kc and Ka, with the rotational constants which are obtained via B3LYP method with 6-311G basis set, and the results show that the calculated frequencies using the computed vibration-rotation energy levels are in reasonable agreement with the data from the experiment. Meanwhile, the line intensities of HCO are first reported, the results are of significance for the studying HCO.

Time-frequency response spectrum of rotational ground motion and its application

The rotational seismic motions are estimated from one station records of the 1999 Jiji （Chi-Chi）, Taiwan, earthquake based on the theory of elastic plane wave propagation. The time-frequency response spectrum （TFRS） of the rotational motions is calculated and its characteristics are analyzed, then the TFRS is applied to analyze the damage mechanism of one twelve-storey frame concrete structure. The results show that one of the ground motion components can not reflect the characteristics of the seismic motions completely; the characteristics of each component, especially rotational motions, need to be studied. The damage line of the structure and TFRS of ground motion are important for seismic design, only the TFRS of input seismic wave is suitable, the structure design is reliable.

Study on general inverse kinematics of rotating/tilting positioner for robotic arc welding off-line programming

Off line programming provides an essential link between CAD and CAM, whose development will result in greater use of robotic arc welding. An arc welding system with a robot and a rotating/tilting positioner is one of the most typical workcells. The inverse kinematics of robot and positioner is the foundation of the off line programming system. The previous researchers only focused on a special solution of the positioner inverse kinematics, which is the solution at down hand welding position. In this paper, we introduce a method for representing welding position. Then a general algorithm of rotating/tilting positioner inverse kinematics is presented, and an approach to find the unique solution of the inverse kinematics is discussed. The simulation experiment results show that the general algorithm can improve the ability of robotic arc welding off line programming system to program all types of welding positions.

A 3-Node Co-Rotational Triangular Finite Element for Non-Smooth,Folded and Multi-Shell Laminated Composite Structures

Based on the first-order shear deformation theory,a 3-node co-rotational triangular finite element formulation is developed for large deformation modeling of non-smooth,folded and multi-shell laminated composite structures.The two smaller components of the mid-surface normal vector of shell at a node are defined as nodal rotational variables in the co-rotational local coordinate system.In the global coordinate system,two smaller components of one vector,together with the smallest or second smallest component of another vector,of an orthogonal triad at a node on a non-smooth intersection of plates and/or shells are defined as rotational variables,whereas the two smaller components of the mid-surface normal vector at a node on the smooth part of the plate or shell(away from non-smooth intersections)are defined as rotational variables.All these vectorial rotational variables can be updated in an additive manner during an incremental solution procedure,and thus improve the computational efficiency in the nonlinear solution of these composite shell structures.Due to the commutativity of all nodal variables in calculating of the second derivatives of the local nodal variables with respect to global nodal variables,and the second derivatives of the strain energy functional with respect to local nodal variables,symmetric tangent stiffness matrices in local and global coordinate systems are obtained.To overcome shear locking,the assumed transverse shear strains obtained from the line-integration approach are employed.The reliability and computational accuracy of the present 3-node triangular shell finite element are verified through modeling two patch tests,several smooth and non-smooth laminated composite shells undergoing large displacements and large rotations.

The Correlation between Femoral Anteversion and Femoral Condyle Rotation in Patients with Osteoarthritis of the Hip Joint: Investigation about the Asian Female Patients

An abnormality of femoral anteversion (FA) is often recognized in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip joint (hip OA). And it is considered that rotation abnormality in the knee and the lower leg occurs as compensation, in cases of FA abnormality. The purpose of this study was to assess the magnitude and variability of FA and femoral condyle rotation (FCR) in order to identify the association between FA and FCR in female patients with hip OA who require total hip arthroplasty. A total of 174 hips from 174 hip OA patients undergoing THA were included in this study. All patients were Asian women (average age: 71.1 years). An equilateral correlation was accepted in FA and FCR. It was thought that FA abnormality might be accompanied by morphological rotation abnormalities of the knee joint. Caution is needed in considering femoral anteversion using the posterior condylar line. We must consider FA in patients undergoing THA after having considered the whole leg rotation.

Ground State of ^4-7H Considering Internal Collective Rotation

The g.s. of heavy and superheavy hydrogen isotopes, namely 4-7 H, are successfully examined by applying the Isomorphic Shell Model. Properties examined are binding energies and effective radii. The novelty of the present work is that, due to the small number of nucleons involved and the subsequently large deformation, an internal collective rotation appears which is inseparable from the usual internal motion even in the ground states of these nuclei, i.e., for such nuclei the adiabatic approximation is not valid. This extra degree of freedom leads to a reduction of binding energies, an increase of effective radii, and an increase of level widths.

On-line Condition Monitoring and Diagnostic Network System for Rotating Machine Set

Several industrial computers and a server are combined to set up the on-line monitoring and diagnostic system of turbo-generator sets. The main function of the system is to monitor machine sets' running condition. Through analyzing running data, technicians can detect whether there exist faults and where they occur. To share and transmit the dynamic information of the turbo-generator sets, a distributed network system is introduced. NetWare network operating system is used in the LAN (Local Area Network) system. The LAN is extended to realize the sharing of data and remote transmission of information. Furthermore, functions of monitoring and diagnostic clients are listed.

Dynamics of Low-Viscosity Liquids Interface in an Unevenly Rotating Vertical Layer

The behavior of two immiscible low-viscosity liquids differing in density and viscosity in a vertical flat layer undergoing modulated rotation is experimentally studied.The layer has a circular axisymmetric boundary.In the absence of modulation of the rotation speed,the interphase boundary has the shape of a short axisymmetric cylinder.A new effect has been discovered,under the influence of rotation speed modulation,the interface takes on a new dynamic equilibrium state.A more viscous liquid covers the end boundaries of the layer in the form of thin films,which have the shape of round spots of almost constant radius;with increasing amplitude of the velocity modulation,the wetting boundary expands.It is found that upon reaching the critical amplitude of oscillations,the film of a viscous liquid loses stability,and the outer edge of the wetting spot collapses and takes on a feathery structure.It is shown that this threshold is caused by the development of the Kelvin-Helmholtz oscillatory instability of the film.The spreading radius of a spot of light viscous liquid and its stability are studied depending on the rotation rate,amplitude,and frequency of rotation speed modulation.The discovered averaged effects are determined by different oscillatory interaction of fluids with the end-walls of the cell,due to different viscosities.The effect of films forming can find application in technological processes to intensify mass transfer at interphase boundaries.

Realization of Tip Tilting By 8-Step Line Tilting

By direct calculation of rotation matrices of SO(3),we show how certain specific sequence of eight consecutiverotations of digital angles can yield a tilting of a facet mirror.We also design a detailed program specifically to tiltan array of mirrors from planar orientation to the required focusing orientation.We describe how to use the 8-step torealize the focusing of the mirror array.We have found,in our designed program,an important feature of row-sharingduring the rotations for the columns and similarly the column-sharing during the rotations for the row.This feature cansave a lot of operating time during the actual realization of the mechanical movements.

Realization of Fine Tip Tilting by 16-Step Line Tilting

Following Chen＇s method [Commun. Theor. Phys. 52 （2009） 549] to use ＆step line tilting to realize tip tilting, to achieve finer rotation, it is discovered that a 16-step line tilting method may realize a rotation two order smaller than that achieved by ＆step.

Type Synthesis of Spatial Straight Line Mechanisms with only Revolute Joints

Spatial straight line mechanisms are a class of spatial mechanisms whose end-effectors generate the trajectory with the form of exact straight lines, which have potential applications in many industrial sectors. This study aims to synthesis the spatial straight line mechanisms with only revolute joints, meaning that no prismatic joints are included. According to the generalized function sets and the law of one dimensional rotation, the type of compositions of characteristic and the corresponding conditions are derived. Furthermore, some novel symmetrical and asymmetrical spatial straight line mechanisms are synthesized through assembling specific kinematic chains under the corresponding conditions. Finally, several synthesized spatial straight line mechanisms are illustrated to show the effectiveness of the synthesis methodology.

Irregular changes in Hαemission line of V423 Aur observed by LAMOST Medium-Resolution Spectrographs

We obtained seven spectra of the Be star V423 Aur on 2017 Dec.5 using the LAMOST MediumResolution Spectrograph with exposures from 600 to 1200 seconds.These spectra show the irregular Ha emission line profile variations(LPVs).In the seven spectra,from the 4 th to 7 th,the left part of Ha profile even shows excess.However,no variation can be seen from the follow-up observation of photometry by 1.26-m telescope and High-Resolution spectra by 2.16-m telescope.According to the High-Resolution spectra,we conclude that it is a B7 V type star with E(B-V)=0.709±0.036 and its vsini is221.8 km s-1.The short-term Ha LPVs could be explained as a result of the transient ejection of matter from rotating disk or shell around V423 Aur.

一种基于迈克尔逊干涉仪的浓度/折射率在线测量系统的研究

浓度是表征溶液性质的重要物理参数之一。本文设计了一种基于旋转比色皿结合迈克尔逊干涉仪的浓度/折射率在线测量系统。将液体加入比色皿并旋转5°,利用CCD采集光强数据和自编的计数程序,可实时测量旋转前后干涉条纹移动数目之差,并由此计算NaCl和葡萄糖溶液的折射率和浓度。对质量百分比浓度为0、10%和20%的NaCl溶液进行了折射率测量和误差分析,发现与相关理论值的相对误差仅为0.61%、0.63%和2.2%。葡萄糖溶液的浓度—折射率关系曲线也呈现出线性良好、可靠性高的特点。总之,基于迈克尔逊干涉仪的浓度/折射率在线测量系统具有测量非接触、结果可靠、高效实用的特点。

基于计算机视觉的斗栱转动变形检测方法

古建筑木结构斗栱节点由斗、栱等构件交错层叠而成.受自身形制、环境和外力等影响,这种“层叠式”节点易出现转动变形.针对人工及布设传感器的传统检测方法在可实施性及检测效率方面的局限性,提出了一种基于姿态估计的斗栱转动变形计算机视觉检测方法.首先定义了斗栱的关键点,并基于关键点推导出了各层斗的转动以及栌斗和阑额相对转动的计算公式;其次通过采集斗栱实景图像、实验室模型图像以及缩尺模型图像,构建了斗栱节点多样性数据集;而后搭建YOLOv8-Pose姿态估计模型,并开展了6种规模和Batch Size的23种工况对比实验;结果表明,最优性能模型目标检测的mAP50(B)达到0.94,关键点检测的mAP50(P)达到0.91.最后利用缩尺模型转动变形检测实验验证了所提方法的有效性.

一类第二型曲线积分的四种计算方法

针对一类第二型曲线积分的计算问题,本文给出了四种计算方法.总体上这四种解法可归纳为三类:第一类是转化为第一型曲线积分,第二类是积分路线参数化,第三类是化曲线积分为曲面积分的Stokes方法.通过这些解法的讨论,有利于启发和提高学生综合分析问题的能力.

指针式压力表识别与读数方法浅析

指针式仪表作为工业领域常用工具,当前普遍依赖人工读表,该方法存在耗时费力、精度不足及远程监控受限等问题。随着工业智能化进程的推进,提出了一种采用计算机视觉技术的解决方案。采用YOLOv5目标检测算法,实现仪表的精确检测;结合图像预处理、Hough变换及旋转直线拟合技术,自动识别指针角度并转换为读数。实验结果显示,该系统读数误差范围在-0.06~0.25 MPa之间,显著提升了读数的精度与效率,同时实现了远程监控功能。该方法对拓展指针式仪表的应用领域具有一定的参考价值。

时频短时集中变换方法在变工况轴承脊线提取中的应用

时变转速工况下的轴承故障诊断分析方法大多是基于主轴转速的阶次跟踪方法,但由于设计、成本等原因,转速计广泛应用受限。而基于时频脊线提取的阶次分析不依赖转速计可直接进行分析,但目前脊线提取存在提取精度较差以及提取流程效率较低等问题。据此,提出一种应用于脊线提取的短时集中变换(short-term concentrated transform, STCT)方法,首先通过一个遍历时频矩阵的向量处理时频矩阵内的数据以提高时频分辨率;其次使用新的脊线提取流程,在几乎不增加计算成本的前提下更高效、准确地完成时频脊线提取;最后通过仿真和实测信号验证该方法及流程的准确性,通过与其他时频方法的比较进一步说明所提方法的优越性,最终实现轴承时变转速工况下的故障诊断。

超声波探伤探头旋转体中心精度调试方法

为了快速及时掌握无缝钢管旋转式超声波探伤线旋转体中心偏差数据和输送辊道精度的变化情况,确保探伤结果的准确性,研发了一种新的旋转式超声波探伤设备中心偏差检测方法。通过对超声波旋转体的机械结构进行分析和尺寸确认,确定纵向组合晶片探头入射角度,通过对组合晶片不同通道界面波在示波器上显示位置一致性判定探头声束中心和旋转体中心的一致性即旋转体探头中心精度。该方法快速确保了旋转体和探头中心的一致性,满足了生产和质检的需要。

基于R2CNN的天气雷达边界层辐合线识别算法

边界层辐合线是触发对流的中尺度天气系统之一,边界层辐合线的精细化识别对于揭示其形成、演变及与其他系统相互作用机制至关重要。目前自动识别技术在适应边界层辐合线多样性(如尺度、强度和形状)方面存在局限。旋转区域卷积神经网络(R2CNN)可提高识别准确性、鲁棒性和泛化能力。综合考虑天气雷达型号和分辨率的多样性,针对性构建识别数据集用于模型训练,调整相应参数得到识别模型,并利用交并比和置信度评估检验识别效果。结果表明:基于R2CNN的边界层辐合线识别算法在使用较低交并比阈值时命中率更高且空报率更低,当置信度为0.7时,TS(threat score)评分最高。与现有的阵风锋识别算法(Machine Intelligence Gust Front Algorithm,MIGFA)效果相比,R2CNN在减少误报、提升命中率及平衡识别频率等关键性能方面优势显著,适用于业务应用与推广。