Leading Pattern of Spring Drought Variability over East Asia and Associated Drivers

Drought events have become more frequent and intense over East Asia in recent decades,leading to huge socioeconomic impacts.Although the droughts have been studied extensively by cases or for individual regions,their leading variability and associated causes remain unclear.Based on the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI)and ERA5 reanalysis product from 1979 to 2020,this study evealuates the severity of spring droughts in East Asia and investigates their variations and associated drivers.The results indicate that North China and Mongolia have experienced remarkable trends toward dryness during spring in recent decades,while southwestern China has witnessed an opposite trend toward wetness.The first Empirical Orthogonal Function mode of SPEI variability reveals a similar seesawing pattern,with more severe dryness in northwestern China,Mongolia,North China,South Korea,and Japan but increased wetness in Southwestern China and southeast Asia.Further investigation reveals that the anomalously dry(wet)surface in North(Southwestern)China is significantly associated with anomalously high(low)temperature,less(more)precipitation,and reduced(increased)soil moisture during the previous winter and early spring,regulated by an anomalous anticyclone(cyclone)and thus reduced(increased)water vapor convergence.The spring dry-wet pattern in East Asia is also linked to cold sea surface temperature anomalies in the central-eastern Pacific.The findings of this study have important implications for improving the prediction of spring drought events in East Asia.

Exploring the Path of Party Building Leading League Construction in Colleges and Universities under the Pattern of Great Ideological and Political Education

In accordance with the pattern of"great ideology and politics",the Party and youth League organizations assume the role of vanguard in the organization of colleges and universities.Simultaneously,they serve as a pivotal force in ideological and political education.In order to construct a comprehensive ideological and political framework encompassing the entire educational process,it is of paramount importance to identify an efficacious methodology for Party building leading League construction.This paper employs a comprehensive analysis to elucidate the pivotal role of Party building leading League construction in facilitating ideological and political education.It also illuminates the practical challenges encountered in the implementation of Party building leading League construction initiatives within colleges and universities.The article proposes a specific path for Party building leading League construction in colleges and universities based on three key aspects:cohesion of the consensus of Party building leading League building,establishment of the institutional system of Party building leading League construction,and creation of the model brand of Party building leading League construction.The aim is to promote in-depth development of Party building in colleges and universities and enhance the quality and effect of ideological and political education.

Numerical Study on the Duct Noise Control of Single-Stage Axial Flow Fan with Wave Leading Edge Stator Blade Configurations

This study focuses on a single-stage axial flow fan, investigating the effect of three kinds of wave leading edge stator blades on its noise reduction. The DDES method and the duct acoustic analogy theory based on the penetrable data surface were used for noise prediction. The results showed that the three kinds of wave leading edge blades were effective in reducing the rotor-stator interaction tonal noise and also have a certain inhibitory effect on broadband noise. The A10W15 stator blade can effectively reduce broadband noise in the frequency range of 2200 - 4200 Hz. When the amplitude is increased to 20, the noise reduction effect is further enhanced. However, when the amplitude is increased to 30, the broadband noise reduction effect is no longer significant. Further research shows that the wave leading edge stator blades can significantly change the pressure fluctuation distribution on the leading edge and suction surface, which control the modal energy distribution. Finally, this paper analyzed multiple factors affecting the broadband noise reduction, such as the noise source cut-off and cut-on effect and correlation. The purpose of this paper is to explore the laws of the influence of wave leading edge blades on the duct noise of real fan, and to reveal its noise control mechanism. .

Dynamical Predictability of Leading Interannual Variability Modes of the Asian-Australian Monsoon in Climate Models

The dynamical prediction of the Asian-Australian monsoon(AAM)has been an important and long-standing issue in climate science.In this study,the predictability of the first two leading modes of the AAM is studied using retrospective prediction datasets from the seasonal forecasting models in four operational centers worldwide.Results show that the model predictability of the leading AAM modes is sensitive to how they are defined in different seasonal sequences,especially for the second mode.The first AAM mode,from various seasonal sequences,coincides with the El Niño phase transition in the eastern-central Pacific.The second mode,initialized from boreal summer and autumn,leads El Niño by about one year but can exist during the decay phase of El Niño when initialized from boreal winter and spring.Our findings hint that ENSO,as an early signal,is conducive to better performance of model predictions in capturing the spatiotemporal variations of the leading AAM modes.Still,the persistence barrier of ENSO in spring leads to poor forecasting skills of spatial features.The multimodel ensemble(MME)mean shows some advantage in capturing the spatiotemporal variations of the AAM modes but does not provide a significant improvement in predicting its temporal features compared to the best individual models in predicting its temporal features.The BCC_CSM1.1M shows promising skill in predicting the two AAM indices associated with two leading AAM modes.The predictability demonstrated in this study is potentially useful for AAM prediction in operational and climate services.

Research on the Evolution of Media Practices of Leading Cadres’ New Media and the Communication Characteristics

Purpose/Significance: This study aims to define the concept of leading cadres new media usage in China specifically, and to describe and analyze the forms and typical cases and characteristics of leading cadres new media in different stages. Method/Process: Based on the themes and contents of a few media accounts of leading cadres at different ranks, we summarizes leading cadres new media usage in a systematic perspective and content analysize method. Result/Conclusion: The study defines the concept of Leading Cadres’ new media from the perspective of media practice, determine its position as a media communication platform in the government affairs new media communication system and its relationship with the other elements, and then systematically review the evolution of its media practice from personal website, blog, microblog and microblog to WeChat, live show. On this basis, with the Harold Lasswell communication model, this article summarizes leading cadres new media communication characteristics from five aspects: content producer, content, channel, audience, and effect. Future studies may also enhance the empirical research from the effect perspective.

MiR-107-3p/Atp6v0e1 contributes to protective effects of two selenium-containing peptides,TSeMMM and SeMDPGQQ on lead-induced neurotoxicity

Two selenium(Se)-containing peptides from Se-enriched rice,TSeMMM and SeMDPGQQ,possess neuroprotective potency against lead(Pb2+)-induced cytotoxicity.However,the crosstalk between mRNA and microRNAs(miRNA)involved in the neuroprotection mechanism remains to be elucidated.In this study,RNA-sequencing and miRNA-sequencing were used to independently identify differentially expressed mRNAs and small RNAs profiles in Pb^(2+)-treated primary fetal rat cortical neurons and then the correlated miRNA-mRNA target pairs were obtained.It was found that 34 mRNAs related to oxidative phosphorylation could be reversed by pretreatment of TSeMMM and SeMDPGQQ.The protective effect of TSeMMM and SeMDPGQQ was mediated by upregulation of miR-107-3p,which downregulates the ATPase H+transporting V0 subunit e1(Atp6v0e1)mRNA level.A zebrafish model was applied to verify the relevance between the targeted mRNA and miRNA by real-time quantitative PCR.The results indicated that miR-107-3p was a potential therapeutic target to achieve neuroprotection of Se-containing peptides via stimulation of Atp6v0e1.

A short overview of the lead iodide residue impact and regulation strategies in perovskite solar cells

Lead iodide(PbI2) is a vital raw material for preparing perovskite solar cells(PSCs),and it not only takes part in forming the light absorption layer but also remains in the grain boundary as a passivator.In other words,the PbI2 content in the precursor and as formed film will affect the efficiency and stability of the PSCs.With moderate residual PbI2,it passivates the bulk/surface defects of perovskite,reduces the interfacial recombination,promotes the perovskite stability,minimizes the device hysteresis,and so on.Deficient PbI2 residue will reduce the interfacial passivation effect and device performance.In addition to facilitating the non-radiative recombination,over PbI2 residue can also lead to electronic insulation in the grain boundary and deteriorate the device performance.However,the impact and regulation of PbI2 residue on the device performance and stability is still not fully understood.Herein,a comprehensive and detailed review is presented by discussing the PbI2 residue impact and its regulation strategies(i.e., elimination,facilitation and conversion of the residue PbI2) to manipulate the PbI2 content,distribution and forms.Finally,we also show future outlooks in this field,with an aim to help further the progression of high-efficiency and stable PSCs.

Epicatechin attenuates lead(Pb)-induced cognitive impairment in mice:regulation on Nrf2 signaling pathway,and interference on the interaction between Pb with albumin

Epicatechin(EC)was used in this study to antagonize the cognitive dysfunction caused by lead(Pb)exposure in mice.Eight-week-old male Kunming mice were treated with PbCl_(2)(20 mg/kg)and/or EC(50 mg/kg)by gavage administration for 4 weeks.Morris water maze test showed that EC could improve memory dysfunction induced by Pb.EC antagonized Ca^(2+)overload,activated Nrf2 signaling pathway and reduced the accumulation of Pb in the brain and serum,which suggested that EC might alter Pb distribution in mice.In vitro,spectroscopic analysis,potentiometric titration and docking studies were applied to inquiry into the interaction between bovine serum albumin(BSA)and Pb^(2+)in presence or absence of EC.EC was proved to chelate Pb^(2+)and reduced the interaction between BSA and Pb^(2+).In summary,EC might protect Pb-induced cognitive impairment by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway,and suppressing Pb accumulation via interference on the binding of Pb to albumin.

Conformity Assessment of Lead Aprons Used in Conventional Radiology: A Multi-Centre Survey in Togo

Aim: Lead aprons are used to protect against scattered radiation from the patient during interventional procedures and certain special conventional radiological examinations. Given the importance of the role lead aprons are supposed to play in radiation protection, we propose to assess their conformity in medical imaging departments in public and religious hospitals in Togo. Materials and method: A multi-centre survey conducted from 26 November to 06 December 2021 in the radiology departments of public and religious health facilities in Togo. All aprons in use were included. The evaluation criteria were physical (visual), quantitative (radiographic) and qualitative (dosimetric). Results: We had registred 43 aprons among wich 27 (62.79%) leaded aprons were labelled non-compliant and 16 (37.21%) were labelled compliant. Of the aprons judged to be non-compliant, 70.37% were more than 10 years old and 96.30% showed defects on the radiographic images. The most common defects were vampire marks (18.64%), multiple folds (16.96%), cracks (16.96%), multiple cracks (15.25%), tears (8.47%), absence of lead (5.08%), holes (3.39%) and lead corrosion (1.69%). Defective aprons (62.96%) had at least two defects. The defects were of thoraco-abdomino-pelvic (74.07%), thoracic (14.82%) and abdomino-pelvic (11.11%) topography. For indirect exposure at 50 and 70 kilovolts, all the aprons had an attenuation factor greater than 90%. After dosimetric measurement, 13.95% of aprons had attenuation factors below 90% for indirect exposure at 100 kilovolts. Conclusion: The compliance of the leaded decks is trifactorial (physical, radiographic and dosimetric). However, there is no significant difference in X-ray attenuation capacity between defective and normal decks.

Management of a patient with an unusual trajectory of a temporary trans-venous pacing lead

Perforation of the right ventricle during placement of pacing wires is a welldocumented complication and can be potentially fatal.Use of temporary pacemaker,helical screw leads and steroids use prior to implant are recognised as risk factors for development of post-permanent pacemaker effusion.We reported an unusual case of pacing wire perforating interventricular septum into the left ventricle that occurred during the implant procedure performed in another institution.After the preoperative work-up and transfer to our tertiary cardiothoracic centre,the patient underwent successful surgical management.In conclusion,early recognition and timely diagnosis using advanced multimodality imaging can guide surgical intervention and prevent unfavourable consequences of device-related complications.

Seasonal Characteristics of Forecasting Uncertainties in Surface PM_(2.5)Concentration Associated with Forecast Lead Time over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

Forecasting uncertainties among meteorological fields have long been recognized as the main limitation on the accuracy and predictability of air quality forecasts.However,the particular impact of meteorological forecasting uncertainties on air quality forecasts specific to different seasons is still not well known.In this study,a series of forecasts with different forecast lead times for January,April,July,and October of 2018 are conducted over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)region and the impacts of meteorological forecasting uncertainties on surface PM_(2.5)concentration forecasts with each lead time are investigated.With increased lead time,the forecasted PM_(2.5)concentrations significantly change and demonstrate obvious seasonal variations.In general,the forecasting uncertainties in monthly mean surface PM_(2.5)concentrations in the BTH region due to lead time are the largest(80%)in spring,followed by autumn(~50%),summer(~40%),and winter(20%).In winter,the forecasting uncertainties in total surface PM_(2.5)mass due to lead time are mainly due to the uncertainties in PBL heights and hence the PBL mixing of anthropogenic primary particles.In spring,the forecasting uncertainties are mainly from the impacts of lead time on lower-tropospheric northwesterly winds,thereby further enhancing the condensation production of anthropogenic secondary particles by the long-range transport of natural dust.In summer,the forecasting uncertainties result mainly from the decrease in dry and wet deposition rates,which are associated with the reduction of near-surface wind speed and precipitation rate.In autumn,the forecasting uncertainties arise mainly from the change in the transport of remote natural dust and anthropogenic particles,which is associated with changes in the large-scale circulation.

ZTE Leading in LTE Innovation;1700 Patents for LTE/SAE Filed

ZTE Corporation announced on February 12, 2010 that by late 2009 it had applied for more than 1,700 LTE/SAE patents. ZTE is focused on advancing the LTE market with strong innovation that will benefit both consumers and operators with 4G experience and functionality.

Analysis of Oxygen Consumption in Lead and Zinc Metallurgy

This article analyzes the role of oxygen in lead zinc metallurgy,including shortening the metallurgical process,promoting energy conservation and environmental protection,improving metallurgical strength,enhancing raw material adaptability,and enhancing comprehensive recovery efficiency.This article introduces different lead zinc metallurgical processes and their oxygen consumption characteristics,including oxygen enriched side blowing lead smelting,oxygen bottom blowing lead smelting,oxygen enriched top blowing lead smelting,flash smelting lead,oxygen pressure leaching zinc smelting,and atmospheric pressure oxygen leaching zinc smelting.It is pointed out that oxygen enhanced metallurgy is the direction for the transformation and upgrading of lead zinc metallurgy.

NIC X-FILE和DENCO Pre-Shaper镍钛器械对模拟弯曲根管成形的影响

背景:根管预备是根管治疗的关键步骤,近年来随着新型镍钛器械的迅速发展,根管成形能力得到了显著提高,然而不同种类的镍钛系统成形能力亦不同,目前国内外关于R相热处理机用镍钛器械NIC X-FILE和DENCO Pre-Shaper对弯曲根管成形能力的影响鲜见报道。目的:比较NIC X-FILE和DENCO Pre-Shaper机用镍钛锉预备树脂模拟弯曲根管的成形效果。方法:选取树脂模拟弯曲根管50个,随机分为2组(n=25),分别使用NIC X-FILE、DENCO Pre-Shaper镍钛根管锉进行根管预备,记录根管预备时间、采集根管预备前后图像。使用图像处理和分析软件测量各观测点的根管内、外侧壁树脂去除量,运用统计学软件,对比研究两种机用镍钛锉的根管预备时间和中心定位能力。结果与结论:①DENCO Pre-Shaper组平均根管预备时间为(1.58±0.02)min,NIC X-FILE组平均根管预备时间为(2.22±0.03)min,两组间比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);②DENCO Pre-Shaper组在距离根尖孔4,5,7,8,9,10 mm处的内侧树脂去除量多于NIC X-FILE组(P<0.05),在距离根尖孔3,5,6,7,8 mm处的外侧树脂去除量少于NIC X-FILE组(P<0.05);③在距离根尖孔2,4,5,6,7,8,9 mm处,NIC X-FILE组的中心定位能力优于DENCO Pre-Shaper组(P<0.05),其中在距离根尖孔4 mm处的中心定位能力最佳;④结果表明,DENCO Pre-Shaper根管锉较NIC X-FILE镍钛根管锉具有较高的机械效率,但其中心定位能力不如NIC X-FILE镍钛根管锉。

MER联合Lead-DBS在帕金森病患者术后程控中的应用研究

目的探讨微电极记录(MER)联合多模态影像融合技术(Lead-DBS)多模态影像融合技术在帕金森病患者术后程控中的应用效果。方法选取中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八八医院2018年10月至2023年8月期间收治的60例帕金森病患者,随机将其分为对照组和观察组。对照组患者根据脑深部电刺激术(DBS)专家程控共识逐个触点程控,观察组患者根据MER联合术后Lead-DBS多模态影像融合技术进行程控。比较两组术中操作时间、术后症状改善情况、生活质量评分、不良情绪及并发症发生率。结果观察组术中操作时间少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预前两组帕金森症状评分、帕金森病生活质量评分、不良情绪评分、并发症发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后观察组帕金森症状评分、帕金森病生活质量评分、不良情绪评分、并发症发生率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论术中MER联合术后Lead-DBS多模态影像融合技术,结合患者症状针对性选择开机触点方法具有较高的可行性,可提高手术效率、改善患者预后,安全性良好。

Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Some Sn-Zn Based Lead-Free Quinary Alloys

Although there are many lead-free soldering alloys on the market, none of them have ideal qualities. The researchers are combining binary alloys with a variety of additional materials to create the soldering alloys’ features. The eutectic Sn-9Zn alloy is among them. This paper investigated the mechanical and electrical properties of Sn-9Zn-x (Ag, Cu, Sb);{x = 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6} lead-free solder alloys. The mechanical properties such as elastic modulus, ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS), and ductility were examined at the strain rates in a range from 4.17 10−3 s−1 to 208.5 10−3 s−1 at room temperature. It is found that increasing the content of the alloying elements and strain rate increases the elastic modulus, ultimate tensile strength, and yield strength while the ductility decreases. The electrical conductivity of the alloys is found to be a little smaller than that of the Sn-9Zn eutectic alloy.

A Study on the Leading-in Methods in English Class Teaching

The article mainly discusses the necessity of leading-in in English class and gives some effective methods of Leadingin on how to improve students’learning enthusiasm.

A Large-scale Tertiary Salt Nappe Complex in the Leading Edge of the Kuqa Foreland Fold-Thrust Belt, the Tarim Basin, Northwest China

The tectono-stratigraphic sequences of the Kuqa foreland fold-thrust belt in the northern Tarim basin, northwest China, can be divided into the Mesozoic sub-salt sequence, the Paleocene-Eocene salt sequence and the Oligocene-Quaternary supra-salt sequence. The salt sequence is composed mainly of light grey halite, gypsum, marl and brown elastics. A variety of salt-related structures have developed in the Kuqa foreland fold belt, in which the most fascinating structures are salt nappe complex. Based on field observation, seismic interpretation and drilling data, a large-scale salt nappe complex has been identified. It trends approximately east-west for over 200 km and occurs along the west Qiulitag Mountains. Its thrusting displacement is over 30 km. The salt nappe complex appears as an arcuate zone projecting southwestwards along the leading edge of the Kuqa foreland fold belt. The major thrust fault is developed along the Paleocene-Eocene salt beds. The allochthonous nappes comprise large north-dipping faulting monoclines which are made up of Paleocene-Pliocene sediments. Geological analysis and cross-section restoration revealed that the salt nappes were mainly formed at the late Himalayan stage (c.a. 1.64 Ma BP) and have been active until the present day. Because of inhomogeneous thrusting, a great difference may exist in thrust displacement, thrust occurrence, superimposition of allochthonous and autochthonous sequences and the development of the salt-related structures, which indicates the segmentation along the salt nappes. Regional compression, gravitational gliding and spreading controlled the formation and evolution of the salt nappe complex in the Kuqa foreland fold belt.

Effect of Flat Plate Leading Edge Pattern on Structure of Streamwise Vortices Generated in Its Boundary Layer

The use of leading edge with different geometrical patterns will affect the development of boundary layer flow on a flat plate and its heat transfer properties. In this work, the effects of three patterns namely saw-tooth, semicircular and slots with same wavelength and amplitude were examined. The experiments were carried out for Reynolds number based on wavelength of patterns ranging from 1540 to 3850. For all cases, after each valley, an oval shape region was formed containing a counter- rotating vortex pair. It is also shown that for the flat plate with slots, another vortex was visualized between each valley.