Study of LED array fill light based on parallel particle swarm optimization in greenhouse planting

Agricultural productivity is crucial to the economy.The output and quality of crops have a direct impact on people’s daily lives and a country’s food and clothing.Therefore,harvesting high-quality crops efficiently and maximizing yield per unit area are the most important goals pursued by farmers.As an important parameter of plant growth,light intensity is one of the important factors that affects plant growth and development,morphological establishment and accumulation of functional chemical substances.When light intensity cannot meet the plant’s needs,the optimal light intensity or uneven light distribution will have a greater impact on plant growth and development.This paper aims to address the optimal plant light intensity problem.The paper presents an expert system technology database storing the empirical value of real-time light intensity values and compares it with a parallel particle swarm optimization algorithm to identify the optimal locations where LED lights need to be turned on and where drive circuit lit LED arrays need to be situated,to identify the number of LED fill lights and to solve light intensity optimization problems.

东北地区教育建筑天然采光设计机制和优化策略研究

本文针对东北地区教育建筑冬季严重眩光和照度不足的双重问题,从探索典型教室空间天然光分布特点入手,分析采光设计机制,通过实地观察监测和静态、动态模拟比较分析,提出了界面柔光、构件导光和腔体补光三种采光优化设计策略,并结合实际工程进行了设计应用和建成后的监测评估,形成了对教育建筑设计实践具有参考借鉴价值的方法探索和理念创新。

Alkyl Naphthalenes and Phenanthrenes:Molecular Markers for Tracing Filling Pathways of Light Oil and Condensate Reservoirs

Condensates and light oils are generally characterized by high maturity, low concentration of sterane and terpane biomarkers and low content of non-hydrocarbon fraction. As a result, some commonly-used sterane, terpane and carbazole migration parameters in conventional oil reservoirs may have a certain limitation in condensate and light oil reservoirs for their poor signal-noise ratios in the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Naphthalene, phenanthrene and their methylated substituents, however, are present in significant concentrations in condensates and light oils. Taking the Fushan depression （in the Beibuwan Basin, Northern South China Sea） as an example, this paper attempts for the first time to use polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon （PAH）-related parameters to trace migration directions and filling pathways for condensate and light oil reservoirs. The result shows that TMNr （i.e. 1, 3, 7-TMN/（1, 3, 7-TMN ＋ 1, 2, 5-TMN）, TMN： trimethylnaphthalene））, MPI-1 （i.e. 1.5×（2-MP ＋ 3-MP）/（P ＋ 1-MP ＋ 9-MP）, P： phenanthrene MP： methyiphenanthrene）, MN/DMN （∑methylnaphthalene/∑dimethylnaphthalene, %） and MN/TMN （∑nethylnaphthalene/∑trimethylna- phthalene, %） can be used to trace the filling pathways of condensate and light oil reservoirs. These parameters, together with geological consideration and other bulk oil properties （e.g. the gas to oil ratio and density）, suggest that the condensates and light oils in the Huachang oil and gas field are mainly sourced from the Bailian sag that is located to the northeast of the Huachang uplift in the Fushan depression.

不同光质补光对富士苹果果实品质的影响

【目的】探究不同光质补光对富士苹果果实品质的影响,为提高苹果果实品质提供参考依据。【方法】以7年生烟富3/M9-T337为材料,以自然光为对照,设置7个补光处理,分别为白光(W)、蓝光(B)、红光(R)、紫外光(UVA)、红蓝光组合9∶1、6∶1、3∶1(BR1、BR2、BR3),测定果实品质以及色泽形成相关关键基因表达差异。【结果】不同光质补光条件下可溶性糖含量BR3>R>B>W>RB2>CK。蓝光显著降低可滴定酸含量。BR3处理显著增加果实中可溶性固形物含量,达到了对照组的1.18倍。红光、紫外光、BR3处理维生素C含量分别比对照增加28.35%、18.53%、10.49%。BR3中花青苷含量最高,是对照组的1.6倍。BR3处理色泽形成相关关键基因MdDFR、MdUFGT、MdCHS、MdF3H、MdMYB10上调最为显著,分别是对照组的4.17倍、1.94倍、5.23倍、6.71倍、5.03倍。【结论】BR3处理条件下,果皮中花青苷含量最高,色泽形成相关基因表达量上调最为显著,同时也能够增加果实维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性固形物含量,降低可滴定酸含量,果实品质的提升效果最好。

不同光质补光对辣椒生长发育及果实品质的影响

以樟树港辣椒为试材,采用塑料大棚栽培,研究了在夜间分段(19:00—22:00,3:00—6:00)进行不同光质〔NIR(近红外光)、R(红光)、G(绿光)、UV-A(长波紫外光)、B(蓝光)、红蓝组合光(3R2B、2R3B)、W(白光)〕顶部补光处理对辣椒生长发育及果实品质的影响。结果表明:与不补光对照相比,蓝光(B)处理对果实品质提升效果最佳,果实中的辣椒素、抗坏血酸、类黄酮和类胡萝卜素含量均显著提高,分别较对照增加了12.35%、46.64%、37.52%和18.44%。同时,B处理辣椒单株产量也显著提升,较对照提高20.64%。Pearson分析显示,果实干质量是最能代表辣椒生长发育和果实品质优劣的指标。聚类分析和主成分分析显示,B和红蓝组合光(2R3B、3R2B)是调节效果优的光质;G、紫外光(10U、20U)和NIR是调节效果差的光质。采用隶属函数法进行综合评价,B处理下辣椒的平均隶属函数值最高,是设施栽培中改善辣椒生长发育及果实品质的最佳光环境调控光质。

不同光质激光对人参生长的影响

近年来,随着半导体激光器技术的不断进步,在农业领域应用的激光技术备受关注。激光光源具有单色性强、电光转换效率高、使用成本低等优势,为提高农作物质量、增加产量提供了新的技术支持。为了研究不同光质激光对人参生长、生理生化指标以及多糖、皂苷积累等方面的影响,选取二年生人参载子进行试验。从展叶期到叶片枯萎前的每日上午7:00—11:00,下午14:00—18:00分别利用全波长LED灯、红色激光灯(R3)、蓝色激光灯(B3)、混合激光灯(R2B1、R3B2)(光量子通量密度分别为4.48μmol/(m^(2)·s),4.61μmol/(m^(2)·s))补光,针对不同光质补光的影响,本研究设立了不补光作为空白对照组,研究发现,人参的净光合作用能力、叶片的气孔导度等都有所改善。特别是LED处理组的净光合速率表现最为突出,而蓝光处理组则在蒸腾速率和胞间CO_(2)浓度方面取得了最显著的效果提升。R3B2处理组气孔导度最大。就生长情况而言,人参在红蓝混合光处理下表现最佳,相比于对照组,蓝光能够显著提高植株的高度、增加叶片的长度和宽度,LED补光组根重、叶重均高于其他处理;从营养物质积累方面来看,蓝光处理下多糖含量最高,红光处理下皂苷含量积累普遍高于蓝光处理组,说明红光促进人参皂苷含量的积累,R2B1处理组Rg1、Rb1皂苷含量最高,远高于其他处理,R3B2处理时Re皂苷含量与红光处理组结果相当,高于其他4个处理。在未来的研究中,我们将选取最适宜人参生长及营养物质积累的激光补光条件,为缩短人参生长周期、提质增效而提供可行性方法。

基于近红外成像的舱内摄像头补光技术

汽车舱内摄像头DMS和OMS是对车内人员的精神状态、生命特征、肢体表达等进行识别的,为了保证算法识别的成功率,对图像中人脸或肢体的亮度有一定要求。针对近红外成像需要主动光源补光的特点,提出了一种汽车舱内摄像头近红外补光的技术方案,依据红外辐射光源空间通量分布、人体表皮的近红外特征、几何光学的折反射规律、Sensor的光电转换能力等方面的理论,建立计算模型,推导出补光LED的功率与图像中人脸亮度DN值之间的关系公式。在数据模型中通过该公式推算应用5.2W近红外补光LED对人脸进行补光后,图像中所拍摄的人脸的亮度DN值进行模拟计算。同时搭建了舱内摄像头的验证系统,通过对试验车内人员实际补光后拍摄图像数据进行亮度DN值分析,并与理论推算结果进行比对,实验结果与计算结果误差小于±5%,满足算法要求,验证了舱内摄像头近红外补光的技术方案的可行性。

ZCDL系列薄煤层智能填充液压支架系统结构研究

针对山东枣庄某矿区采煤工艺大多为高档普采,由于没有综采液压支架的辅助导致该采煤工艺用人多、产量低、回填时安全隐患大的问题,结合垂直导杆轻型液压支架结构的技术优势,设计了一种适合薄煤层填充的智能轻型液压支架。该支架安全可靠、投资少、收益率高,同时又能有效减少井下采煤工作面人员数量。

方钢管超轻混凝土短柱轴压性能试验研究

对16个方钢管超轻混凝土短柱和8个空钢管短柱进行了轴压试验,以超轻混凝土强度和含钢率为变化参数,研究方钢管超轻混凝土短柱的破坏形态和受力性能。结果表明,随着超轻混凝土强度的降低,钢管对核心混凝土的约束效应越强;随着含钢率的增加,构件的承载力和变形能力提高,但当含钢率高于0.25时,超轻混凝土的存在对构件的承载力和变形能力已基本没有影响。基于叠加理论,提出了适用于方钢管超轻混凝土短柱承载力的计算公式。

架空输电线路无人机巡检中的自动补光系统应用研究

架空输电线路作为电力传输的主要载体,需要定期巡检确保其状态良好、无故障缺陷。传统人工巡检方式存在效率低下、成本高昂、复杂地形难以覆盖等问题。随着科技的发展,无人机技术为架空输电线路的巡检提供新的解决方案。无人机具有灵活性强、操作简便、覆盖范围大及成本低廉等优势,能够轻松穿越复杂地形,对线路进行高效、准确的巡检。然而,无人机巡检在外界光线条件较暗的环境下往往无法准确、快速、清晰采集图像,难以精准高效开展可视化巡检、故障排查等。因此,基于图腾柱开关控制电路,设计一种无人机在架空输电线路巡检中使用的自动补光系统,以多旋翼无人机搭载可见光巡检设备为测试平台,并通过现场实践论证该自动补光系统的可行性和高效性。

植物补光灯用Sr_(3)LiSbO_(6):Mn^(4+),Eu^(3+)荧光粉的制备及发光性能

目的:探究一种新型植物补光灯用荧光粉的制备与发光性能。方法:采用高温固相法制备红色荧光粉Sr_(3)LiSbO_(6):Mn^(4+),Eu^(3+),分析其XRD、SEM、发光性能、热稳定性、寿命衰减和色度坐标。结果:制得的荧光粉可被305 nm紫外光激发,其中Sr_(3)LiSbO_(6):0.2%Mn^(4+),14%Eu^(3+)具有最佳发光强度,并在698 nm处呈现强的红光荧光辐射。同时探究样品的浓度猝灭效应,将猝灭归因于偶极-偶极(d-d)相互作用。探讨样品的热稳定性,在155℃下的发光强度为室温下的64.5%。同时对样品的荧光寿命和CIE进行系统分析,结果表明利用最佳荧光粉封装的LED呈现强的红光荧光辐射。结论:制得的Sr_(3)LiSbO_(6:)Mn^(4+),Eu^(3+)荧光粉是一种新型LED红色荧光材料。荧光发射谱与植物光敏色素P fr和P r的光谱比对表明,基于该荧光粉封装的LED在植物照明方面具有较好的应用前景。

不同掺加剂条件下轻质充填材料强度演化特征研究

掺加剂对轻质充填材料强度产生重要影响,研究不同掺加剂条件下轻质充填材料的强度演化特征具有重要意义。根据不同掺加剂条件下轻质充填材料试验结果,分析了水灰比、粉煤灰和浆液密度对轻质充填材料强度的影响,研究结果表明:不同水灰比条件下轻质充填材料强度抗压强度整体上升,并且增长率先增加后减小,当水灰比自0.5增加至0.7时,试件的28d单轴抗压强度由3.76MPa减小至2.75MPa。粉煤灰能够改善轻质充填体的后期强度,粉煤灰的二次水化作用,能够有效增加轻质充填体后期的强度。轻质充填体抗压强度随着浆液密度的升高而不断增大,随着浆液密度的增大,材料固结体气孔率及气孔孔径减小,轻质充填体强度增加。

油气设备光固化快速堵漏技术初探

变压器、GIS开关柜等电气设备需要通过填充绝缘油或SF6气体实现绝缘充油、充气电气设备中常常出现各种渗漏问题,在设备运行过程中快速实施原位堵漏修复的技术需求及其迫切。本文介绍了利用光固化树脂的瞬时固化技术,对泄漏较为严重的油气绝缘设备进行快速堵漏的修复方法,并对该类树脂的固化反应速率、粘接强度、堵漏效果、及其在各类有机液体环境中的稳定性进行研究,在实验室进行初步探索后认为该技术具有良好的现场快速堵漏的应用前景,堵漏效果、树脂稳定性和牢固性能良好。

装配式钢架灯光栈桥在高填方机场进近灯光系统中的应用研究

丽水机场位于丽水市西南部约15公里的低山丘陵和山麓沟谷区,毗邻当地特色梯田,是华东地区第一高边坡机场,该项目是一个大型削峰填谷的复杂高填方机场工程。工程进近灯光系统结合贵阳龙洞堡机场等多个中西部机场实地考察并结合本工程地质特点,将初步设计阶段的助航灯光独立铁塔方案改为钢架栈桥,解决了原独立铁塔无法满足灯光带横跨道路、河道、厂区厂房等特殊自然环境的先天缺陷,以及日常维护成本高,高空作业安全风险较大,应急抢修时间长等后续运维问题。通过设计方案优化,用钢量减少了50%,钢筋混凝土用量减少了84%,工程建安费支出整体减少了58%,减少碳排放6500吨,取得了非常好的经济及社会效益。

泡沫轻质土与水泥土搅拌桩在厚软土桥头路基处理中的应用

泡沫轻质土具有重量轻、固化后自立、耐久性高等优点,应用泡沫轻质土是目前解决道路改扩建路基处理、管线开挖回填处理、软土地基处理和桥头路基不均匀沉降等工程问题的有效措施。针对厚软土地基桥头路基处理,文中结合实际工程案例,分析了泡沫轻质土材料在厚软土桥头路基处理中的设计和应用,阐明了泡沫轻质土的特性和正台阶填筑设计施工方法。结果表明,采用泡沫轻质土进行厚软土桥头路基处理对控制地基不均匀沉降具有显著效果。

Lightness Perception Model for Natural Images

A perceptual lightness anchoring model based on visual cognition is proposed. It can recover absolute lightness of natural images using filling-in mechanism from single-scale boundaries. First, it adapts the response of retinal photoreceptors to varying levels of illumination. Then luminance-correlated contrast information can be obtained through multiplex encoding without additional luminance channel. Dynamic normalization is used to get smooth and continuous boundary contours. Different boundaries are used for ON and OFF channel diffusion layers. Theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate that the model could recover natural images under varying illumination, and solve the trapping, blurring and fogging problems to some extent.

小矢跨比上承式钢管混凝土空间桁架拱桥设计

为解决小矢跨比钢管混凝土景观拱桥结构受力复杂、拱脚推力大的问题,文章对一座净跨径为80 m、净矢跨比为1/8的上承式钢管混凝土拱桥进行了设计分析,提出了采用空间四管桁式截面拱肋及轻型化拱上建筑的结构措施。最后采用通用有限元程序,对全桥结构施工及运营阶段进行了静力分析。研究结果表明,应用这些结构措施,有效提高了拱圈的承载力和稳定性,桥面系减轻了63.4%,小矢跨比钢管混凝土景观拱桥设计满足相关规范要求。

Impact of the light intensity variation on the performance of solar cell constructed from (Muscovite/TiO₂/Dye/Al)

In this work, the influence of the light intensity as one of the parameters that control the solar cell is studied. The effect of the other main variables, such as temperature, rotation per Minuit of the spin coating instrument, and the samples concentration, was found to be in conformity with other results, but unfortunately the intensity of light does not increase the solar cell efficiency, and fill factor, by other words it was found to play only a secondary role.

The Effect of the Light Intensity and Light Distances of LED and QTH Curing Devices on the Hardness of Two Light-Cured Nano-Resin Composites

Background: Effective polymerization of the composite resin is essential to obtain long term clinical success and has a great importance obtaining improved mechanical properties. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of the light intensity of LED and QTH curing devices in relation to the light distances, on the hardness (KHN) of two light cure nano-resin composite. Material and Methods: The top and bottom surfaces of the two nanofill composite specimens were evaluated. Two LED and two QTH light curing devices were used at nine different distances. Light intensity was measured with two radiometers placed at these same distances from the curing tip. 360 pvc dies were prepared with circular cavity 3 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick. The tested materials were placed in each cavity. The different light curing distances were standardized by adding pvc spacers dies at different height matching the different distances. Top and bottom surface microhardness were evaluated with a Micro Hardness Tester in knoop hardness numbers (Kg/mm2). Data were statistically analyzed using: Three-way ANOVA, Tukey and Pearsons test. Results: It was revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in microhardness between the composites (p < 0.001), between the nine distances (p < 0.001) and between the four light curing devices (p < 0.001). Increasing the distance of the light source from composite resin, the light intensity and the microhardness values at the top and bottom surface decrease. LED light curing devices produced a greater microhardness results at the bottom surface of the specimens. The Filtek Ultimate nanocomposite (3 m) showed highest microhardness values on the top and bottom surfaces, polymerized with all four curing devices and all nine distances compared to Empress Direct nano composite (Ivoclar vivadent). Clinical significant: Even with high power LED curing light, the distance between the tip of the light source and the restoration surface should be as close as possible. In this study, Filtek Ultimate showed better results (highest microhardness values) than Empress Direct.

一种矿用本安型音视频记录仪

设计了一种矿用本安型音视频记录仪。设备基于5G SOC处理器,采用感光传感器+白光/红外激光补光+本质安全电路方案,在低照度、全黑或密闭空间的环境下,能采集、压缩、存储、显示4K高清视频图像,同时将采集的音视频数据进行实时远传;记录仪具有低照度环境下成像质量高、拍摄距离远、功耗小等特点,支持TCP/IP、UDP、RTP、ONVIF、GB28181等协议,除了作为井下信息记录外,还可以辅助应急指挥部及时展开救援行动。测试结果表明:记录仪黑暗环境下图片分辨率为10688×6012,视频分辨率为2560×1440,可视距离达20 m,数据丢包率约为0.068%,时延约为15.85 ms,可实现持续视频摄录9 h或持续视频回传4 h。