Agricultural productivity is crucial to the economy.The output and quality of crops have a direct impact on people’s daily lives and a country’s food and clothing.Therefore,harvesting high-quality crops efficiently ...Agricultural productivity is crucial to the economy.The output and quality of crops have a direct impact on people’s daily lives and a country’s food and clothing.Therefore,harvesting high-quality crops efficiently and maximizing yield per unit area are the most important goals pursued by farmers.As an important parameter of plant growth,light intensity is one of the important factors that affects plant growth and development,morphological establishment and accumulation of functional chemical substances.When light intensity cannot meet the plant’s needs,the optimal light intensity or uneven light distribution will have a greater impact on plant growth and development.This paper aims to address the optimal plant light intensity problem.The paper presents an expert system technology database storing the empirical value of real-time light intensity values and compares it with a parallel particle swarm optimization algorithm to identify the optimal locations where LED lights need to be turned on and where drive circuit lit LED arrays need to be situated,to identify the number of LED fill lights and to solve light intensity optimization problems.展开更多
Condensates and light oils are generally characterized by high maturity, low concentration of sterane and terpane biomarkers and low content of non-hydrocarbon fraction. As a result, some commonly-used sterane, terpan...Condensates and light oils are generally characterized by high maturity, low concentration of sterane and terpane biomarkers and low content of non-hydrocarbon fraction. As a result, some commonly-used sterane, terpane and carbazole migration parameters in conventional oil reservoirs may have a certain limitation in condensate and light oil reservoirs for their poor signal-noise ratios in the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Naphthalene, phenanthrene and their methylated substituents, however, are present in significant concentrations in condensates and light oils. Taking the Fushan depression （in the Beibuwan Basin, Northern South China Sea） as an example, this paper attempts for the first time to use polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon （PAH）-related parameters to trace migration directions and filling pathways for condensate and light oil reservoirs. The result shows that TMNr （i.e. 1, 3, 7-TMN/（1, 3, 7-TMN ＋ 1, 2, 5-TMN）, TMN： trimethylnaphthalene））, MPI-1 （i.e. 1.5×（2-MP ＋ 3-MP）/（P ＋ 1-MP ＋ 9-MP）, P： phenanthrene MP： methyiphenanthrene）, MN/DMN （∑methylnaphthalene/∑dimethylnaphthalene, %） and MN/TMN （∑nethylnaphthalene/∑trimethylna- phthalene, %） can be used to trace the filling pathways of condensate and light oil reservoirs. These parameters, together with geological consideration and other bulk oil properties （e.g. the gas to oil ratio and density）, suggest that the condensates and light oils in the Huachang oil and gas field are mainly sourced from the Bailian sag that is located to the northeast of the Huachang uplift in the Fushan depression.展开更多
A perceptual lightness anchoring model based on visual cognition is proposed. It can recover absolute lightness of natural images using filling-in mechanism from single-scale boundaries. First, it adapts the response ...A perceptual lightness anchoring model based on visual cognition is proposed. It can recover absolute lightness of natural images using filling-in mechanism from single-scale boundaries. First, it adapts the response of retinal photoreceptors to varying levels of illumination. Then luminance-correlated contrast information can be obtained through multiplex encoding without additional luminance channel. Dynamic normalization is used to get smooth and continuous boundary contours. Different boundaries are used for ON and OFF channel diffusion layers. Theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate that the model could recover natural images under varying illumination, and solve the trapping, blurring and fogging problems to some extent.展开更多
In this work, the influence of the light intensity as one of the parameters that control the solar cell is studied. The effect of the other main variables, such as temperature, rotation per Minuit of the spin coating ...In this work, the influence of the light intensity as one of the parameters that control the solar cell is studied. The effect of the other main variables, such as temperature, rotation per Minuit of the spin coating instrument, and the samples concentration, was found to be in conformity with other results, but unfortunately the intensity of light does not increase the solar cell efficiency, and fill factor, by other words it was found to play only a secondary role.展开更多
Background: Effective polymerization of the composite resin is essential to obtain long term clinical success and has a great importance obtaining improved mechanical properties. The purpose of this study was to measu...Background: Effective polymerization of the composite resin is essential to obtain long term clinical success and has a great importance obtaining improved mechanical properties. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of the light intensity of LED and QTH curing devices in relation to the light distances, on the hardness (KHN) of two light cure nano-resin composite. Material and Methods: The top and bottom surfaces of the two nanofill composite specimens were evaluated. Two LED and two QTH light curing devices were used at nine different distances. Light intensity was measured with two radiometers placed at these same distances from the curing tip. 360 pvc dies were prepared with circular cavity 3 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick. The tested materials were placed in each cavity. The different light curing distances were standardized by adding pvc spacers dies at different height matching the different distances. Top and bottom surface microhardness were evaluated with a Micro Hardness Tester in knoop hardness numbers (Kg/mm2). Data were statistically analyzed using: Three-way ANOVA, Tukey and Pearsons test. Results: It was revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in microhardness between the composites (p < 0.001), between the nine distances (p < 0.001) and between the four light curing devices (p < 0.001). Increasing the distance of the light source from composite resin, the light intensity and the microhardness values at the top and bottom surface decrease. LED light curing devices produced a greater microhardness results at the bottom surface of the specimens. The Filtek Ultimate nanocomposite (3 m) showed highest microhardness values on the top and bottom surfaces, polymerized with all four curing devices and all nine distances compared to Empress Direct nano composite (Ivoclar vivadent). Clinical significant: Even with high power LED curing light, the distance between the tip of the light source and the restoration surface should be as close as possible. In this study, Filtek Ultimate showed better results (highest microhardness values) than Empress Direct.展开更多
基金support from the Top-notch talent plan program of higher education in Hebei(BJ2017036)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.C2015204043)Key Research and Development Program of Hebei Province(18227209D,18227209D-1).
文摘Agricultural productivity is crucial to the economy.The output and quality of crops have a direct impact on people’s daily lives and a country’s food and clothing.Therefore,harvesting high-quality crops efficiently and maximizing yield per unit area are the most important goals pursued by farmers.As an important parameter of plant growth,light intensity is one of the important factors that affects plant growth and development,morphological establishment and accumulation of functional chemical substances.When light intensity cannot meet the plant’s needs,the optimal light intensity or uneven light distribution will have a greater impact on plant growth and development.This paper aims to address the optimal plant light intensity problem.The paper presents an expert system technology database storing the empirical value of real-time light intensity values and compares it with a parallel particle swarm optimization algorithm to identify the optimal locations where LED lights need to be turned on and where drive circuit lit LED arrays need to be situated,to identify the number of LED fill lights and to solve light intensity optimization problems.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40972089),CNPC Innovation Fund(Grant No.07E1001)the State Key Laboratory of the Petroleum Resources and Prospecting(Grant No.PRPDX2008-01)
文摘Condensates and light oils are generally characterized by high maturity, low concentration of sterane and terpane biomarkers and low content of non-hydrocarbon fraction. As a result, some commonly-used sterane, terpane and carbazole migration parameters in conventional oil reservoirs may have a certain limitation in condensate and light oil reservoirs for their poor signal-noise ratios in the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Naphthalene, phenanthrene and their methylated substituents, however, are present in significant concentrations in condensates and light oils. Taking the Fushan depression （in the Beibuwan Basin, Northern South China Sea） as an example, this paper attempts for the first time to use polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon （PAH）-related parameters to trace migration directions and filling pathways for condensate and light oil reservoirs. The result shows that TMNr （i.e. 1, 3, 7-TMN/（1, 3, 7-TMN ＋ 1, 2, 5-TMN）, TMN： trimethylnaphthalene））, MPI-1 （i.e. 1.5×（2-MP ＋ 3-MP）/（P ＋ 1-MP ＋ 9-MP）, P： phenanthrene MP： methyiphenanthrene）, MN/DMN （∑methylnaphthalene/∑dimethylnaphthalene, %） and MN/TMN （∑nethylnaphthalene/∑trimethylna- phthalene, %） can be used to trace the filling pathways of condensate and light oil reservoirs. These parameters, together with geological consideration and other bulk oil properties （e.g. the gas to oil ratio and density）, suggest that the condensates and light oils in the Huachang oil and gas field are mainly sourced from the Bailian sag that is located to the northeast of the Huachang uplift in the Fushan depression.
文摘A perceptual lightness anchoring model based on visual cognition is proposed. It can recover absolute lightness of natural images using filling-in mechanism from single-scale boundaries. First, it adapts the response of retinal photoreceptors to varying levels of illumination. Then luminance-correlated contrast information can be obtained through multiplex encoding without additional luminance channel. Dynamic normalization is used to get smooth and continuous boundary contours. Different boundaries are used for ON and OFF channel diffusion layers. Theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate that the model could recover natural images under varying illumination, and solve the trapping, blurring and fogging problems to some extent.
文摘In this work, the influence of the light intensity as one of the parameters that control the solar cell is studied. The effect of the other main variables, such as temperature, rotation per Minuit of the spin coating instrument, and the samples concentration, was found to be in conformity with other results, but unfortunately the intensity of light does not increase the solar cell efficiency, and fill factor, by other words it was found to play only a secondary role.
文摘Background: Effective polymerization of the composite resin is essential to obtain long term clinical success and has a great importance obtaining improved mechanical properties. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of the light intensity of LED and QTH curing devices in relation to the light distances, on the hardness (KHN) of two light cure nano-resin composite. Material and Methods: The top and bottom surfaces of the two nanofill composite specimens were evaluated. Two LED and two QTH light curing devices were used at nine different distances. Light intensity was measured with two radiometers placed at these same distances from the curing tip. 360 pvc dies were prepared with circular cavity 3 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick. The tested materials were placed in each cavity. The different light curing distances were standardized by adding pvc spacers dies at different height matching the different distances. Top and bottom surface microhardness were evaluated with a Micro Hardness Tester in knoop hardness numbers (Kg/mm2). Data were statistically analyzed using: Three-way ANOVA, Tukey and Pearsons test. Results: It was revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in microhardness between the composites (p < 0.001), between the nine distances (p < 0.001) and between the four light curing devices (p < 0.001). Increasing the distance of the light source from composite resin, the light intensity and the microhardness values at the top and bottom surface decrease. LED light curing devices produced a greater microhardness results at the bottom surface of the specimens. The Filtek Ultimate nanocomposite (3 m) showed highest microhardness values on the top and bottom surfaces, polymerized with all four curing devices and all nine distances compared to Empress Direct nano composite (Ivoclar vivadent). Clinical significant: Even with high power LED curing light, the distance between the tip of the light source and the restoration surface should be as close as possible. In this study, Filtek Ultimate showed better results (highest microhardness values) than Empress Direct.
