CRF:A Scheduling of Multi-Granularity Locks in Object-Oriented Database Systems

This paper introduces a multi-granularity locking model (MGL) for concurrency control in object-oriented database system briefiy, and presents a MGL model formally. Four lockingscheduling algorithms for MGL are proposed in the paper. The ideas of single queue scheduling(SQS) and dual queue scheduling (DQS) are proposed and the algorithm and the performance evaluation for these two scheduling are presented in some paper. This paper describes a new idea of thescheduling for MGL, compatible requests first (CRF). Combining the new idea with SQS and DQS,we propose two new scheduling algorithms called CRFS and CRFD. After describing the simulationmodel, this paper illustrates the comparisons of the performance among these four algorithms. Asshown in the experiments, DQS has better performance than SQS, CRFD is better than DQS, CRFSperforms better than SQS, and CRFS is the best one of these four scheduling algorithms.

Partitioned k-Exclusion Real-Time Locking Protocol Motivated by Multicore Multi-GPU Systems

Graphic processing units （GPUs） have been widely recognized as cost-efficient co-processors with acceptable size, weight, and power consumption. However, adopting GPUs in real-time systems is still challenging, due to the lack in framework for real-time analysis. In order to guarantee real-time requirements while maintaining system utilization ~in modern heterogeneous systems, such as multicore multi-GPU systems, a novel suspension-based k-exclusion real-time locking protocol and the associated suspension-aware schedulability analysis are proposed. The proposed protocol provides a synchronization framework that enables multiple GPUs to be efficiently integrated in multicore real-time systems. Comparative evaluations show that the proposed methods improve upon the existing work in terms of schedulability.

Development of a Low-cost Hardware-in-the-loop Simulation System as a Test Bench for Anti-lock Braking System

Nowadays validation of anti-lock braking systems（ABS） relies mainly on a large amount of road tests.An alternative means with higher efficiency is employing the hardware-in-the-loop simulation（HILS） system to substitute part of road tests for designing,testing,and tuning electronic control units（ECUs） of ABS.Most HILS systems for ABS use expensive digital signal processor hardware and special purpose software,and some fail-safe functions with regard to wheel speeds cannot be evaluated since artificial wheel speed signals are usually provided.In this paper,a low-cost ABS HILS test bench is developed and used for validating the anti-lock braking performance and tuning control parameters of ABS controllers.Another important merit of the proposed test bench is that it can comprehensively evaluate the fail-safe functions with regard to wheel speed signals since real tone rings and sensors are integrated in the bench.A 5-DOF vehicle model with consideration of longitudinal load transfer is used to calculate tire forces,wheel speeds and vehicle speed.Each of the four real-time wheel speed signal generators consists of a servo motor plus a ring gear,which has sufficient dynamic response ability to emulate the rapid changes of the wheel speeds under strict braking conditions of very slippery roads.The simulation of braking tests under different road adhesion coefficients using the HILS test bench is run,and results show that it can evaluate the anti-lock braking performance of ABS and partly the fail-safe functions.This HILS system can also be used in such applications as durability test,benchmarking and comparison between different ECUs.The test bench developed not only has a relatively low cost,but also can be used to validate the wheel speed-related ECU design and all its fail-safe functions,and a rapid testing and proving platform with a high efficiency for research and development of the automotive ABS is therefore provided.

New Method of Road Surface Identification in Anti-Lock Braking System

Based on the vehicle-road dynamic model, the road characteristic parameter, which depends on different types of road surfaces, is introduced and a new method of road surface identification for automotive anti-lock braking system (ABS) is proposed. According to the characteristics of vehicle-road dynamic model, a simple math resolution method of the model's factors is established. Only using the information of wheel speed, the vehicle reference velocity and the wheel slip ratio are estimated real-timely. And based on the wheel dynamic model, the road characteristic parameter is determined to identify the road surface for the determination of thresholds of ABS regulative parameters. With this new method, the road surface identification can be accurately obtained and calculation time is short that it can meet the ABS real time control need, and it also improves the performance of ABS.

The Development of a Fuzzy Predictive Control System for Automotive Anti-lock Braking System

This paper presents the model of one-tire kinetics、tires、the braking system and the model of control system.On virtual road,this paper builds a fuzzy predictive control system to insure the best attachment coefficient between tires and road. And it turns out to be that this fuzzy predictive control method has achieved good performances.

MICROPROCESSOR BASED PHASELOCKED LOOP SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM FOR AC MOTOR

In this paper the authors present an analysis and the implementation of microprocessor-baseddigital phase-locked loop speed control system for an induction motor which is actuated by aSPWM-GTR inverter.The system is controlled by a 16-bit single chip microprocessor.A new type of frequency and phase detector is presented in detail,An adaptive method isadopted in speed controller.A three mode control scheme is used.These techniques are very use-ful to the improvement of the dynamic behavior of digital AC motor drive system.Experimental results show that the system is of good stability,high precision and good dynam-ic performance.

颈前路减压融合ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统治疗退行性颈椎病的Meta分析

目的:颈前路减压融合术是治疗退行性颈椎病的经典手术方式,钉板的使用增加了融合率及稳定性的同时,间接导致了邻近椎体退变和术后吞咽困难的发生。文章通过Meta分析方法比较ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统和传统融合器联合钉板内固定治疗退行性颈椎病患者的临床结果和并发症情况,为颈前路减压融合术中内固定方式的选择提供循证学支持。方法:检索中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science和Embase数据库,检索关于颈前路减压融合术中应用ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统与融合器联合钉板内固定治疗退行性颈椎病的中英文文献。检索时间范围为各数据库建库至2023年7月。由2名研究者严格按照纳入与排除标准选择文献,采用Cochrane偏倚风险工具对随机对照试验进行质量评价,NOS量表对队列研究进行质量评价。采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结局指标包括手术时间、术中出血量、日本骨科协会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores,JOA)评分、颈椎功能障碍指数、C_(2)-C_(7)Cobb角、融合率、邻近椎体退变发生率、融合器沉降率和吞咽困难发生率。结果:共纳入13项研究,其中回顾性队列研究11项,随机对照试验2项,共1136例患者,ROI-C组569例,融合器联合钉板组567例。Meta分析结果显示:ROI-C组与融合器联合钉板组在手术时间(MD=-15.52,95%CI:-18.62至-12.42,P<0.00001),术中出血量(MD=-24.53,95%CI:-32.46至-16.61,P<0.00001),术后邻近节段退变率(RR=0.40,95%CI:0.27-0.60,P<0.00001)和术后总吞咽困难发生率(RR=0.18,95%CI:0.13-0.26,P<0.00001)均具有显著性差异。两者在术后JOA评分、颈椎功能障碍指数、C_(2)-C_(7)Cobb角、融合率和融合器沉降率方面无显著性差异(P≥0.05)。结论:在颈椎前路减压融合术中应用ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统与传统融合器联合钉板内固定治疗退行性颈椎病均可达到满意的临床效果,ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统操作更加简单,相比融合器联合钉板内固定能明显减少手术时间及术中出血量,在减少术后吞咽困难及邻近节段退变发生率等方面具有明显优势,对于跳跃型颈椎病及邻椎病翻修患者,更加推荐使用ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统。但鉴于其可能存在较高的沉降率,对于多节段且合并融合器沉降高危因素如骨质疏松、椎体终板破损的退行性颈椎病患者,仍建议使用融合器联合钉板内固定。

一种采用Lock-Free同步机制的数据结构的研究

随着多核芯片在嵌入式实时系统中的广泛应用,采用传统锁机制对共享数据的访问会引起死锁、优先级翻转以及CPU饥饿现象,进而会影响系统整体性能的发挥,严重时还会导致不可估量的损失发生.为此,针对Skiplist的共享数据结构提出了一种Lock-Free的同步机制方法,对该方法的线性一致性进行了证明,并将其应用于混合关键任务的共享优先级调度队列中.经过实验,该方法在吞吐量、核利用率以及平均响应时间方面优于传统的基于锁机制的方法,有效地提升了多核运行的效率.

基于“Lock-in”化学传递系统的脑靶向性前药研究进展

血脑屏障的存在,可使95%以上的药物不能有效地进入脑组织发挥作用.因此,基于提高血脑屏障透过能力,改善脑摄取特性的药物传递系统已经成为当前医药界最为关注的问题之一.自1958年Albert首次提出＂前药＂概念以来,前药修饰在提高口服药物生物利用度、改善组织分布、降低不良反应等方面均有着良好的应用,大约5%~7%的上市药物可以定义为前药.＂Lock-in＂化学传递系统是一种前药载体,能生成极性较大的中间体将药物＂Lock＂在脑内,从而可实现药物的脑靶向.本文综述了基于＂Lock-in＂化学传递系统的脑靶向性前药,包括二氢吡啶型、（酰氧基）烷基-磷酸酯型、硫胺素-二硫化物型等化学传递系统.

Visual System Simulator平台下锁相环综合分析与仿真

给出了基于VSS平台的锁相环仿真过程,并将其引入课堂教学和实验。同时给出了锁相环的仿真模型,构建了完整的锁相环系统,并给出了仿真波形与环路滤波器设计方法。实践证明,采用这种方式可以帮助学生对相关内容的理解,并为今后进行系统设计工作打下良好的基础。

Multi-Order Intermittent Chaotic Synchronization of Closed Phase Locked Loop

For the model of a Closed Phase Locked Loop (CPLL) communication System consists of both the transmission and receiver ends. This model is considered to be in a multi-order intermittent chaotic state. The chaotic signals are then synchronized along side with our system. This chaotic synchronization will be demonstrated and furthermore, a modulation will be formed to examine the system if it will perfectly reconstruct or not. Finally we will demonstrate the synchronization conditions of the system.

不同内固定系统在老年肱骨外科颈骨折中的应用对比

目的对比分析桥接组合式内固定系统(OBS)与肱骨近端内锁定系统(PHILOS)治疗老年肱骨外科颈骨折(HSNF)的临床效果。方法回顾性分析我院收治的80例老年HSNF患者的临床资料,根据手术方法不同将患者分为2组,其中30例采用OBS治疗的患者纳入OBS组,50例采用PHILOS治疗的患者纳入PHILOS组。比较2组患者手术情况、术后康复情况、血清骨代谢指标[骨钙素(OCN)、Ⅰ型前胶原氨基端前肽(PINP)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)]水平、骨痂评分、肩关节功能评分[Constant-Murley量表(CMS)评分、Neer评分]、并发症发生率。结果OBS组患者手术时间长于PHILOS组,骨折愈合时间短于PHILOS组(P<0.05);OBS组患者术后1个月、3个月血清OCN、PINP、ALP水平高于PHILOS组(P<0.05);OBS组患者术后1个月、2个月、3个月骨痂评分高于PHILOS组(P<0.05);OBS组患者术后1个月、3个月CMS、Neer评分高于PHILOS组(P<0.05);2组患者术后切口恢复良好,均为Ⅰ级愈合,无伤口感染、骨不连等并发症发生。结论与PHILOS比较,应用OBS治疗老年HSNF患者的近期临床效果更佳,且能促进骨折愈合。

壳牌长北保护储层钻井液技术经济探讨

随着全球能源需求的不断增长和常规油气资源的逐渐枯竭,非常规油气藏开发已成为石油工程领域的重要研究方向,低成本是实现有效开发的必要条件。因单井产量低,完井及压裂成本高,回收费用需时较长,只能不断改善学习曲线,力争达到技术和成本的最佳平衡,才能获得良好经济效益。长庆油田和壳牌合作的长北项目是全球油气勘探开发领域合作的典范工程,项目整体连续稳产15年,至今累计产气590.8×10^(8)m^(3)。其令人瞩目的丰硕成果是多方共同努力、多因素耦合的结果。文章以钻井液技术为切入点,分析了钻井液性能优化虽然造成钻井液每方成本的上升,但对项目总体成本控制和单井产量具有积极贡献,直观展示了技术学习曲线对经济效益的影响。通过分析长北项目1期“日费制”和2期“日费制+米费制”管理模式的优缺点,提出了非常规油气开发必须注重技术、成本、产量、管理相结合,按照项目全生命周期考量整体效益,注重储层保护。文章通过总结长北项目的成功,以期为非常规油气藏的开发提供借鉴。

股骨逆行髓内钉与微创内固定系统锁定钢板治疗骨质疏松性股骨远端骨折的临床疗效

目的探讨股骨逆行髓内钉与微创内固定系统(LISS)锁定钢板治疗骨质疏松性股骨远端骨折的临床效果。方法选取2015年7月至2021年7月北京市垂杨柳医院收治的49例骨质疏松性股骨远端骨折患者作为研究对象,根据不同内固定方法分为逆行髓内钉组(n=24)和LISS锁定钢板组(n=25)。逆行髓内钉组术中使用股骨逆行交锁髓内钉,LISS锁定钢板组术中使用LISS锁定钢板。比较两组手术相关指标、术后1年疗效、术后并发症发生率。结果逆行髓内钉组手术切口、手术时间、骨折愈合时间均短于LISS锁定钢板组,术中出血量少于LISS锁定钢板组,术中透视次数多于LISS锁定钢板组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后1年优良率、术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论逆行髓内钉及LISS锁定钢板治疗在治疗骨质疏松性股骨远端骨折患者疗效相当,但两种内固定方法各有利弊,临床医师可根据患者情况进行选择。

Improved PLL Tuning of Shunt Active Power Filter for Grid Connected Photo Voltaic Energy System

This research work brings out the unique predictive current control method for attaining an efficient grid connected Photo Voltaic (PV) system by Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) as grid connected converter. The major objective of the research work is to address the presence of Direct Current (DC) component, frequency improvement, quicker theta response, voltage magnitude estimation in the input signal of the Phase Locked Loop (PLL) which is challenging. This work focuses on tuning the PLL block (Kp, Ki, Kv and Ko) through Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) optimization algorithm. The proposed ABC based modified three-phase PLL method is based on adding a new loop inside the PLL structure. In power converters, ABC algorithm is used to select the optimal switching states. The voltage vector which minimizes a cost optimization function is selected. Simulation is carried out for both balanced and unbalanced system and the results validate that the performance of the proposed approach is better in terms of harmonic compensation as per the IEEE standards within ±5%, power factor improvement of the system, quicker theta tracking and suppression of frequency jump with the interconnection of PV system.

浅谈正畸临床矫治新技术——球托止动定位轻力5s系统

达成精确的转矩表达和稳定的支抗控制是正畸治疗的关键因素,患者在治疗过程中对口腔健康与矫治感受的重视程度日益增长,球面自锁托槽(球托)在一定程度上满足了这两个方面的需求。球面自锁托槽的球面结构可以降低因佩戴矫治器而引起口腔溃疡的概率,并能减少生物膜附着,降低牙龈和牙周疾病的发生概率。与方形托槽相比,球面自锁托槽的脱落率降低了95%。止动定位系统是球面自锁托槽的核心创新点,主要由螺纹系统、螺丝系统和弓丝系统组成。得益于止动定位系统,球面自锁托槽可以去除余隙角,精准表达转矩,使用止锁螺丝时可增强支抗稳定性。止动定位系统搭配了3种特制的细方丝(0.1524 mm×0.6350 mm、0.2032 mm×0.5842 mm、0.2540 mm×0.5588 mm),用轻力排齐的同时可以表达转矩,控制牙根。球托矫治器以黏膜刺激小、脱落率低、转矩表达精准、支抗保有率高、细方丝轻力矫治等特点引起了广泛关注。

融江麻石船闸改建工程输水系统水力学模型试验研究

针对麻石船闸改建工程闸室规模大、工作水头高、水力指标要求高等问题,通过建立比尺为1:25的整体水工物理模型,对船闸输水过程水力特性、船舶停泊条件、输水廊道压力特性、进出水口及引航道水流条件等展开研究。结果表明:通过在明沟内增设消力槛、增大廊道突扩体升坎转弯半径、增加进水口面积以及降低进水口高程等优化措施,在推荐的阀门运行方式下,各项水力指标均满足规范及设计要求,研究成果可为类似工程提供参考。

笏洲船闸输水系统水力学模型试验研究

笏洲船闸平面尺寸大、瞬时流量大、输水强度高,闸室内无消能工,闸室停泊条件有待检验,引航道采用非对称布置,易形成回流、斜流等水力学问题。通过比尺1:30的整体水工物理模型试验,对船闸输水过程水力特性、输水廊道压力特性、船舶停泊条件、进出水口及引航道水流条件等展开研究。结果表明,在闸室及出水口增设消力槛并优化其布置形式后,闸室内停泊条件和下游引航道通航水流条件明显改善。在推荐的阀门运行方式下,各项水力指标均满足规范及设计要求。研究成果可为类似工程提供参考。

车辆运行参数自适应软测量的防抱死控制研究

建立了一种将Sage-Husa噪声估计器与无迹卡尔曼滤波器有机的结合的软测量算法,通过自适应软测量算法对车速等车辆运行参数进行有效的测量,结合采用轮速传感器得到的易测量轮速信号,实时计算车辆防抱死系统的实际的滑移率,通过与理想路面滑移率比较,从而实现各轮缸压力的有效控制,避免了车轮的抱死。通过CARSIM/Simulink联合仿真实验表明:建立的自适应软测量算法可以实现车速的准确测量,并且在对开路面上可以有效抑制了制动过程中的车轮抱死,从而保证了车辆的制动稳定性。

水轮机组接力器锁锭系统改造优化设计分析

为解决传统水轮机组接力器锁锭系统存在的油液渗漏、操作不便、耗油量大、油缸上下腔窜油等问题,提出对现有结构采取以下措施进行整体改造优化设计:将控制阀组优化设计布置在油缸的上端盖上,采用通用型组合密封元件替代传统O形密封圈,并对油缸筒体、上缸盖、活塞杆进行了重新设计。设计改造完成后,系统结构更加紧凑,减少了管路数量,避开了对检修操作有妨碍的物体,方便设备的检修维护操作,同时降低了对环境造成污染的可能性,取得了较好的应用效果。