The Difficulties and Mechanism Innovation of Constructing China's Rural Multiplex Financial System

This paper expounds the necessity of constructing China's rural multiplex financial system as follows.First,overcome the bottleneck effect arising from the shortage of capital in the process of development of rural small and medium-sized enterprise,and increase farmers' income;second,provide capital support for rural modern industrial development,and promote rural economic development;third,rationally allocate capital,master the money flow and coordinate urban-rural development.The paper also profoundly analyzes the difficulties of constructing China's rural multiplex financial system as follows.First,the existing rural financial system structure is irrational and the function is unsound;second,non-governmental financial market is disorderly and the organization is unsound;third,the rural financial system is simple and the overhaul of rural credit cooperatives system has not yet been done;fourth,the construction of rural system of financial laws and regulations is laggard,and the construction of rural multiplex financial system lacks good social environment.The specific thoughts,measures and countermeasures of constructing mechanism innovation of China's rural multiplex financial system are put forward as follows.First,increasingly perfect legal system and provide legal support for constructing China's rural multiplex financial system;second,quicken the overhaul of rural credit cooperatives system and perfect its function in China's rural multiplex financial system;third,strengthen the degree of support and development,and change the situation of simple structure of rural financial system;fourth,reinforce administrative supervision and perfect public services,and standardize the rural financial market order.

A Study on the Factors Influencing the Income Gap between Urban and Rural Areas Based on State-space Model

The increasingly widening income gap between urban and rural areas is affected by many factors. Using the stepwise regression analysis,we find that urbanization level,socio-economic development,education level,financial development scale and financial development efficiency have the greatest impact on the income gap between urban and rural areas. By cointegration test,it is found that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between these five variables and the income gap between urban and rural areas. We build the state-space model to research the dynamic impact of these factors on the income gap between urban and rural areas. The results show that by improving the level of urbanization,we can effectively narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas,while socio-economic development,the improvement of education level,expansion of financial development scale and financial development efficiency all significantly expand the income gap between urban and rural areas.

The Problems of Coordinating Urban-rural Development of Chongqing City and Corresponding Measures of Financial System

The thesis researches urban-rural coordination which is incorporated into the framework of "agriculture,rural areas and farmers",and it focuses on farmers' human resources development,agricultural industrial adjustment,rural regional coordinated development and so on.The main problems existing in the process of coordinating urban-rural development of Chongqing City are discussed under the foregoing framework.We find that input and flow direction of capital deviating from "agriculture,rural areas and farmers" is the direct cause of insufficient rural educational input,insufficient agricultural input,and irrational rural input,while the fundamental reason lies in the irrational financial policy.Based on this,the measures of innovating upon financial policy and financial system are put forward.

Financial Poverty Alleviation in Rural Areas of Hubei Province

In order to find out the various restrictions and difficulties of financial poverty alleviation in rural areas,taking Hubei Province as an example,this paper firstly introduced current situations of financial poverty alleviation in rural areas of Hubei Province. Then,it analyzed problems confronted by financial poverty alleviation in rural areas of Hubei Province:( i) subjects of financial poverty alleviation not mature and poverty alleviation risks increased,( ii) backward agricultural insurance system,( iii) rural credit system not perfect,and( iv) weak guiding policies of financial poverty alleviation. Finally,it came up with pertinent recommendations: improving rural financial environment,actively developing the innovation mode of financial poverty alleviation,and strengthening relevant supervision efforts.

Economic and Financial Structural Adjustment at Village Level: A Case Study of Rural Areas in Guizhou Province

Village-level economy is not only the important foundation for promoting grass-roots agricultural and rural modernization, but also an essential guarantee for sustainable development of small scale economy of rural farmer households. Research on this field will play a significant role in rural economic development of Guizhou Province. Taking the observation data from 1999 to 2009 in 10 fixed observation villages in Guizhou Province, we carried out empirical survey and analysis on land scale and use structure, scale and composition of fixed assets for production, level and composition of operational income, and level and composition of financial revenue and expenditure at village level. Finally, we put forward conclusions and recommendations.

County financial ecology and the development of new socialist countryside in China

The new rural construction will involve many fields, such as the upgrade of the industrial structure of agriculture, the impravement of the efficiency in the use of agricultural resources, the increase of farmers＇ income, maintaining sustainable agricultural development, and strengthening the construction of agricultural service system and circulation system.Finance, as the core of modem economy, should serve the new rural construction. However, there are many problems about the financial system in the rural area for a long time. So it is vital to build a good county financial eco-environment to promote the development of county financial systems and give full scope to the supporting function of finance. Only when we solve the problems in rural financial ecology and make clear the government ＇s fanction and activities, the county financial environment can function and be improved. Based on the reality of county economic development and starting from the connotation of county financial ecology, this paper analyzes the status quo of county financial eco-environment, especially the significance of optimizing the county financial eco-environment under the macroscopic background that the country proposed the socialist new rural reconstruction, and proposes the opinions and suggestions to construct and the maintain county financial eco-environment.

农村扩中群体的家庭财务报表识别机制研究:基于浙江共同富裕先行示范区的实践探索

基于家庭财务报表构建扩中群体识别机制对提高财政支持政策的精准性、加快实现共同富裕具有重要意义。在厘清浙江省现有扩中群体识别机制构建取得的进展与存在的不足的基础上,梳理农业经营主体家庭财务报表的编制探索、应用进展及对扩中群体识别的启示,进而提出基于家庭财务报表改进扩中群体识别指标的思路和完善识别机制的建议。分析表明,现有实践从财产、社保、职业、收入等维度构建相对富裕群体的识别指标体系并运用排除法锁定扩中群体有其合理性和推广价值,但还面临标准设置权威性与精准性欠佳、指标选取不足、缺乏动态修正机制等挑战。浙江省农业融资担保有限公司探索编制了农业经营主体家庭财务报表,对完善扩中群体识别机制产生有益启发。基于家庭财务报表识别扩中群体存在关键收入与支出数据缺乏、资产价值评估标准难统一、线下数据采集质量不高、数据动态更新与共享机制滞后等不足。鉴于此,从排除法指标调整、修正类指标补充和直接类指标拣选3个方面提出改进扩中群体识别的可能思路,并从完善农村家庭财务报表设计、改进家庭结构画像和经济画像规则、强化数字化支撑、完善配套支撑机制等方面提出政策建议。

20世纪30年代江苏农村金融困境与私营银行的参与

20世纪30年代,江苏农村面临着金融枯竭的困境,表现为资金外流、负债普遍以及高利贷盛行。金融助农成为当务之急,部分私营商业银行也参与到江苏农村的金融救济之中,其中,上海商业储蓄银行很具代表性。该行不仅成立了农业贷款部,还与江苏地方政府合作成立农民抵押贷款所,通过信用合作社、农仓以及产销合作社发放农贷,提供相对较低的利率,对缓解农村资金压力具有一定的积极性。但是从根本上看,私营银行进行农贷的本质是为剩余资金寻找出路,因而其在调剂金融方面又存在明显的局限性。

乡村振兴视角下数字普惠金融助力农业经济发展的对策探究

数字普惠金融对我国乡村振兴战略实施有着重要意义,乡村振兴战略实施需要大量资金支持,但农村传统金融服务普遍存在准入门槛高、服务效率低等问题,迫切需要农村地区尽快推动金融服务升级。数字普惠金融在提高农业经营主体融资效率、促进农业经济转型、提高农业发展质量方面具有至关重要的作用。因此,针对当前农业农村现代化发展对金融服务的需求,应加强信息基础设施建设,依托大数据平台,全面构建农村数字化普惠金融体系,完善金融风险补偿机制,为乡村振兴战略的顺利实施提供有力的金融支持。

数字普惠金融、财政补贴与农民农村共同富裕

文章基于2011—2021年中国30个省份的面板数据,采用基于固定效应的面板数据模型和调节效应模型探究数字普惠金融对农民农村共同富裕的影响及财政补贴的调节效应。研究结果表明,数字普惠金融可以赋能农民农村共同富裕,但这种赋能作用存在区域异质性,具体表现为,相较于中部和西部地区及北方地区,在东部地区与南方地区,数字普惠金融对农民农村共同富裕的赋能作用更强。调节效应检验结果表明,财政补贴在数字普惠金融赋能农民农村共同富裕的过程中发挥着正向调节作用。

乡村振兴视域下农业农村人才培养困境与对策研究

我国正经历着由城市向乡村的人口流动趋势逆转、农村经济社会结构调整和新型城乡关系建构等多重转型。农业农村人才培养是推动乡村振兴战略的基础,因而培养和引进优秀人才尤为重要。面对当前农业农村人才培养的困境,政府、教育机构、企业三方应形成合力,从完善课程建设、加大资金支持、完善人才管理机制等方面入手,同时深入研究农业现代化、农村产业结构升级、乡村治理现代化等方面的人才需求,以精准培养和引进符合乡村振兴要求的专业人才。

农村数字普惠金融促进乡村振兴的作用机制与优化路径

农村数字普惠金融作为新时代金融机构下沉农村市场、支持“三农”发展的重要手段,是信息时代互联网与普惠金融深度融合的产物,也是促进乡村振兴的重要力量。从促进逻辑来看,农村数字普惠金融可从推动乡村产业兴旺、助力乡村生态宜居环境构建、实现乡村乡风文明、促进乡村有效治理和提升乡村生活富裕水平等路径为乡村振兴注入充沛活力。但在具体的实践中,仍面临基础设施建设不足、农村居民金融素养不高、征信监管体系不完善等现实难题。因此,未来发展路径应从切实加强农村数字普惠金融基础设施建设、有效提升农村居民数字普惠金融素养、加快农村数字普惠金融相关法律法规和监管体系建设等方面入手,以农村数字普惠金融服务普及化、素养全员化、发展制度化为旨趣,更好地发挥农村数字普惠金融促进乡村振兴的应然作用。

数字普惠金融影响安徽城乡共同富裕的效应研究

本文结合数字普惠金融与安徽省城乡共同富裕基本理论,基于2011—2021年安徽省数字普惠金融指数及16市相关经济发展指标,对数字普惠金融影响安徽省城乡共同富裕的效应进行检验和实证分析。结果表明:数字普惠金融通过城乡居民收入提高和缩小城乡居民收入差距显著促进了安徽省城乡间的共同富裕,数字基础设施建设的完善对减贫效果具有积极的促进作用,相关部门应夯实数字普惠金融基础设施建设,积极提高乡村居民金融素养,早日实现安徽省城乡共同富裕。

数字金融发展、经济双循环与农民农村共同富裕

以2011—2022年中国265个地级及以上城市数据为基础,借助计量模型深入探究数字金融发展对农民农村共同富裕的影响,并考察经济双循环的机制作用。基准回归结果显示,数字金融发展能够显著促进农民农村共同富裕。机制检验结果表明,数字金融发展可通过经济双循环间接促进农民农村共同富裕。异质性分析结果证明,数字金融发展对农民农村共同富裕的促进作用在高城镇化水平地区更为显著。鉴于此,提出持续推动数字金融供给侧结构性改革、积极发挥经济内循环与外循环赋能效应、因地制宜助力数字金融发展等相关建议,以期为推进农民农村共同富裕提供借鉴。

化解村镇银行风险的途径研究

随着我国乡村振兴工作的持续推进以及金融体系改革的不断深化,国家越来越重视农村金融的发展。村镇银行在一定程度上解决了我国“三农”发展资金不足的问题,有效地增加了农村地区的金融支持力度。然而由于规模小、实力弱、认可度较低等原因,导致其风险增加。文章首先分析了村镇银行风险产生的具体原因,之后提出了提高准入门槛加强监管、完善市场化方式退出机制、稳步推进村镇银行的结构性重组以化解村镇银行风险的措施,最后分析了在化解村镇银行风险时应注意解决的四个问题。

关于农村中小金融机构内部控制的强化路径探寻

在当今时代,随着全球经济一体化深入发展和国内市场经济体制不断完善,农村金融市场成为支撑国家经济发展的重要力量。农村中小金融机构在推动农业现代化、促进农村经济发展、加速农村社会进步等方面扮演着关键角色,为广大农村地区提供了金融服务,改善了农民生活质量,加快了农村经济的转型升级。然而,随着服务范围不断扩大和业务领域不断深入,农村中小金融机构也面临着严峻的内部控制挑战。金融风险的防控、法规合规的确保,以及内部管理的有效性等问题,愈发显得重要且紧迫。

数字普惠金融对农村收入差距的影响

文章利用2011—2020年中国31个省份的面板数据,以及衡量中国农村收入差距的基尼系数,探讨了数字普惠金融对农村内部收入差距的影响。研究结果表明:从整体上看,数字普惠金融具有缩小农村内部收入差距的显著潜力;从单一维度来看,数字普惠金融的覆盖广度指数和使用深度指数都具有显著缩小农村内部收入差距的能力;此外,政府支农支出和城镇化水平对缩小农村内部收入差距也有趋同作用。要有效缩小农村内部收入差距,不仅要重视数字普惠金融的发展,还要考虑其他因素的影响。

数字普惠金融与传统农村金融:溢出效应抑或挤出效应

数字普惠金融作为一种新兴业态,对传统金融机构经营发展产生了技术溢出和市场挤出两种截然相反的效应。因此,数字普惠金融是否有助于促进正规金融服务下沉,从而有效缓解传统农村金融约束,值得我们关注和思考。本文从传统信贷支农的角度出发,使用2012—2019年31个省(自治区、直辖市)涉农贷款数据,对数字普惠金融与传统农村金融之间的关系进行了实证检验。研究表明:数字普惠金融会显著促进涉农贷款增长,从而缓解“三农”融资约束,特别是在经济欠发达地区,此种效果更为明显;分维度看,数字普惠金融主要通过使用深度这一维度对传统农村金融产生影响,其次是覆盖广度;分主体看,数字普惠金融与传统金融机构农户贷款之间无显著关系,与农村企业和各类组织贷款微相关,而对城市涉农贷款具有明显的促进作用,说明当前数字普惠金融的发展过程中仍存在明显的数字排斥问题,传统金融机构的业务下沉力度有待进一步提高;进一步研究发现,人口老龄化程度会弱化数字普惠金融对传统农村金融的正向作用。

农地经营权流转、金融支农与农村居民收入

农地经营权流转有助于增加农村金融供给,推动乡村振兴。从金融支农视角探讨农地经营权流转对农村居民收入的作用与影响机制具有重要意义。基于2005—2020年我国30个省份(未含中国香港、中国澳门、中国台湾、西藏地区)的面板数据,利用地理邻接关系空间权重矩阵构建SDM模型,定量分析农地经营权流转对农村居民收入的直接效应及其空间溢出效应,并从金融支农视角探讨农地经营权流转对农村居民收入的影响机制。研究发现,农地经营权流转有助于提高农村居民收入,且这种作用在农业生产效率高的地区更明显;农地经营权流转对农村居民收入的影响具有空间溢出效应,本地农地经营权流转有助于相邻地区农村居民收入的提高;农地经营权流转主要通过凸显农地金融资本属性、加大金融支农力度来提高农村居民收入。因此,推进农地经营权流转不仅有助于直接提高农村居民收入,而且有助于通过加大金融支农力度间接提高农村居民收入,推进农地经营权流转、坚持和完善农村基本经营制度,是促进农地规模经营、培育新型经营主体、提高农村居民收入的必经之路。应优化农地经营权流转管理制度,为提高农村居民收入提供良好的制度保障;以劳动力自由流动为基础推动农地经营权流转,充分调动农民参与农地经营权流转的积极性;进一步提升金融资源配置效率与金融支农服务水平,提高农地经营权流转中的金融支农绩效。

金融赋能西部农业农村现代化与乡村振兴——学术研讨会综述

作为一个富有学术性、专业性和实践性的学术论坛,“金融赋能西部农业农村现代化与乡村振兴”学术研讨会于2023年9月7日至9日在中国农业银行陕西研修中心举行,来自国内150余位专家、学者及政府官员汇聚于此,围绕农村金融创新发展、数字普惠金融与乡村振兴、普惠金融与农户发展、增强农业发展韧性等四个方面深入探讨和交流了金融如何赋能西部农业农村现代化与乡村振兴。本届论坛的一致共识是:金融赋能是实现西部农业农村现代化与乡村振兴的关键政策工具,未来应持续推进金融制度、金融体系、金融产品创新,加快数字普惠金融发展,增强农业农村发展韧性,健全农村金融服务体系,为农业强国建设提供金融力量。