The possible configurations of pyrrole absorbed on a Si(100)surface have been investigated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure(NEXAFS)spectra.The C-1s XPS and NEXAFS s...The possible configurations of pyrrole absorbed on a Si(100)surface have been investigated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure(NEXAFS)spectra.The C-1s XPS and NEXAFS spectra of these adsorption configurations have been calculated by using the density functional theory(DFT)method and fullcore hole(FCH)approximation to investigate the relationship between the adsorption configurations and the spectra.The result shows that the XPS and NEXAFS spectra are structurally dependent on the configurations of pyrrole absorbed on the Si(100)surface.Compared with the XPS,the NEXAFS spectra are relatively sensitive to the adsorption configurations and can accurately identify them.The NEXAFS decomposition spectra produced by non-equivalent carbon atoms have also been calculated and show that the spectral features vary with the diverse types of carbon atoms and their structural environments.展开更多
Coal gasification fine slag(FS)is a typical solid waste generated in coal gasification.Its current disposal methods of stockpil-ing and landfilling have caused serious soil and ecological hazards.Separation recovery a...Coal gasification fine slag(FS)is a typical solid waste generated in coal gasification.Its current disposal methods of stockpil-ing and landfilling have caused serious soil and ecological hazards.Separation recovery and the high-value utilization of residual carbon(RC)in FS are the keys to realizing the win-win situation of the coal chemical industry in terms of economic and environmental benefits.The structural properties,such as pore,surface functional group,and microcrystalline structures,of RC in FS(FS-RC)not only affect the flotation recovery efficiency of FS-RC but also form the basis for the high-value utilization of FS-RC.In this paper,the characteristics of FS-RC in terms of pore structure,surface functional groups,and microcrystalline structure are sorted out in accordance with gasification type and FS particle size.The reasons for the formation of the special structural properties of FS-RC are analyzed,and their influence on the flotation separation and high-value utilization of FS-RC is summarized.Separation methods based on the pore structural characterist-ics of FS-RC,such as ultrasonic pretreatment-pore-blocking flotation and pore breaking-flocculation flotation,are proposed to be the key development technologies for improving FS-RC recovery in the future.The design of low-cost,low-dose collectors containing polar bonds based on the surface and microcrystalline structures of FS-RC is proposed to be an important breakthrough point for strengthening the flotation efficiency of FS-RC in the future.The high-value utilization of FS should be based on the physicochemical structural proper-ties of FS-RC and should focus on the environmental impact of hazardous elements and the recyclability of chemical waste liquid to es-tablish an environmentally friendly utilization method.This review is of great theoretical importance for the comprehensive understand-ing of the unique structural properties of FS-RC,the breakthrough of the technological bottleneck in the efficient flotation separation of FS,and the expansion of the field of the high value-added utilization of FS-RC.展开更多
The welded joints of 400 MPa ultra fine grained steel in manual arc welding were treated by mechanical surface hardening. Microstructure and mechanical properties of the treated joints were compared with those of the ...The welded joints of 400 MPa ultra fine grained steel in manual arc welding were treated by mechanical surface hardening. Microstructure and mechanical properties of the treated joints were compared with those of the untreated joints, based on which, primary study on the process and principle of mechanical surface hardening was carried out. The results shows that： Grain size of HAZ increases greatly and mechanical properties of welded joint decrease obviously compared with those of base martial, but grain size in the surface layer of HAZ can be refined （the grain size is about 100 nm or so） and mechanical properties of welded joints can be improved greatly by mechanical surface hardening.展开更多
Surface tension of molten IF steel containing Ti and contact angle between the liquid steel and solid alumina were measured with sessile droplet method under Ar gas atmosphere at 1500, 1575 and 1600°C. The result...Surface tension of molten IF steel containing Ti and contact angle between the liquid steel and solid alumina were measured with sessile droplet method under Ar gas atmosphere at 1500, 1575 and 1600°C. The results show that titanium decreases the surface tension of the molten IF steel and the contact angle. The interfacial tension between the molten IF steel containing Ti and solid alumina decreases with increase in titanium content. The work of adhesion between molten IF steel containing Ti and solid alumina decreases slightly at 1550°C, but increases at 1600°C with increasing titanium content. It can be deduced that fine bubbles and fine alumina inclusions are easily entrapped in solidifying interface for IF steel containing Ti.展开更多
In this work a new nanoscale surface marking technique,namely electron beam damage induced surface marking(EBDISM),is developed and tested for the first time on a fine-grained pure Mg surface.This technique utilizes f...In this work a new nanoscale surface marking technique,namely electron beam damage induced surface marking(EBDISM),is developed and tested for the first time on a fine-grained pure Mg surface.This technique utilizes focused high-energy electron beam of a scanning electron microscope to“burn”dense arrays of nano-scale grid patterns on the sample surface,and it is proved to be very effective for identifying and measuring localised deformation behaviours.However,the surface marking deposited by EBDISM is not permanent and it tends to deteriorate overtime.Cheap,easy to use and versatile,the EBDISM technique has a huge potential for quantitative measurement of strain field and nano-scale deformation analysis.展开更多
Surface sizing can improve the surface performances of paper. In this article we used surfacing sizing and ultra fine talcum powder to improve the quality of base paper. The results showed that the optimal formulation...Surface sizing can improve the surface performances of paper. In this article we used surfacing sizing and ultra fine talcum powder to improve the quality of base paper. The results showed that the optimal formulation is: sodium hexametaphosphate 0.4 parts, PC-01 25 parts and 100 parts ultra fine talcum powder. The solids content of coating is 18%. Surface sizing and low solids coating can improve brightness, opacity, IGT Pick resistance, and breaking length which were improved by 3.4%, 6.5%, 2.07m/sec and 700m separately than uncoated paper respectively. K and N ink absorption value was reduced from 62.1 to 34.6. The method can be used to produce base paper for art paper and ultra low weight coated paper (ULWC). It can reduce the cost of art paper.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant Nos.ZR2022MA025 and ZR2020MA077).
文摘The possible configurations of pyrrole absorbed on a Si(100)surface have been investigated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure(NEXAFS)spectra.The C-1s XPS and NEXAFS spectra of these adsorption configurations have been calculated by using the density functional theory(DFT)method and fullcore hole(FCH)approximation to investigate the relationship between the adsorption configurations and the spectra.The result shows that the XPS and NEXAFS spectra are structurally dependent on the configurations of pyrrole absorbed on the Si(100)surface.Compared with the XPS,the NEXAFS spectra are relatively sensitive to the adsorption configurations and can accurately identify them.The NEXAFS decomposition spectra produced by non-equivalent carbon atoms have also been calculated and show that the spectral features vary with the diverse types of carbon atoms and their structural environments.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52374279)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-YBGY-055).
文摘Coal gasification fine slag(FS)is a typical solid waste generated in coal gasification.Its current disposal methods of stockpil-ing and landfilling have caused serious soil and ecological hazards.Separation recovery and the high-value utilization of residual carbon(RC)in FS are the keys to realizing the win-win situation of the coal chemical industry in terms of economic and environmental benefits.The structural properties,such as pore,surface functional group,and microcrystalline structures,of RC in FS(FS-RC)not only affect the flotation recovery efficiency of FS-RC but also form the basis for the high-value utilization of FS-RC.In this paper,the characteristics of FS-RC in terms of pore structure,surface functional groups,and microcrystalline structure are sorted out in accordance with gasification type and FS particle size.The reasons for the formation of the special structural properties of FS-RC are analyzed,and their influence on the flotation separation and high-value utilization of FS-RC is summarized.Separation methods based on the pore structural characterist-ics of FS-RC,such as ultrasonic pretreatment-pore-blocking flotation and pore breaking-flocculation flotation,are proposed to be the key development technologies for improving FS-RC recovery in the future.The design of low-cost,low-dose collectors containing polar bonds based on the surface and microcrystalline structures of FS-RC is proposed to be an important breakthrough point for strengthening the flotation efficiency of FS-RC in the future.The high-value utilization of FS should be based on the physicochemical structural proper-ties of FS-RC and should focus on the environmental impact of hazardous elements and the recyclability of chemical waste liquid to es-tablish an environmentally friendly utilization method.This review is of great theoretical importance for the comprehensive understand-ing of the unique structural properties of FS-RC,the breakthrough of the technological bottleneck in the efficient flotation separation of FS,and the expansion of the field of the high value-added utilization of FS-RC.
文摘The welded joints of 400 MPa ultra fine grained steel in manual arc welding were treated by mechanical surface hardening. Microstructure and mechanical properties of the treated joints were compared with those of the untreated joints, based on which, primary study on the process and principle of mechanical surface hardening was carried out. The results shows that： Grain size of HAZ increases greatly and mechanical properties of welded joint decrease obviously compared with those of base martial, but grain size in the surface layer of HAZ can be refined （the grain size is about 100 nm or so） and mechanical properties of welded joints can be improved greatly by mechanical surface hardening.
文摘Surface tension of molten IF steel containing Ti and contact angle between the liquid steel and solid alumina were measured with sessile droplet method under Ar gas atmosphere at 1500, 1575 and 1600°C. The results show that titanium decreases the surface tension of the molten IF steel and the contact angle. The interfacial tension between the molten IF steel containing Ti and solid alumina decreases with increase in titanium content. The work of adhesion between molten IF steel containing Ti and solid alumina decreases slightly at 1550°C, but increases at 1600°C with increasing titanium content. It can be deduced that fine bubbles and fine alumina inclusions are easily entrapped in solidifying interface for IF steel containing Ti.
基金support from the Australian Research Council(LP180100048)Baosteel Company。
文摘In this work a new nanoscale surface marking technique,namely electron beam damage induced surface marking(EBDISM),is developed and tested for the first time on a fine-grained pure Mg surface.This technique utilizes focused high-energy electron beam of a scanning electron microscope to“burn”dense arrays of nano-scale grid patterns on the sample surface,and it is proved to be very effective for identifying and measuring localised deformation behaviours.However,the surface marking deposited by EBDISM is not permanent and it tends to deteriorate overtime.Cheap,easy to use and versatile,the EBDISM technique has a huge potential for quantitative measurement of strain field and nano-scale deformation analysis.
文摘Surface sizing can improve the surface performances of paper. In this article we used surfacing sizing and ultra fine talcum powder to improve the quality of base paper. The results showed that the optimal formulation is: sodium hexametaphosphate 0.4 parts, PC-01 25 parts and 100 parts ultra fine talcum powder. The solids content of coating is 18%. Surface sizing and low solids coating can improve brightness, opacity, IGT Pick resistance, and breaking length which were improved by 3.4%, 6.5%, 2.07m/sec and 700m separately than uncoated paper respectively. K and N ink absorption value was reduced from 62.1 to 34.6. The method can be used to produce base paper for art paper and ultra low weight coated paper (ULWC). It can reduce the cost of art paper.
