This study aimed to explore the performance of the perceptual-visuomotor skills and the production of handwriting in children with Learning Disabilities.A total of 56 children participated,being a convenience sample,o...This study aimed to explore the performance of the perceptual-visuomotor skills and the production of handwriting in children with Learning Disabilities.A total of 56 children participated,being a convenience sample,of both sexes,average age of eight years old,from 3rd to 5th grade level of Elementary School.The children were divided into the following groups:GI(28 children diagnosed with Learning Disabilities);GII(28 children with good academic performance,paired with GI in relation to chronological age and sex).They were evaluated individually in dysgraphic scale,visual perception development test,and fine motor evaluation.Data analysis was performed.There was a significant difference between GI and GII for the subtests of eye-hand coordination,copying,visual closure,fine motor precision,and fine manual control tests.They had difference between the groups for handwriting performance in descending and/or ascending subtests,irregularity of dimension,poor forms,and total score of Dysgraphia Scale.The results presented in this study indicate that children with Learning Disabilities can manifest significant visomotor impairment and deficit in legibility and handwriting quality,causing failures in the elaboration of sensorimotor plans that,added to the intrinsic deficit of long-term memory,result in persistent academic difficulties.展开更多
精细动作技能(fine motor skills,FMS)是动作技能发展不可或缺的重要组成部分,也是个体其他领域发展的重要基础。面对FMS名称、概念表达不一和分类不清晰等问题,研究采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法,借助CiteSpaceⅢ软件分析国内外在FMS领...精细动作技能(fine motor skills,FMS)是动作技能发展不可或缺的重要组成部分,也是个体其他领域发展的重要基础。面对FMS名称、概念表达不一和分类不清晰等问题,研究采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法,借助CiteSpaceⅢ软件分析国内外在FMS领域最有影响力的作者及其研究成果,并对国内外认可度较高的FMS测评工具中采用的手段进行编码和归纳。分别从内在机制和外在形式两个维度解析FMS的内涵和外延,以期推动儿童FMS理论与实践的研究,促进动作技能和人的全面发展发挥重要作用,并为后续制定科学化的FMS测评工具提供参考。展开更多
AIM:To investigate predictors of incident stroke in a large epidemiological sample of cognitively healthy individuals in their early 60's.METHODS:Cardiovascular(systolic and diastolic blood pressure, hypertension ...AIM:To investigate predictors of incident stroke in a large epidemiological sample of cognitively healthy individuals in their early 60's.METHODS:Cardiovascular(systolic and diastolic blood pressure, hypertension status and medication, body mass index, lung forced vital capacity), lifestyle(alcohol intake, smoking, physical activity), mental health(anxiety and depression status, medication and symptomatology), cognition(executive function, processing speed, working memory, sensorimotor skills), and personality measures(behavioural inhibition and activation, positive and negative affect, neuroticism, psychoticism, extraversion) were investigated as predictors of incident stroke in 1774 participants from the Personality and Total Health Through Life Project over an 8-year follow-up.Logistic regression analyses controlled for age, gender, and education were conducted in the whole cohort as well as in case-control subanalyses including precisely matched controls to identify factors associated with stroke incidence.RESULTS:The cohort selected had a mean age of 62.5 years(SD = 1.5) and was 48.6% female with an average of 14.1 years of education(SD = 2.6).When 28 individuals with incident stroke were compared to 1746 cognitively healthy individuals in multivariate logistic regression analyses the only significant predictors of stroke across the five domains considered(cardiovascular, lifestyle, mental health, cognition, personality) and after controlling for gender, age, and education were systolic blood pressure(per unit above 140 mm Hg:OR = 1.04, 95%CI:1.01-1.07, P = 0.002), smoking(trend OR = 2.28, 95%CI:0.99-5.24, P = 0.052), and sensorimotor skills(purdue pegboard:OR = 0.80, 95%CI:0.62-0.96, P = 0.037).Similarly, in matched-control analyses significant group differences were found for systolic blood pressure(P = 0.001), smoking(P = 0.036), and sensorimotor skills(P = 0.028).CONCLUSION:Identified predictors of incident stroke in community-living individuals included high systolic blood pressure and smoking- but also, sensorimotor performance, a measure which has not yet been reported in the literature.展开更多
文摘This study aimed to explore the performance of the perceptual-visuomotor skills and the production of handwriting in children with Learning Disabilities.A total of 56 children participated,being a convenience sample,of both sexes,average age of eight years old,from 3rd to 5th grade level of Elementary School.The children were divided into the following groups:GI(28 children diagnosed with Learning Disabilities);GII(28 children with good academic performance,paired with GI in relation to chronological age and sex).They were evaluated individually in dysgraphic scale,visual perception development test,and fine motor evaluation.Data analysis was performed.There was a significant difference between GI and GII for the subtests of eye-hand coordination,copying,visual closure,fine motor precision,and fine manual control tests.They had difference between the groups for handwriting performance in descending and/or ascending subtests,irregularity of dimension,poor forms,and total score of Dysgraphia Scale.The results presented in this study indicate that children with Learning Disabilities can manifest significant visomotor impairment and deficit in legibility and handwriting quality,causing failures in the elaboration of sensorimotor plans that,added to the intrinsic deficit of long-term memory,result in persistent academic difficulties.
文摘精细动作技能(fine motor skills,FMS)是动作技能发展不可或缺的重要组成部分,也是个体其他领域发展的重要基础。面对FMS名称、概念表达不一和分类不清晰等问题,研究采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法,借助CiteSpaceⅢ软件分析国内外在FMS领域最有影响力的作者及其研究成果,并对国内外认可度较高的FMS测评工具中采用的手段进行编码和归纳。分别从内在机制和外在形式两个维度解析FMS的内涵和外延,以期推动儿童FMS理论与实践的研究,促进动作技能和人的全面发展发挥重要作用,并为后续制定科学化的FMS测评工具提供参考。
基金Supported by The Dementia Collaborative Research Centrethe Centre for Excellence in Ageing Research+7 种基金National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia,Nos.973302,179805,157125Australian Research Council,No.130101705funded by Australian Research Council Future Fellowship,No.120100227by an Alzheimer Australia Foundation Fellowshipby National Health and Medical Research Council Fellowship,No.1002560by Australian Research Council Future Fellowship,No.0992299the James S.Mc Donnell Foundation 21st Century Science Initiative in Cognitive Rehabilitation-Collaborative Award,No.220020413the Victorian Government’s Operational Infrastructure Support Program
文摘AIM:To investigate predictors of incident stroke in a large epidemiological sample of cognitively healthy individuals in their early 60's.METHODS:Cardiovascular(systolic and diastolic blood pressure, hypertension status and medication, body mass index, lung forced vital capacity), lifestyle(alcohol intake, smoking, physical activity), mental health(anxiety and depression status, medication and symptomatology), cognition(executive function, processing speed, working memory, sensorimotor skills), and personality measures(behavioural inhibition and activation, positive and negative affect, neuroticism, psychoticism, extraversion) were investigated as predictors of incident stroke in 1774 participants from the Personality and Total Health Through Life Project over an 8-year follow-up.Logistic regression analyses controlled for age, gender, and education were conducted in the whole cohort as well as in case-control subanalyses including precisely matched controls to identify factors associated with stroke incidence.RESULTS:The cohort selected had a mean age of 62.5 years(SD = 1.5) and was 48.6% female with an average of 14.1 years of education(SD = 2.6).When 28 individuals with incident stroke were compared to 1746 cognitively healthy individuals in multivariate logistic regression analyses the only significant predictors of stroke across the five domains considered(cardiovascular, lifestyle, mental health, cognition, personality) and after controlling for gender, age, and education were systolic blood pressure(per unit above 140 mm Hg:OR = 1.04, 95%CI:1.01-1.07, P = 0.002), smoking(trend OR = 2.28, 95%CI:0.99-5.24, P = 0.052), and sensorimotor skills(purdue pegboard:OR = 0.80, 95%CI:0.62-0.96, P = 0.037).Similarly, in matched-control analyses significant group differences were found for systolic blood pressure(P = 0.001), smoking(P = 0.036), and sensorimotor skills(P = 0.028).CONCLUSION:Identified predictors of incident stroke in community-living individuals included high systolic blood pressure and smoking- but also, sensorimotor performance, a measure which has not yet been reported in the literature.
