As the realm of enterprise-level conversational AI continues to evolve, it becomes evident that while generalized Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-3.5 bring remarkable capabilities, they also bring forth formidab...As the realm of enterprise-level conversational AI continues to evolve, it becomes evident that while generalized Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-3.5 bring remarkable capabilities, they also bring forth formidable challenges. These models, honed on vast and diverse datasets, have undoubtedly pushed the boundaries of natural language understanding and generation. However, they often stumble when faced with the intricate demands of nuanced enterprise applications. This research advocates for a strategic paradigm shift, urging enterprises to embrace a fine-tuning approach as a means to optimize conversational AI. While generalized LLMs are linguistic marvels, their inability to cater to the specific needs of businesses across various industries poses a critical challenge. This strategic shift involves empowering enterprises to seamlessly integrate their own datasets into LLMs, a process that extends beyond linguistic enhancement. The core concept of this approach centers on customization, enabling businesses to fine-tune the AI’s functionality to fit precisely within their unique business landscapes. By immersing the LLM in industry-specific documents, customer interaction records, internal reports, and regulatory guidelines, the AI transcends its generic capabilities to become a sophisticated conversational partner aligned with the intricacies of the enterprise’s domain. The transformative potential of this fine-tuning approach cannot be overstated. It enables a transition from a universal AI solution to a highly customizable tool. The AI evolves from being a linguistic powerhouse to a contextually aware, industry-savvy assistant. As a result, it not only responds with linguistic accuracy but also with depth, relevance, and resonance, significantly elevating user experiences and operational efficiency. In the subsequent sections, this paper delves into the intricacies of fine-tuning, exploring the multifaceted challenges and abundant opportunities it presents. It addresses the technical intricacies of data integration, ethical considerations surrounding data usage, and the broader implications for the future of enterprise AI. The journey embarked upon in this research holds the potential to redefine the role of conversational AI in enterprises, ushering in an era where AI becomes a dynamic, deeply relevant, and highly effective tool, empowering businesses to excel in an ever-evolving digital landscape.展开更多
Sentence classification is the process of categorizing a sentence based on the context of the sentence.Sentence categorization requires more semantic highlights than other tasks,such as dependence parsing,which requir...Sentence classification is the process of categorizing a sentence based on the context of the sentence.Sentence categorization requires more semantic highlights than other tasks,such as dependence parsing,which requires more syntactic elements.Most existing strategies focus on the general semantics of a conversation without involving the context of the sentence,recognizing the progress and comparing impacts.An ensemble pre-trained language model was taken up here to classify the conversation sentences from the conversation corpus.The conversational sentences are classified into four categories:information,question,directive,and commission.These classification label sequences are for analyzing the conversation progress and predicting the pecking order of the conversation.Ensemble of Bidirectional Encoder for Representation of Transformer(BERT),Robustly Optimized BERT pretraining Approach(RoBERTa),Generative Pre-Trained Transformer(GPT),DistilBERT and Generalized Autoregressive Pretraining for Language Understanding(XLNet)models are trained on conversation corpus with hyperparameters.Hyperparameter tuning approach is carried out for better performance on sentence classification.This Ensemble of Pre-trained Language Models with a Hyperparameter Tuning(EPLM-HT)system is trained on an annotated conversation dataset.The proposed approach outperformed compared to the base BERT,GPT,DistilBERT and XLNet transformer models.The proposed ensemble model with the fine-tuned parameters achieved an F1_score of 0.88.展开更多
The conflation of linguistic competencies with ideological and political educational paradigms presents unique opportunities and challenges for English language teaching(ELT)in our increasingly interconnected world.Th...The conflation of linguistic competencies with ideological and political educational paradigms presents unique opportunities and challenges for English language teaching(ELT)in our increasingly interconnected world.This research seeks to address the role of cross-cultural critical thinking within the landscape of English pedagogy,framed by the imperatives of ideological and political education.Employing a multi-method approach,including thematic content analysis and action research,the study proposes a pedagogical model designed to integrate transcultural discourse and ideologically reflective practices into the conventional ELT curriculum.This paper argues for a reimagined approach to teaching English that encourages students to engage with diverse cultural perspectives and develop a nuanced understanding of global issues.展开更多
The existing multi-objective wheel profile optimization methods mainly consist of three sub-modules:(1)wheel profile generation,(2)multi-body dynamics simulation,and(3)an optimization algorithm.For the first module,a ...The existing multi-objective wheel profile optimization methods mainly consist of three sub-modules:(1)wheel profile generation,(2)multi-body dynamics simulation,and(3)an optimization algorithm.For the first module,a comparably conservative rotary-scaling finetuning(RSFT)method,which introduces two design variables and an empirical formula,is proposed to fine-tune the traditional wheel profiles for improving their engineering applicability.For the second module,for the TRAXX locomotives serving on the Blankenburg–Rubeland line,an optimization function representing the relationship between the wheel profile and the wheel–rail wear number is established based on Kriging surrogate model(KSM).For the third module,a method combining the regression capability of KSM with the iterative computing power of particle swarm optimization(PSO)is proposed to quickly and reliably implement the task of optimizing wheel profiles.Finally,with the RSFT–KSM–PSO method,we propose two wear-resistant wheel profiles for the TRAXX locomotives serving on the Blankenburg–Rubeland line,namely S1002-S and S1002-M.The S1002-S profile minimizes the total wear number by 30%,while the S1002-M profile makes the wear distribution more uniform through a proper sacrifice of the tread wear number,and the total wear number is reduced by 21%.The quasi-static and hunting stability tests further demonstrate that the profile designed by the RSFT–KSM–PSO method is promising for practical engineering applications.展开更多
This paper develops a wheel profile fine-tuning system(WPFTS)that comprehensively considers the influence of wheel profile on wheel damage,vehicle stability,vehicle safety,and passenger comfort.WPFTS can recommend one...This paper develops a wheel profile fine-tuning system(WPFTS)that comprehensively considers the influence of wheel profile on wheel damage,vehicle stability,vehicle safety,and passenger comfort.WPFTS can recommend one or more optimized wheel profiles according to train operators’needs,e.g.,reducing wheel wear,mitigating the development of wheel out-of-roundness(OOR),improving the shape stability of the wheel profile.Specifically,WPFTS includes four modules:(I)a wheel profile generation module based on the rotary-scaling finetuning(RSFT)method;(II)a multi-objective generation module consisting of a rigid multi-body dynamics simulation(MBS)model,an analytical model,and a rigid–flexible MBS model,for generating 11 objectives related to wheel damage,vehicle stability,vehicle safety,and passenger comfort;(III)a weight assignment module consisting of an adaptive weight assignment strategy and a manual weight assignment strategy;and(IV)an optimization module based on radial basis function(RBF)and particle swarm optimization(PSO).Finally,three cases are introduced to show how WPTFS recommends a wheel profile according to train operators’needs.Among them,a wheel profile with high shape stability,a wheel profile for mitigating the development of wheel OOR,and a wheel profile considering hunting stability and derailment safety are developed,respectively.展开更多
From AlphaGo to ChatGPT,the field of AI has launched a series of remarkable achievements in recent years.Analyzing,comparing,and summarizing these achievements at the paradigm level is important for future AI innovati...From AlphaGo to ChatGPT,the field of AI has launched a series of remarkable achievements in recent years.Analyzing,comparing,and summarizing these achievements at the paradigm level is important for future AI innovation,but has not received sufficient attention.In this paper,we give an overview and perspective on machine learning paradigms.First,we propose a paradigm taxonomy with three levels and seven dimensions from a knowledge perspective.Accordingly,we give an overview on three basic and twelve extended learning paradigms,such as Ensemble Learning,Transfer Learning,etc.,with figures in unified style.We further analyze three advanced paradigms,i.e.,AlphaGo,AlphaFold and ChatGPT.Second,to enable more efficient and effective scientific discovery,we propose to build a new ecosystem that drives AI paradigm shifts through the decentralized science(DeSci)movement based on decentralized autonomous organization(DAO).To this end,we design the Hanoi framework,which integrates human factors,parallel intelligence based on a combination of artificial systems and the natural world,and the DAO to inspire AI innovations.展开更多
During cerebral cortical cortex neurogenesis two major types of progenitors generate a variety of morphologically and functionally diverse projection neurons destined for the different cortical layers in non-gyrified ...During cerebral cortical cortex neurogenesis two major types of progenitors generate a variety of morphologically and functionally diverse projection neurons destined for the different cortical layers in non-gyrified mice. Radial glia cells (RGCs) undergo mitosis in the cortical ventricular zone and exhibit an apical-basal cell polarity, whereas non-polar intermediate progenitor cells (IPCs) divide basally in the subventricular zone (Franco and Muller, 2013; Taverna et al., 2014).展开更多
Background: Sperm DNA fragmentation(sDF) has been proved to be an important parameter in order to predict in vitro the potential fertility of a semen sample. Colloid centrifugation could be a suitable technique to ...Background: Sperm DNA fragmentation(sDF) has been proved to be an important parameter in order to predict in vitro the potential fertility of a semen sample. Colloid centrifugation could be a suitable technique to select those donkey sperm more resistant to DNA fragmentation after thawing. Previous studies have shown that to elucidate the latent damage of the DNA molecule, sDF should be assessed dynamically, where the rate of fragmentation between treatments indicates how resistant the DNA is to iatrogenic damage. The rate of fragmentation is calculated using the slope of a linear regression equation. However, it has not been studied if s DF dynamics fit this model. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of different after-thawing centrifugation protocols on sperm DNA fragmentation and elucidate the most accurate mathematical model(linear regression, exponential or polynomial) for DNA fragmentation over time in frozen-thawed donkey semen.Results: After submitting post-thaw semen samples to no centrifugation(UDC), sperm washing(SW) or single layer centrifugation(SLC) protocols, sD F values after 6 h of incubation were significantly lower in SLC samples than in SW or UDC.Coefficient of determination(R-2) values were significantly higher for a second order polynomial model than for linear or exponential. The highest values for acceleration of fragmentation(aSDF) were obtained for SW, fol owed by SLC and UDC.Conclusion: SLC after thawing seems to preserve longer DNA longevity in comparison to UDC and SW. Moreover,the fine-tuning of models has shown that sDF dynamics in frozen-thawed donkey semen fit a second order polynomial model, which implies that fragmentation rate is not constant and fragmentation acceleration must be taken into account to elucidate hidden damage in the DNA molecule.展开更多
Chinese Vice Premier’s visit to Africa continues to emphasize the mutual cooperation,with a focus on agriculture FOR many years,the Chinese Government has dispatched the minister of foreign affairs to Africa for the ...Chinese Vice Premier’s visit to Africa continues to emphasize the mutual cooperation,with a focus on agriculture FOR many years,the Chinese Government has dispatched the minister of foreign affairs to Africa for the first official visit of a year.This year,however,that rule was broken when Hui Liangyu,Chinese Vice Premier,made the 14-day trip. On January 6-19,Hui paid official visits to Mauritius,Zambia,the Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC),Cameroon and Senegal,focusing on economic and agri-展开更多
An often unrecognized problem is the geology and glacial history paradigm’s inability to explain topographic map drainage system and erosional landform evidence, which means geology research studies rarely address th...An often unrecognized problem is the geology and glacial history paradigm’s inability to explain topographic map drainage system and erosional landform evidence, which means geology research studies rarely address that type of topographic map evidence. The problem originated in the late 19<sup>th</sup> century with William Morris Davis who is sometimes called the father of geomorphology and was one of the first geologists to interpret what in the late 19<sup>th</sup> century were newly available topographic maps. An 1889 Davis paper describes selected drainage system evidence observed on an advance copy of the 1890 Doylestown (Pennsylvania) topographic map and an 1892 Ward paper written after discussions with Davis describes additional selected drainage system evidence seen on the same map. Both papers fail to mention the majority of the Doylestown map’s drainage system features including most barbed tributaries, asymmetric drainage divides, and through (dry) valleys crossing major drainage divides. Had Davis used all of the map’s drainage system and erosional landform evidence he should have recognized the map evidence shows headward erosion of an east-oriented Neshaminy Creek valley captured southwest-oriented streams which headward erosion of the south-oriented Delaware River valley and its east-oriented tributary Tohickon Creek valley had beheaded. Consciously or unconsciously, Davis chose not to alert future investigators that Doylestown topographic map evidence did not support his yet-to-be-published Pennsylvania and New Jersey erosion history interpretations and instead Davis proceeded to develop and promote erosion history interpretations which the map evidence did not support.展开更多
In the 16th and 17th century,Britain was constantly strained by sporadic plagues,famines,fires and political conflicts.As a response in literature,Shakespeare has constructed an annular locomotion paradigm in Fletcher...In the 16th and 17th century,Britain was constantly strained by sporadic plagues,famines,fires and political conflicts.As a response in literature,Shakespeare has constructed an annular locomotion paradigm in Fletcher and his collaboration work Cardenio.Be more specific,the locomotion routes can be exemplified in Möbius strip,a rhizome system,a reciprocating juxtaposition between the foreground and the background,either of which finally runs to an annular schema.The annular in narration corresponds with The Globe theater and the round world.Shakespeare may express his expectation and prospect for the uprising bourgeoise and the newly found world by the resurrection theme in literature.展开更多
文摘As the realm of enterprise-level conversational AI continues to evolve, it becomes evident that while generalized Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-3.5 bring remarkable capabilities, they also bring forth formidable challenges. These models, honed on vast and diverse datasets, have undoubtedly pushed the boundaries of natural language understanding and generation. However, they often stumble when faced with the intricate demands of nuanced enterprise applications. This research advocates for a strategic paradigm shift, urging enterprises to embrace a fine-tuning approach as a means to optimize conversational AI. While generalized LLMs are linguistic marvels, their inability to cater to the specific needs of businesses across various industries poses a critical challenge. This strategic shift involves empowering enterprises to seamlessly integrate their own datasets into LLMs, a process that extends beyond linguistic enhancement. The core concept of this approach centers on customization, enabling businesses to fine-tune the AI’s functionality to fit precisely within their unique business landscapes. By immersing the LLM in industry-specific documents, customer interaction records, internal reports, and regulatory guidelines, the AI transcends its generic capabilities to become a sophisticated conversational partner aligned with the intricacies of the enterprise’s domain. The transformative potential of this fine-tuning approach cannot be overstated. It enables a transition from a universal AI solution to a highly customizable tool. The AI evolves from being a linguistic powerhouse to a contextually aware, industry-savvy assistant. As a result, it not only responds with linguistic accuracy but also with depth, relevance, and resonance, significantly elevating user experiences and operational efficiency. In the subsequent sections, this paper delves into the intricacies of fine-tuning, exploring the multifaceted challenges and abundant opportunities it presents. It addresses the technical intricacies of data integration, ethical considerations surrounding data usage, and the broader implications for the future of enterprise AI. The journey embarked upon in this research holds the potential to redefine the role of conversational AI in enterprises, ushering in an era where AI becomes a dynamic, deeply relevant, and highly effective tool, empowering businesses to excel in an ever-evolving digital landscape.
文摘Sentence classification is the process of categorizing a sentence based on the context of the sentence.Sentence categorization requires more semantic highlights than other tasks,such as dependence parsing,which requires more syntactic elements.Most existing strategies focus on the general semantics of a conversation without involving the context of the sentence,recognizing the progress and comparing impacts.An ensemble pre-trained language model was taken up here to classify the conversation sentences from the conversation corpus.The conversational sentences are classified into four categories:information,question,directive,and commission.These classification label sequences are for analyzing the conversation progress and predicting the pecking order of the conversation.Ensemble of Bidirectional Encoder for Representation of Transformer(BERT),Robustly Optimized BERT pretraining Approach(RoBERTa),Generative Pre-Trained Transformer(GPT),DistilBERT and Generalized Autoregressive Pretraining for Language Understanding(XLNet)models are trained on conversation corpus with hyperparameters.Hyperparameter tuning approach is carried out for better performance on sentence classification.This Ensemble of Pre-trained Language Models with a Hyperparameter Tuning(EPLM-HT)system is trained on an annotated conversation dataset.The proposed approach outperformed compared to the base BERT,GPT,DistilBERT and XLNet transformer models.The proposed ensemble model with the fine-tuned parameters achieved an F1_score of 0.88.
文摘The conflation of linguistic competencies with ideological and political educational paradigms presents unique opportunities and challenges for English language teaching(ELT)in our increasingly interconnected world.This research seeks to address the role of cross-cultural critical thinking within the landscape of English pedagogy,framed by the imperatives of ideological and political education.Employing a multi-method approach,including thematic content analysis and action research,the study proposes a pedagogical model designed to integrate transcultural discourse and ideologically reflective practices into the conventional ELT curriculum.This paper argues for a reimagined approach to teaching English that encourages students to engage with diverse cultural perspectives and develop a nuanced understanding of global issues.
基金the Assets4Rail Project which is funded by the Shift2Rail Joint Undertaking under the EU’s H2020 program(Grant No.826250)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Traction Power of Southwest Jiaotong University(Grant No.TPL2011)+1 种基金part of the experiment data concerning the railway line is supported by the DynoTRAIN Project,funded by European Commission(Grant No.234079)The first author is also supported by the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.201707000113).
文摘The existing multi-objective wheel profile optimization methods mainly consist of three sub-modules:(1)wheel profile generation,(2)multi-body dynamics simulation,and(3)an optimization algorithm.For the first module,a comparably conservative rotary-scaling finetuning(RSFT)method,which introduces two design variables and an empirical formula,is proposed to fine-tune the traditional wheel profiles for improving their engineering applicability.For the second module,for the TRAXX locomotives serving on the Blankenburg–Rubeland line,an optimization function representing the relationship between the wheel profile and the wheel–rail wear number is established based on Kriging surrogate model(KSM).For the third module,a method combining the regression capability of KSM with the iterative computing power of particle swarm optimization(PSO)is proposed to quickly and reliably implement the task of optimizing wheel profiles.Finally,with the RSFT–KSM–PSO method,we propose two wear-resistant wheel profiles for the TRAXX locomotives serving on the Blankenburg–Rubeland line,namely S1002-S and S1002-M.The S1002-S profile minimizes the total wear number by 30%,while the S1002-M profile makes the wear distribution more uniform through a proper sacrifice of the tread wear number,and the total wear number is reduced by 21%.The quasi-static and hunting stability tests further demonstrate that the profile designed by the RSFT–KSM–PSO method is promising for practical engineering applications.
基金This work was supported by China Scholarship Council(Grant No.201707000113).
文摘This paper develops a wheel profile fine-tuning system(WPFTS)that comprehensively considers the influence of wheel profile on wheel damage,vehicle stability,vehicle safety,and passenger comfort.WPFTS can recommend one or more optimized wheel profiles according to train operators’needs,e.g.,reducing wheel wear,mitigating the development of wheel out-of-roundness(OOR),improving the shape stability of the wheel profile.Specifically,WPFTS includes four modules:(I)a wheel profile generation module based on the rotary-scaling finetuning(RSFT)method;(II)a multi-objective generation module consisting of a rigid multi-body dynamics simulation(MBS)model,an analytical model,and a rigid–flexible MBS model,for generating 11 objectives related to wheel damage,vehicle stability,vehicle safety,and passenger comfort;(III)a weight assignment module consisting of an adaptive weight assignment strategy and a manual weight assignment strategy;and(IV)an optimization module based on radial basis function(RBF)and particle swarm optimization(PSO).Finally,three cases are introduced to show how WPTFS recommends a wheel profile according to train operators’needs.Among them,a wheel profile with high shape stability,a wheel profile for mitigating the development of wheel OOR,and a wheel profile considering hunting stability and derailment safety are developed,respectively.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB2104001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62271485,61903363,U1811463)Open Project of the State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems(20220117).
文摘From AlphaGo to ChatGPT,the field of AI has launched a series of remarkable achievements in recent years.Analyzing,comparing,and summarizing these achievements at the paradigm level is important for future AI innovation,but has not received sufficient attention.In this paper,we give an overview and perspective on machine learning paradigms.First,we propose a paradigm taxonomy with three levels and seven dimensions from a knowledge perspective.Accordingly,we give an overview on three basic and twelve extended learning paradigms,such as Ensemble Learning,Transfer Learning,etc.,with figures in unified style.We further analyze three advanced paradigms,i.e.,AlphaGo,AlphaFold and ChatGPT.Second,to enable more efficient and effective scientific discovery,we propose to build a new ecosystem that drives AI paradigm shifts through the decentralized science(DeSci)movement based on decentralized autonomous organization(DAO).To this end,we design the Hanoi framework,which integrates human factors,parallel intelligence based on a combination of artificial systems and the natural world,and the DAO to inspire AI innovations.
文摘During cerebral cortical cortex neurogenesis two major types of progenitors generate a variety of morphologically and functionally diverse projection neurons destined for the different cortical layers in non-gyrified mice. Radial glia cells (RGCs) undergo mitosis in the cortical ventricular zone and exhibit an apical-basal cell polarity, whereas non-polar intermediate progenitor cells (IPCs) divide basally in the subventricular zone (Franco and Muller, 2013; Taverna et al., 2014).
基金partially supported by grants RZ2009-00006-00-00(Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria,Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación,Spain)AGL-2013-42726-R(Secretaria de Estado de Investigacion,Desarrollo e Innovacion,Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad,Spain)+1 种基金supported by a Ph.D.fellowship from the ceiA3(Andalucia,Spain)with funding provided by Banco Santander through its Global Division,Santander Universidadesfunded by the Swedish Foundation for Equine Research,Stockholm,Sweden(H14-47-008)
文摘Background: Sperm DNA fragmentation(sDF) has been proved to be an important parameter in order to predict in vitro the potential fertility of a semen sample. Colloid centrifugation could be a suitable technique to select those donkey sperm more resistant to DNA fragmentation after thawing. Previous studies have shown that to elucidate the latent damage of the DNA molecule, sDF should be assessed dynamically, where the rate of fragmentation between treatments indicates how resistant the DNA is to iatrogenic damage. The rate of fragmentation is calculated using the slope of a linear regression equation. However, it has not been studied if s DF dynamics fit this model. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of different after-thawing centrifugation protocols on sperm DNA fragmentation and elucidate the most accurate mathematical model(linear regression, exponential or polynomial) for DNA fragmentation over time in frozen-thawed donkey semen.Results: After submitting post-thaw semen samples to no centrifugation(UDC), sperm washing(SW) or single layer centrifugation(SLC) protocols, sD F values after 6 h of incubation were significantly lower in SLC samples than in SW or UDC.Coefficient of determination(R-2) values were significantly higher for a second order polynomial model than for linear or exponential. The highest values for acceleration of fragmentation(aSDF) were obtained for SW, fol owed by SLC and UDC.Conclusion: SLC after thawing seems to preserve longer DNA longevity in comparison to UDC and SW. Moreover,the fine-tuning of models has shown that sDF dynamics in frozen-thawed donkey semen fit a second order polynomial model, which implies that fragmentation rate is not constant and fragmentation acceleration must be taken into account to elucidate hidden damage in the DNA molecule.
文摘Chinese Vice Premier’s visit to Africa continues to emphasize the mutual cooperation,with a focus on agriculture FOR many years,the Chinese Government has dispatched the minister of foreign affairs to Africa for the first official visit of a year.This year,however,that rule was broken when Hui Liangyu,Chinese Vice Premier,made the 14-day trip. On January 6-19,Hui paid official visits to Mauritius,Zambia,the Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC),Cameroon and Senegal,focusing on economic and agri-
文摘An often unrecognized problem is the geology and glacial history paradigm’s inability to explain topographic map drainage system and erosional landform evidence, which means geology research studies rarely address that type of topographic map evidence. The problem originated in the late 19<sup>th</sup> century with William Morris Davis who is sometimes called the father of geomorphology and was one of the first geologists to interpret what in the late 19<sup>th</sup> century were newly available topographic maps. An 1889 Davis paper describes selected drainage system evidence observed on an advance copy of the 1890 Doylestown (Pennsylvania) topographic map and an 1892 Ward paper written after discussions with Davis describes additional selected drainage system evidence seen on the same map. Both papers fail to mention the majority of the Doylestown map’s drainage system features including most barbed tributaries, asymmetric drainage divides, and through (dry) valleys crossing major drainage divides. Had Davis used all of the map’s drainage system and erosional landform evidence he should have recognized the map evidence shows headward erosion of an east-oriented Neshaminy Creek valley captured southwest-oriented streams which headward erosion of the south-oriented Delaware River valley and its east-oriented tributary Tohickon Creek valley had beheaded. Consciously or unconsciously, Davis chose not to alert future investigators that Doylestown topographic map evidence did not support his yet-to-be-published Pennsylvania and New Jersey erosion history interpretations and instead Davis proceeded to develop and promote erosion history interpretations which the map evidence did not support.
基金Chongqing Social Science Fund Project“The Ethical Topology of Shakespeare’s Histories”(2020WYZX07).
文摘In the 16th and 17th century,Britain was constantly strained by sporadic plagues,famines,fires and political conflicts.As a response in literature,Shakespeare has constructed an annular locomotion paradigm in Fletcher and his collaboration work Cardenio.Be more specific,the locomotion routes can be exemplified in Möbius strip,a rhizome system,a reciprocating juxtaposition between the foreground and the background,either of which finally runs to an annular schema.The annular in narration corresponds with The Globe theater and the round world.Shakespeare may express his expectation and prospect for the uprising bourgeoise and the newly found world by the resurrection theme in literature.