In the last decade, three dimensional discontin- uous deformation analyses (3D DDA) has attracted more and more attention of researchers and geotechnical engineers worldwide. The original DDA formulation utilizes a ...In the last decade, three dimensional discontin- uous deformation analyses (3D DDA) has attracted more and more attention of researchers and geotechnical engineers worldwide. The original DDA formulation utilizes a linear displacement function to describe the block movement and deformation, which would cause block expansion under rigid body rotation and thus limit its capability to model block de- formation. In this paper, 3D DDA is coupled with tetrahe- dron finite elements to tackle these two problems. Tetrahe- dron is the simplest in the 3D domain and makes it easy to implement automatic discretization, even for complex topol- ogy shape. Furthermore, element faces will remain planar and element edges will remain straight after deformation for tetrahedron finite elements and polyhedral contact detection schemes can be used directly. The matrices of equilibrium equations for this coupled method are given in detail and an effective contact searching algorithm is suggested. Valida- tion is conducted by comparing the results of the proposed coupled method with that of physical model tests using one of the most common failure modes, i.e., wedge failure. Most of the failure modes predicted by the coupled method agree with the physical model results except for 4 cases out of the total 65 cases. Finally, a complex rockslide example demon- strates the robustness and versatility of the coupled method.展开更多
This paper is concerned with establishing a reduced-order extrapolating fi- nite volume element (FVE) format based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) for two-dimensional (2D) hyperbolic equations. For this...This paper is concerned with establishing a reduced-order extrapolating fi- nite volume element (FVE) format based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) for two-dimensional (2D) hyperbolic equations. For this purpose, a semi discrete variational format relative time and a fully discrete FVE format for the 2D hyperbolic equations are built, and a set of snapshots from the very few FVE solutions are extracted on the first very short time interval. Then, the POD basis from the snapshots is formulated, and the reduced-order POD extrapolating FVE format containing very few degrees of freedom but holding sufficiently high accuracy is built. Next, the error estimates of the reduced-order solutions and the algorithm procedure for solving the reduced-order for- mat are furnished. Finally, a numerical example is shown to confirm the correctness of theoretical conclusions. This means that the format is efficient and feasible to solve the 2D hyperbolic equations.展开更多
A novel two-dimensional (2D) simulation method of positive corona current pulses is proposed. A control-volume- based finite element method (CV-FEM) is used to solve continuity equations, and the Galerkin finite e...A novel two-dimensional (2D) simulation method of positive corona current pulses is proposed. A control-volume- based finite element method (CV-FEM) is used to solve continuity equations, and the Galerkin finite element method (FEM) is used to solve Poisson's equation. In the proposed method, photoionization is considered by adopting an exact Helmholtz photoionization model. Furthermore, fully implicit discretization and variable time step are used to ensure the time-efficiency of the present method. Finally, the method is applied to a positive rod-plane corona problem. The numerical results are in agreement with the experimental results, and the validity of the proposed method is verified.展开更多
Discrete element method (DEM) is used to study the factors affecting agglomeration in three-dimensional copper particle systems during solid-state sintering. A new parameter is proposed to characterize agglomeration...Discrete element method (DEM) is used to study the factors affecting agglomeration in three-dimensional copper particle systems during solid-state sintering. A new parameter is proposed to characterize agglomeration. The effects of a series of factors are studied, including particle size, size distribution, inter-particle tangential viscosity, tem- perature, initial density and initial distribution of particles on agglomeration. We find that the systems with smaller particles, broader particle size distribution, smaller viscos- ity, higher sintering temperature and smaller initial density have stronger particle agglomeration and different distribu- tions of particles induce different agglomerations. This study should be very useful for understanding the phenomenon of agglomeration and the micro-structural evolution during sin- tering and guiding sintering routes to avoid detrimental ag- glomeration.展开更多
This paper presents the simulation of major mechanical properties of a flux reversal generator (FRG) viz., computational fluid dynamic (CFD), thermal, and vibration. A three-dimensional finite element analysis (...This paper presents the simulation of major mechanical properties of a flux reversal generator (FRG) viz., computational fluid dynamic (CFD), thermal, and vibration. A three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) based CFD technique for finding the spread of pressure and air velocity in air regions of the FRG is described. The results of CFD are mainly obtained to fine tune the thermal analysis. Thus, in this focus, a flow analysis assisted thermal analysis is presented to predict the steady state temperature distribution inside FRG. The heat transfer coefficient of all the heat producing inner walls of the machine are evaluated from CFD analysis, which forms the main factor for the prediction of accurate heat distribution. The vibration analysis is illustrated. Major vibration sources such as mechanical, magnetic and applied loads are covered elaborately which consists of a 3D modal analysis to find the natural frequency ofFRG, a 3D static stress analysis to predict the deformation of the stator, rotor and shaft for different speeds, and an unbalanced rotor harmonic analysis to find eccentricity of rotor to make sure that the vibration of the rotor is within the acceptable limits. Harmonic analysis such as sine sweep analysis to identify the range of speeds causing high vibrations and steady state vibration at a mode frequency of 1500 Hz is presented. The vibration analysis investi- gates the vibration of the FRG as a whole, which forms the contribution of this paper in the FRG literature.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Project of Chinese National Programs for Fundamental Research and Development(2010CB731502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(50978745)
文摘In the last decade, three dimensional discontin- uous deformation analyses (3D DDA) has attracted more and more attention of researchers and geotechnical engineers worldwide. The original DDA formulation utilizes a linear displacement function to describe the block movement and deformation, which would cause block expansion under rigid body rotation and thus limit its capability to model block de- formation. In this paper, 3D DDA is coupled with tetrahe- dron finite elements to tackle these two problems. Tetrahe- dron is the simplest in the 3D domain and makes it easy to implement automatic discretization, even for complex topol- ogy shape. Furthermore, element faces will remain planar and element edges will remain straight after deformation for tetrahedron finite elements and polyhedral contact detection schemes can be used directly. The matrices of equilibrium equations for this coupled method are given in detail and an effective contact searching algorithm is suggested. Valida- tion is conducted by comparing the results of the proposed coupled method with that of physical model tests using one of the most common failure modes, i.e., wedge failure. Most of the failure modes predicted by the coupled method agree with the physical model results except for 4 cases out of the total 65 cases. Finally, a complex rockslide example demon- strates the robustness and versatility of the coupled method.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11271127 and11671106)
文摘This paper is concerned with establishing a reduced-order extrapolating fi- nite volume element (FVE) format based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) for two-dimensional (2D) hyperbolic equations. For this purpose, a semi discrete variational format relative time and a fully discrete FVE format for the 2D hyperbolic equations are built, and a set of snapshots from the very few FVE solutions are extracted on the first very short time interval. Then, the POD basis from the snapshots is formulated, and the reduced-order POD extrapolating FVE format containing very few degrees of freedom but holding sufficiently high accuracy is built. Next, the error estimates of the reduced-order solutions and the algorithm procedure for solving the reduced-order for- mat are furnished. Finally, a numerical example is shown to confirm the correctness of theoretical conclusions. This means that the format is efficient and feasible to solve the 2D hyperbolic equations.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2011CB209402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51177041)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.12QX01)
文摘A novel two-dimensional (2D) simulation method of positive corona current pulses is proposed. A control-volume- based finite element method (CV-FEM) is used to solve continuity equations, and the Galerkin finite element method (FEM) is used to solve Poisson's equation. In the proposed method, photoionization is considered by adopting an exact Helmholtz photoionization model. Furthermore, fully implicit discretization and variable time step are used to ensure the time-efficiency of the present method. Finally, the method is applied to a positive rod-plane corona problem. The numerical results are in agreement with the experimental results, and the validity of the proposed method is verified.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10972220,11125211 and 11021262)973 Project(2012CB937500)
文摘Discrete element method (DEM) is used to study the factors affecting agglomeration in three-dimensional copper particle systems during solid-state sintering. A new parameter is proposed to characterize agglomeration. The effects of a series of factors are studied, including particle size, size distribution, inter-particle tangential viscosity, tem- perature, initial density and initial distribution of particles on agglomeration. We find that the systems with smaller particles, broader particle size distribution, smaller viscos- ity, higher sintering temperature and smaller initial density have stronger particle agglomeration and different distribu- tions of particles induce different agglomerations. This study should be very useful for understanding the phenomenon of agglomeration and the micro-structural evolution during sin- tering and guiding sintering routes to avoid detrimental ag- glomeration.
文摘This paper presents the simulation of major mechanical properties of a flux reversal generator (FRG) viz., computational fluid dynamic (CFD), thermal, and vibration. A three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) based CFD technique for finding the spread of pressure and air velocity in air regions of the FRG is described. The results of CFD are mainly obtained to fine tune the thermal analysis. Thus, in this focus, a flow analysis assisted thermal analysis is presented to predict the steady state temperature distribution inside FRG. The heat transfer coefficient of all the heat producing inner walls of the machine are evaluated from CFD analysis, which forms the main factor for the prediction of accurate heat distribution. The vibration analysis is illustrated. Major vibration sources such as mechanical, magnetic and applied loads are covered elaborately which consists of a 3D modal analysis to find the natural frequency ofFRG, a 3D static stress analysis to predict the deformation of the stator, rotor and shaft for different speeds, and an unbalanced rotor harmonic analysis to find eccentricity of rotor to make sure that the vibration of the rotor is within the acceptable limits. Harmonic analysis such as sine sweep analysis to identify the range of speeds causing high vibrations and steady state vibration at a mode frequency of 1500 Hz is presented. The vibration analysis investi- gates the vibration of the FRG as a whole, which forms the contribution of this paper in the FRG literature.
基金Thiswork was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10171074) Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation(Grant No. BK200133) the Foundation of Education Ministry of China.
文摘We prove that each projective special unitary group G can be characterized using; only the set of element orders of G and the order of G.