A 3-Node Co-Rotational Triangular Finite Element for Non-Smooth,Folded and Multi-Shell Laminated Composite Structures

Based on the first-order shear deformation theory,a 3-node co-rotational triangular finite element formulation is developed for large deformation modeling of non-smooth,folded and multi-shell laminated composite structures.The two smaller components of the mid-surface normal vector of shell at a node are defined as nodal rotational variables in the co-rotational local coordinate system.In the global coordinate system,two smaller components of one vector,together with the smallest or second smallest component of another vector,of an orthogonal triad at a node on a non-smooth intersection of plates and/or shells are defined as rotational variables,whereas the two smaller components of the mid-surface normal vector at a node on the smooth part of the plate or shell(away from non-smooth intersections)are defined as rotational variables.All these vectorial rotational variables can be updated in an additive manner during an incremental solution procedure,and thus improve the computational efficiency in the nonlinear solution of these composite shell structures.Due to the commutativity of all nodal variables in calculating of the second derivatives of the local nodal variables with respect to global nodal variables,and the second derivatives of the strain energy functional with respect to local nodal variables,symmetric tangent stiffness matrices in local and global coordinate systems are obtained.To overcome shear locking,the assumed transverse shear strains obtained from the line-integration approach are employed.The reliability and computational accuracy of the present 3-node triangular shell finite element are verified through modeling two patch tests,several smooth and non-smooth laminated composite shells undergoing large displacements and large rotations.

MIXED FINITE ELEMENT METHOD OF HEXAHEDRAL ELEMENTS FOR NAVIER-STOKES PROBLEM

In this paper, we derive a new mixed element format of hexahedral elements for Navier-Stokes problem in three-dimensional space.

Design and Analysis of a Magnetic Bearings with Three Degrees of Freedom

The current research of supporting and transmission system in flywheel energy storage system(FESS) focuses on the low consumption design. However, friction loss is a non-negligible factor in the high-speed but lightweight FESS energy and momentum storage with mechanical-type supporting system. In order to realize the support system without mechanical loss and to maximize the e ciency of the flywheel battery, a permanent magnet biased magnetic bearings(PMBMB) is applied to the FESS with the advantages of low loss, high critical speed, flexible controllability and compact structure. In this frame, the relevant research of three degrees of freedom(3-DOF) PMBMB for a new type FESS is carried out around the working principle, structural composition, coupling characteristics analysis, mathematical model, and structural design. In order to verify the performance of the 3-DOF PMBMB, the radial force mathematical model and the coupling determination equations of radial two DOF are calculated according to an equivalent magnetic circuit, and radial–axial coupling is analyzed through finite element analysis. Moreover, a control system is presented to solve the control problems in practical applications. The rotor returns to the balanced position in 0.05 s and maintains stable suspension. The displacement fluctuation is approximately 40 μm in the y direction and 30 μm in the x direction. Test results indicate that the dynamic rotor of the proposed flywheel energy storage system with PMBMB has excellent characteristics, such as good start-of-suspension performance and stable suspension characteristics. The proposed research provides the instruction to design and control a low loss support system for FESS.

NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF BIFURCATION BUCKLING FOR ROTATIONALLY PERIODIC STRUCTURES UNDER ROTATIONALLY PERIODIC LOADS

By considering the characteristics of deformation of rotationally periodic structures under rotationally periodic loads, the periodic structure is divided into some identical substructures in this study. The degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) of joint nodes between the neighboring substructures are classified as master and slave ones. The stress and strain conditions of the whole structure are obtained by solving the elastic static equations for only one substructure by introducing the displacement constraints between master and slave DOFs. The complex constraint method is used to get the bifurcation buckling load and mode for the whole rotationally periodic structure by solving the eigenvalue problem for only one substructure without introducing any additional approximation. The finite element (FE) formulation of shell element of relative degrees of freedom (SERDF) in the buckling analysis is derived. Different measures of tackling internal degrees of freedom for different kinds of buckling problems and different stages of numerical analysis are presented. Some numerical examples are given to illustrate the high efficiency and validity of this method.

A Kind of Super-parametric Finite Element for Geometric Nonlinear Analysis of Plates and Shells

A new kind of super parametric finite elements for geometric nonlinear analysis of plates and shells is presented.Besides the nodes on the middle surface, additional virtual nodes are used to determine the normal to the middle surface.There are three displacement d.o.f.for each node of the element, and two transverse shear strains are taken as additional independent d.o.f.for each node on the middle surface.Therefore, the element is suitable for large rotation analysis of plates and shells. It can also be easily applied to the analysis of laminated and sandwich shells and plates.Numerical examples are given to show the accuracy and efficiency of the element.

A NEW FINITE ELEMENT SPACE FOR EXPANDED MIXED FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

In this article,we propose a new finite element spaceΛh for the expanded mixed finite element method(EMFEM)for second-order elliptic problems to guarantee its computing capability and reduce the computation cost.The new finite element spaceΛh is designed in such a way that the strong requirement V h⊂Λh in[9]is weakened to{v h∈V h;d i v v h=0}⊂Λh so that it needs fewer degrees of freedom than its classical counterpart.Furthermore,the newΛh coupled with the Raviart-Thomas space satisfies the inf-sup condition,which is crucial to the computation of mixed methods for its close relation to the behavior of the smallest nonzero eigenvalue of the stiff matrix,and thus the existence,uniqueness and optimal approximate capability of the EMFEM solution are proved for rectangular partitions in R d,d=2,3 and for triangular partitions in R 2.Also,the solvability of the EMFEM for triangular partition in R 3 can be directly proved without the inf-sup condition.Numerical experiments are conducted to confirm these theoretical findings.

Application of consistent geometric decomposition theorem to dynamic finite element of 3D composite beam based on experimental and numerical analyses

Analyzing static and dynamic problems including composite structures has been of high significance in research efforts and industrial applications.In this article,equivalent single layer approach is utilized for dynamic finite element procedures of 3D composite beam as the building block of numerous composite structures.In this model,both displacement and strain fields are decomposed into cross-sectional and longitudinal components,called consistent geometric decomposition theorem.Then,the model is discretized using finite clement procedures.Two local coordinate systems and a global one are defined to decouple mechanical degrees of freedom.Furthermore,from the viewpoint of consistent geometric decomposition theorem,the transformation and element mass matrices for those systems are introduced here for the first time.The same decomposition idea can be used for developing element stiffiness matrix.Finally,comprehensive validations are conducted for the theory against experimental and numerical results in two case studies and for various conditions.

5-DOF混联机器人设计与运动学分析

针对现有2R1T并联机构并不能很好地满足航空航天工业制孔稳定性的问题,设计了一种全新的两转一移并联机构3SPU-PU,并基于此并联机构设计了2-DOF转头,构造了5-DOF混联机器人,可用于某型飞机座舱盖制孔。首先,利用修正的G-K公式计算了3SPU-PU并联机构的自由度;其次,利用子结构综合的方法对所设计的五自由度混联机器人进行了逆运动学分析;运用ADAMS仿真分析与MATLAB理论计算对运动学分析理论模型进行了验证;最后,利用有限元分析方法对混联机器人进行了静力学分析。结果表明,所设计的混联机器人刚度大、质量轻,能更好地满足制孔稳定性的需求,研究结果也为混联机器人的样机研制、动力学分析及实时控制打下了理论基础。

Nonlinear dynamic response analysis of supercavitating vehicles

A finite element model for the supercavitating underwater vehicle was developed by employing 16-node shell elements of relative degrees of freedom.The nonlinear structural dynamic response was performed by introducing the updated Lagrangian formulation.The numerical results indicate that there exists a critical thickness for the supercavitating plain shell for the considered velocity of the vehicle.The structure fails more easily because of instability with the thickness less than the critical value,while the structure maintains dynamic stability with the thickness greater than the critical value.As the velocity of the vehicle increases,the critical thickness for the plain shell increases accordingly.For the considered structural configuration,the critical thicknesses of plain shells are 5 and 7 mm for the velocities of 300 and 400 m/s,respectively.The structural stability is enhanced by using the stiffened configuration.With the shell configuration of nine ring stiffeners,the maximal displacement and von Mises stress of the supercavitating structure decrease by 25% and 17% for the velocity of 300 m/s,respectively.Compared with ring stiffeners,longitudinal stiffeners are more significant to improve structural dynamic performance and decrease the critical value of thickness of the shell for the supercavitating vehicle.

超协调元

该文提出一类超协调的单元理论。不同于在普通协调元中采用的线位移协调插值格式,超协调元的单元插值函数首先引入转角自由度等线位移导数的高阶协调假设,并通过积分推导,进而获得超协调的线位移模型。基于超协调元理论,该文构造了一类新型的三结点三角形平板壳元SCT。数值算例表明:与其他类型单元相比,基于超协调元理论的单元具有计算精度高和计算效率好的优势。该文所提出单元理论构造简单,超协调元理论可以成为构造高性能数值算法的一种新的通用理论。

人工肾脏泵用磁悬浮轴承设计与磁力特性分析

代替透析膜的持续离心分离新方法提高了依赖血液透析治疗的肾脏病患者生活质量,随之,人工肾脏泵的研究被很多学者关注.但传统人工肾脏泵采用滚动轴承进行支撑,存在溶血高、血栓率高等问题,为此,本文利用磁悬浮轴承的非接触、无润滑、高转速等优点,研发了一种应用于人工肾脏泵的结构紧凑且节能的单自由度控制型磁悬浮轴承.利用有限元分析软件进行仿真,探索径向被动控制部分和轴向主动控制部分的设计参数,并对总体进行仿真验证,进而对磁悬浮轴承进行结构性能评估.结果表明:仿真与实验的径向位移刚度系数分别为47.432 N/mm和49.531 N/mm,轴向电流刚度系数分别为0.144 N/AT和0.135 N/AT,轴向位移刚度系数为223.071 N/mm,满足该磁悬浮轴承的五自由度稳定悬浮要求;所设计的磁悬浮轴承简化了系统结构,减小了控制难度以及降低了系统功耗.

基于ANSYS的工业机械臂结构分析与拓扑优化设计

机械臂的刚度和固有频率对其可靠性有重要影响,需对其进行深入研究。文章对某型六自由度工业机械臂进行建模设计,在ANSYS软件采用有限元分析方法对机械臂在力矩最大的工况下进行静态结构分析和模态分析,验证其刚度和固有频率是否符合要求。进一步采用拓扑优化方法对大臂进行优化,然后对大臂进行模型重构,导入到整个机械臂中进行结构分析与模态分析,比较优化前后机械臂的性能差异,验证了改良后机械臂的可靠性,实现轻量化目标,为后续生产提供参考依据。

Model Simplification and Parameter Modification for Offshore Platforms Using Experiment Data

In this paper, a computation method has been developed so as to compare the finite element method (FEM) with the test results directly. The structure is divided into the 'master' and 'slave' degrees of freedom. The simplified model can be obtained with modal reduction. Then the design sensitivity analysis of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors has been carried out using the modal frequency and modal shape of the test. A two-story frame structure and a jacket model structure have been calculated. Meanwhile, the modified coefficient, the FEM computational and experimental values have been given. It has been shown that the FEM model modified using the test modal value is efficient.

2-DOF平面并联机器人结构参数优化的研究

提出了一种新颖的高速高精度机器人机构:采用高速精密直线电机驱动-2-DOF平面并联杆机构.在杆机构的设计中,以结构紧凑和抑振为目标,分别采用模拟退火算法和有限元动力仿真进行了几何尺寸和截面尺寸的优化,并提出了一种基于本模型特点的新解产生机制.实验测试结果表明:经优化设计后的平面并联杆机构刚度大,高速运动下的残余振动<1 μm,直线电机的稳定时间成为决定机器人稳定时间的关键因素.

弹簧-坡面变摩擦阻尼器参数研究

本文是针对变摩擦阻尼器无系统研究方法及具体规范的支撑。通过理论推导得出单自由度体系在谐振激励下结构位移、耗能比计算公式并确定摩擦系数、坡面长度、坡度和碟簧刚度等为影响弹簧-坡面变摩擦阻尼器力学性能的重要参数,采用自编程序对弹簧-坡面变摩擦阻尼器进行参数分析,研究结果发现:(1)弹簧-坡面变摩擦阻尼器摩擦系数宜取0.5以上;(2)宜适当增加坡面长度且平面段长度宜小于结构屈服位移;(3)当弹簧-坡面变摩擦阻尼器耗能不足时,宜优先考虑增大坡度;(4)当增大坡度仍无法满足弹簧-坡面变摩擦阻尼器耗能需求时,可考虑增大碟簧刚度。研究结果为实际工程应用中弹簧-坡面变摩擦阻尼器参数确定提供参考。

无额外自由度广义有限元的近不可压弹-塑性分析

研究了常规有限元方法在近不可压弹-塑性分析中的体积自锁问题,并在广义有限元框架下引入无额外自由度的强化函数对此问题进行了改进.一方面,插值函数在引入强化函数后获得了更加丰富的近似空间,提高了在体积近似不变约束下正确反映结构变形的能力;另一方面,强化函数的建立不依赖额外自由度,从而消除了传统广义有限元方法中的线性相关性问题.分析并验证了常规有限元在线弹性、超弹性和塑性分析中的体积自锁问题具有不同的触发条件和表现形式.3个典型的数值算例表明,无额外自由广义有限元能有效地缓解体积自锁并得到准确合理的计算结果.

高弹EPE泡沫两自由度连续冲击包装动力学响应研究

目的基于产品在包装运输过程中经常遭受多次跌落冲击,探究两自由度高弹EPE泡沫包装在连续冲击载荷下的动力学响应。方法以密度为34kg/m3的EPE泡沫为研究对象,建立高弹泡沫本构方程,并通过ABAQUS构建两自由度高弹泡沫包装系统有限元模型,并进行有限元模拟。利用ABAQUS中的Hyperform模型和Mullins效应来模拟高弹泡沫产品在连续冲击载荷下的加速度响应。结果通过对比试验和仿真结果可知,两自由度高弹EPE泡沫包装系统在连续冲击下,其产品加速度变化趋势明显,且泡沫的软化效应会降低其缓冲性能。结论在两自由度包装系统中,冲击对底层产品的影响持续时间较长,并且冲击作用会导致泡沫出现软化现象。在泡沫压实阶段,应力会急剧上升。

大跨径非对称悬浇梁跨中钢壳合龙关键技术研究

为了确保中跨合龙段施工安全,以合肥市文忠路上跨合肥东站转体桥为工程背景,对大跨径非对称悬浇梁跨中钢壳合龙关键技术开展研究。通过ABAQUS建立了跨中合龙钢壳空间有限元模型,分析了合龙钢壳和钢筋拉杆在合龙段混凝土浇筑后的应力及变形情况。研究结果表明:合龙钢壳应力及钢筋拉杆在组合荷载作用下应力峰值均小于钢材容许应力值,且均具有较大的应力储备;钢壳最大变形位于腹板拉杆钢筋与合龙钢壳连接处,钢壳与钢梁拉杆最大变形均为0.446 mm,最大变形未超过允许值。

海底定位抛砂系统的多自由度复合机构设计

在传统抛投机构基础上,结合机械臂的工作方式,设计伸缩导向槽,对竖直导向筒的翻转平移灵活补偿;设计自动抓钩,准确实现水平输送带与竖直导向筒的连接。实现抛投料筒在多个自由度上运动,在保证抛投机构灵活性、准确性的同时,也保证物料运输抛投的连贯性。

冲击荷载作用下机场刚性道面动力响应与影响因素分析

机场刚性道面受飞机着陆冲击荷载的影响较大。为研究机场刚性道面在飞机着陆瞬态冲击荷载作用下的动力响应,基于主起落架单自由度振动系统,用半波正弦曲线模拟冲击荷载。采用有限元分析的方法研究了B737-800机型在粗暴着陆条件下机场道面的动力响应,并分析了道面板在不同冲击速度及不同道面结构参数下动力响应变化规律。结果表明:单自由度振动系统能很好地表征垂直速度与法向加速度的关系;道面板产生最大应力的临界荷位处于板纵缝中部;冲击荷载作用时间内道面弯沉影响深度持续增加,绝大部分由土基承担;循环冲击作用下,板底弯沉随冲击荷载作用次数的增加而增加,作用100次后增幅明显减小;板底弯沉与板底峰值应力均随垂直速度的增加而增加,相比面层模量,面层厚度对板底弯沉的影响显著,板底峰值应力随面层模量的增大而增大,但随面层厚度的增加呈先减小后增大趋势。