Missile formation controller design based on disturbance observer and finite-time control

To keep multiple missiles to fly in a formation, a robust controller for missile formation is designed. Based on the leader-follower formation mode, two formation relative motion models in different coordinate frames are established and compared. The three-dimension model built in a follower reference coordinate frame is chosen due to its control inputs decoupling, then this model is decoupled into three subsystems. For each subsystem a robust formation controller is proposed based on the disturbance observer and f＇mite-time control theory when the external disturbance exits. The stability of the closed-loop system adopting the controller is proved theoretically. Simulation resuits show that the follower can foUow the leader and keep the desired formation despite the external disturbance, which validates the effectiveness of the proposed robust formation controller.

Integrated guidance and control design method based on finite-time state observer

A composited integrated guidance and control(IGC) algorithm is presented to tackle the problem of the IGC design in the dive phase for the bank-to-turn(BTT) vehicle with the inaccuracy information of the line-of-sight(LOS) rate. For the sake of theoretical derivation, an IGC model in the pitch plane is established. The high-order finite-time state observer(FTSO), with the LOS angle as the single input, is employed to reconstruct the states of the system online. Besides, a composited IGC algorithm is presented via the fusion of back-stepping and dynamic inverse. Compared with the traditional IGC algorithm, the proposed composited IGC method can attenuate effectively the design conservation of the flight control system, while the LOS rate is mixed with noise. Extensive experiments have been performed to demonstrate that the proposed approach is globally finite-time stable and strongly robust against parameter uncertainty.

Backstepping Sliding Mode Control Based on Extended State Observer for Hydraulic Servo System

Hydraulic servo system plays an important role in industrial fields due to the advantages of high response,small size-to-power ratio and large driving force.However,inherent nonlinear behaviors and modeling uncertainties are the main obstacles for hydraulic servo system to achieve high tracking perfor-mance.To deal with these difficulties,this paper presents a backstepping sliding mode controller to improve the dynamic tracking performance and anti-interfer-ence ability.For this purpose,the nonlinear dynamic model is firstly established,where the nonlinear behaviors and modeling uncertainties are lumped as one term.Then,the extended state observer is introduced to estimate the lumped distur-bance.The system stability is proved by using the Lyapunov stability theorem.Finally,comparative simulation and experimental are conducted on a hydraulic servo system platform to verify the efficiency of the proposed control scheme.

Observer-based robust predictive control of singular systems with time-delay and parameter uncertainties

The problem of observer-based robust predictive control is studied for the singular systems with norm-bounded uncertainties and time-delay, and the design method of robust predictive observer-based controller is proposed. By constructing the Lyapunov function with the error terms, the infinite time domain ＂min-max＂ optimization problems are converted into convex optimization problems solving by the linear matrix inequality （LMI）, and the sufficient conditions for the existence of this control are derived. It is proved that the robust stability of the closed-loop singular systems can be guaranteed by the initial feasible solutions of the optimization problems, and the regular and the impulse-free of the singular systems are also guaranteed. A simulation example illustrates the efficiency of this method.

Finite-time Mittag-Leffler synchronization of fractional-order delayed memristive neural networks with parameters uncertainty and discontinuous activation functions

The finite-time Mittag-Leffler synchronization is investigated for fractional-order delayed memristive neural networks(FDMNN)with parameters uncertainty and discontinuous activation functions.The relevant results are obtained under the framework of Filippov for such systems.Firstly,the novel feedback controller,which includes the discontinuous functions and time delays,is proposed to investigate such systems.Secondly,the conditions on finite-time Mittag-Leffler synchronization of FDMNN are established according to the properties of fractional-order calculus and inequality analysis technique.At the same time,the upper bound of the settling time for Mittag-Leffler synchronization is accurately estimated.In addition,by selecting the appropriate parameters of the designed controller and utilizing the comparison theorem for fractional-order systems,the global asymptotic synchronization is achieved as a corollary.Finally,a numerical example is given to indicate the correctness of the obtained conclusions.

Finite-Time Convergence Disturbance Rejection Control for a Flexible Timoshenko Manipulator

This paper focuses on a new finite-time convergence disturbance rejection control scheme design for a flexible Timoshenko manipulator subject to extraneous disturbances.To suppress the shear deformation and elastic oscillation,position the manipulator in a desired angle,and ensure the finitetime convergence of disturbances,we develop three disturbance observers(DOs)and boundary controllers.Under the derived DOs-based control schemes,the controlled system is guaranteed to be uniformly bounded stable and disturbance estimation errors converge to zero in a finite time.In the end,numerical simulations are established by finite difference methods to demonstrate the effectiveness of the devised scheme by selecting appropriate parameters.

Robust H_∞ Controller Design for Uncertain Neutral Systems via Dynamic Observer Based Output Feedback

In this paper, the dynamic observer-based controller design for a class of neutral systems with H∞ control is considered. An observer-based output feedback is derived for systems with polytopic parameter uncertainties. This controller assures delay-dependent stabilization and H∞ norm bound attenuation from the disturbance input to the controlled output. Numerical examples are provided for illustration and comparison of the proposed conditions.

Target Tracking Algorithm Using Finite-time Convergence Smooth Second-order Sliding Mode Controller for Mobile Robots

Target tracking control for wheeled mobile robot （WMR） need resolve the problems of kinematics model and tracking algorithm.High-order sliding mode control is a valid method used in the nonlinear tracking control system,which can eliminate the chattering of sliding mode control.Currently there lacks the research of robustness and uncertain factors for high-order sliding mode control.To address the fast convergence and robustness problems of tracking target,the tracking mathematical model of WMR and the target is derived.Based on the finite-time convergence theory and second order sliding mode method,a nonlinear tracking algorithm is designed which guarantees that WMR can catch the target in finite time.At the same time an observer is applied to substitute the uncertain acceleration of the target,then a smooth nonlinear tracking algorithm is proposed.Based on Lyapunov stability theory and finite-time convergence,a finite time convergent smooth second order sliding mode controller and a target tracking algorithm are designed by using second order sliding mode method.The simulation results verified that WMR can catch up the target quickly and reduce the control discontinuity of the velocity of WMR.

Dynamic Surface Control with Nonlinear Disturbance Observer for Uncertain Flight Dynamic System

A new robust control method of a nonlinear flight dynamic system with aerodynamic coefficients and external disturbance has been proposed.The proposed control system is a combination of the dynamic surface control(DSC)and the nonlinear disturbance observer(NDO).DSC technique provides the ability to overcome the″explosion of complexity″problem in backstepping control.NDO is adopted to observe the uncertainties in nonlinear flight dynamic system.It has been proved that the proposed design method can guarantee uniformly ultimately boundedness of all the signals in the closed-loop system by Lyapunov stability theorem.Finally,simulation results show that the proposed controller provides better performance than the traditional nonlinear controller.

Finite-time stabilization of uncertain non-autonomous chaoticgyroscopes with nonlinear inputs

Gyroscopes are one of the most interesting and everlasting nonlinear nonautonomous dynamical systems that exhibit very complex dynamical behavior such as chaos. In this paper, the problem of robust stabilization of the nonlinear non-autonomous gyroscopes in a given finite time is studied. It is assumed that the gyroscope system is perturbed by model uncertainties, external disturbances, and unknown parameters. Besides, the effects of input nonlinearities are taken into account. Appropriate adaptive laws are proposed to tackle the unknown parameters. Based on the adaptive laws and the finite-time control theory, discontinuous finite-time control laws are proposed to ensure the finite-time stability of the system. The finite-time stability and convergence of the closed-loop system are analytically proved. Some numerical simulations are presented to show the efficiency of the proposed finite-time control scheme and to validate the theoretical results.

Observer-based passive control for uncertain linear systems with delay in state and control input

This paper deals with the robust passivity synthesis problem for a class of uncertain linear systems with timevarying delay in state and control input. The parameter uncertainties are norm-bounded and allowed to appear in all matrices of the model. The problem aims at designing an observer-based dynamic output-feedback controller that robustly stabilizes the uncertain systems and achieves the strict passivity of closed-loop systems for all admissible uncertainties. By converting the problem at hand into a class of strictly passive control problem for a parameterized system, the explicit solution is established and expressed in terms of a linear matrix inequality. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach.

A novel adaptive finite-time controller for synchronizing chaotic gyros with nonlinear inputs

In this paper, the problem of the finite-time synchronization of two uncertain chaotic gyros is discussed. The parameters of both the master and the slave gyros are assumed to be unknown in advance. The effects of model uncertainties and input nonlinearities are also taken into account. An appropriate adaptation law is proposed to tackle the gyros＇ unknown parameters. Based on the adaptation law and the finite-time control technique, proper control laws are introduced to ensure that the trajectories of the slave gyro converge to the trajectories of the master gyro in a given finite time. Simulation results show the applicability and the efficiency of the proposed finite-time controller.

Observer-based multivariable fixed-time formation control of mobile robots

This paper proposes a multivariable fixed-time leaderfollower formation control method for a group of nonholonomic mobile robots, which has the ability to estimate multiple uncertainties. Firstly, based on the state space model of the leader-follower formation, a multivariable fixed-time formation kinematics controller is designed. Secondly, to overcome uncertainties existing in the nonholonomic mobile robot system, such as load change,friction, external disturbance, a multivariable fixed-time torque controller based on the fixed-time disturbance observer at the dynamic level is designed. The designed torque controller is cascaded with the formation controller and finally realizes accurate estimation of the uncertain part of the system, the follower tracking of reference velocity and the desired formation of the leader and the follower in a fixed-time. The fixed-time upper bound is completely determined by the controller parameters, which is independent of the initial state of the system. The multivariable fixed-time control theory and the Lyapunov method are adopted to ensure the system stability.Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by the experimental simulation.

Disturbance observer based position tracking of electro-hydraulic actuator

A nonlinear controller based on an extended second-order disturbance observer is presented to track desired position for an electro-hydraulic single-rod actuator in the presence of both external disturbances and parameter uncertainties. The proposed extended second-order disturbance observer deals with not only the external perturbations, but also parameter uncertainties which are commonly regarded as lumped disturbances in previous researches. Besides, the outer position tracking loop is designed with cylinder load pressure as output; and the inner pressure control loop provides the hydraulic actuator the characteristic of a force generator. The stability of the closed-loop system is provided based on Lyapunov theory. The performance of the controller is verified through simulations and experiments. The results demonstrate that the proposed nonlinear position tracking controller, together with the extended second-order disturbance observer, gives an excellent tracking performance in the presence of parameter uncertainties and external disturbance.

Observer-based Output-feedback Stabilization Control Design for a Class of Nonlinear Uncertain Systems

The output-feedback stabilization control problem is investigated for a class of nonlinear uncertain systems. Based on the multivariable analog of circle criterion, an observer is designed to estimate the system states and hence the dynamical equations that the estimation error satisfies are derived first. Then, by using integral backstepping approach together with completing square technique, the output-feedback stabilization control is constructively designed such that the closed-loop system is asymptotically stable. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the main results of this paper.

急诊留观老年病人疾病不确定感与恐惧疾病进展的相关性研究

目的:了解急诊留观老年病人疾病不确定感现状及影响因素,分析急诊留观老年病人疾病不确定感与恐惧疾病进展的关系。方法:采用方便抽样法选取2023年7月—8月贵州省某三级甲等医院312例急诊留观老年病人作为调查对象,采用基本情况调查表、中文版疾病不确定感量表、恐惧疾病进展简化量表对其进行问卷调查。结果:312例急诊留观老年病人疾病不确定感总分为(77.54±11.97)分,恐惧疾病进展总分为(33.50±5.73)分,且两者呈明显正相关(r=0.471,P<0.001)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,受教育程度、家庭人均月收入、自觉疾病严重程度、社会家庭维度是急诊留观老年病人疾病不确定感的影响因素(P<0.001)。结论:急诊科医护人员工作中应重视急诊留观老年病人的疾病不确定感,加强急诊留观老年病人的健康教育,提高病人对疾病认知,缓解其疾病不确定感。

光电测量设备线性自抗扰跟踪控制研究

为了实现光电测量设备的精确跟踪控制,考虑模型参数不确定性、外界扰动等因素,从实际靶场应用角度出发,提出了双闭环PD与线性自抗扰(LADRC)相结合的跟踪控制方法。首先建立光电跟踪控制系统数学模型,设计外环PD位置控制器与内环LADRC速度控制器,搭建线性扩张状态观测器实现对系统总扰动的实时估计。通过仿真对比实验验证了PD-LADRC控制策略的有效性。结果表明:在正弦引导跟踪下基于PD-LADRC算法设备稳态误差≤0.469′,随机误差均方根值≤18.9″,具有准确的跟踪控制精度和良好的抗扰动能力。

地震水温观测仪器热迟滞性、漏热效应和仪器漂移实验研究

参照IEC 60751和ASTM E644-11国际标准,在0~100℃、0~70℃和0~50℃温度范围对石英晶体型、铂电阻型和热敏电阻型地震水温观测仪器(简称测温仪)开展热迟滞性研究,明确局浸法校准漏热效应,分析两者对测量不确定度的贡献,并查明仪器漂移特征。结果表明,测温仪热迟滞性随着测量点温度降低而减小,最大值为0.025 5℃(铂电阻型,50℃测量点);在相同测量点,石英晶体型测温仪的热迟滞性小于铂电阻型和热敏电阻型。采用局浸法校准时,感温元件的浸没深度应不小于30 cm,漏热效应最大值约为0.01℃(100℃测量点)。热迟滞分量对铂电阻型测温仪测量不确定度的贡献最大(约60.7%),石英晶体型测温仪则表现出最佳的测量准确度。不同类型传感器的仪器漂移测量结果接近,极差仅为0.000 3℃/24 h。未来可通过替换感温元件、优化设计、提升工艺和使用大深度恒温槽、保温装置、修正公式等方法提高仪器稳定性,减小校准漏热效应。

火星气动捕获能观性分析与自主导航算法

研究火星气动捕获过程中探测器的能观性与导航滤波算法设计问题.采用基于李导数的方法对气动捕获过程进行了能观性分析,在考虑大气密度不确定性的条件下进行了能观度计算.针对系统模型的非线性和大气密度的不确定性,给出参数时变条件下施密特-卡尔曼滤波的无偏性证明,提出了扩展施密特-卡尔曼滤波(extended Schmidt-Kalman filter, ESKF)算法,有效提升了气动捕获期间的状态估计精度.通过仿真验证,ESKF算法与传统方法相比显示出更优的估计效果,为火星气动捕获任务的实施提供了坚实的理论与方法支持.

基于自抗扰控制的电子节气门位置伺服系统

针对汽车电子节气门系统存在的时变及非线性问题,建立系统非线性模型,以系统的非线性及不确定性作为综合扰动,提出一种基于自抗扰控制器的节气门开度控制策略。通过扩张状态观测器观测系统综合扰动并进行补偿,将非线性不确定系统转化为积分串联型线性系统;通过非线性状态误差反馈控制率获取控制量,对节气门进行控制。仿真试验结果显示,基于自抗扰控制的节气门开度具有响应速度快、控制精度高、鲁棒性强等优点。