传统的应急响应及搜救行动的指挥控制(Command and Control,C2)活动以经典理论OODA环为指导。该模式可以快速、有效地指导救援现场的组织指挥活动。但当事件规模较大,响应层级较高时,该模式失去效用。论文针对以上问题,结合C2活动过程...传统的应急响应及搜救行动的指挥控制(Command and Control,C2)活动以经典理论OODA环为指导。该模式可以快速、有效地指导救援现场的组织指挥活动。但当事件规模较大,响应层级较高时,该模式失去效用。论文针对以上问题,结合C2活动过程机理的尺度关联性,运用PREA环&OODA环理论,建立了多域多尺度分布式C2模型框架。该模型在不同尺度(层级)的C2活动采用不同的理论指导,完整地描述了搜救C2活动从宏观到微观的指挥决策过程。论文将该模型应用分析至海上搜救领域,指导海上搜救行动。海上搜救的应用分析表明,多域多尺度分布式C2模型框架对海上应急救援指挥体系建设具有现实指导意义。展开更多
The lack of routine and training of command units and emergency managers is among the main causes of suboptimal decisions and could lead to serious consequences.To ensure optimal standards of emergency management trai...The lack of routine and training of command units and emergency managers is among the main causes of suboptimal decisions and could lead to serious consequences.To ensure optimal standards of emergency management training,specific and valid evaluation tools are needed—but are lacking.Thus,the present study’s purpose is to validate instruments for the evaluation of tactical and strategic leader trainings,in particular command unit trainings,based on survey data of n=288 German Command Unit members.Resulting questionnaires were named"FIRE-CU"(Feedback Instrument for Rescue forces Education–Command Unit)and"FIRE-CPX"(Feedback Instrument for Rescue forces Education-Command Post e Xercise scale).Results of confirmatory factor analyses show a good fit for the postulated four-dimensional structure of process scales in the FIRE-CU(trainer’s behavior,structure,overextension,group),for the two-dimensional structure of outcome scales in the FIRE-CU(self-rated competence,transfer),and for the one-dimensional structure of the FIRE-CPX.Further,strong evidence is found for reliability as well as for convergent,divergent,and concurrent validity of both the FIRE-CU and FIRE-CPX.Implications for research and practical application are also discussed to enable broad applicability in various educational programs for public security and crisis management.展开更多
文摘传统的应急响应及搜救行动的指挥控制(Command and Control,C2)活动以经典理论OODA环为指导。该模式可以快速、有效地指导救援现场的组织指挥活动。但当事件规模较大,响应层级较高时,该模式失去效用。论文针对以上问题,结合C2活动过程机理的尺度关联性,运用PREA环&OODA环理论,建立了多域多尺度分布式C2模型框架。该模型在不同尺度(层级)的C2活动采用不同的理论指导,完整地描述了搜救C2活动从宏观到微观的指挥决策过程。论文将该模型应用分析至海上搜救领域,指导海上搜救行动。海上搜救的应用分析表明,多域多尺度分布式C2模型框架对海上应急救援指挥体系建设具有现实指导意义。
基金supported by the State Fire Service Institute NRW with non-monetary resources。
文摘The lack of routine and training of command units and emergency managers is among the main causes of suboptimal decisions and could lead to serious consequences.To ensure optimal standards of emergency management training,specific and valid evaluation tools are needed—but are lacking.Thus,the present study’s purpose is to validate instruments for the evaluation of tactical and strategic leader trainings,in particular command unit trainings,based on survey data of n=288 German Command Unit members.Resulting questionnaires were named"FIRE-CU"(Feedback Instrument for Rescue forces Education–Command Unit)and"FIRE-CPX"(Feedback Instrument for Rescue forces Education-Command Post e Xercise scale).Results of confirmatory factor analyses show a good fit for the postulated four-dimensional structure of process scales in the FIRE-CU(trainer’s behavior,structure,overextension,group),for the two-dimensional structure of outcome scales in the FIRE-CU(self-rated competence,transfer),and for the one-dimensional structure of the FIRE-CPX.Further,strong evidence is found for reliability as well as for convergent,divergent,and concurrent validity of both the FIRE-CU and FIRE-CPX.Implications for research and practical application are also discussed to enable broad applicability in various educational programs for public security and crisis management.
