Fire and retention island remnants have similar deadwood carbon stock a decade after disturbances in boreal forests of Alberta

In an attempt to reconcile wood extraction and forest biodiversity in managed boreal forests,ecosystem-based forest management(EBM)has become the de facto management approach.Retention forestry represents one prominent way that EBM is implemented in many parts of the world.Retention patches commonly left after harvesting serve as analogues of fire island remnants,which are patches of unburned forests in the burned forest matrix.Although the persistence of retention patches has been questioned,few studies have attempted to quantitatively compare forest attributes in both burned and harvested forests.As part of a larger program examining multiple aspects of ecosystem function in fire and harvest island remnants,we investigated the impact of disturbance type(fire/harvest)and forest edges on C stock in snags and coarse woody debris(CWD)found in island remnants in mixedwood boreal forests of Alberta,Canada.Total C stock(in snags and CWD)was similar between the two disturbance types and edge plots had similar total deadwood C stocks to interiors.The edges of island remnants had about two-fold more snag C stock than their interiors in both disturbance types,but C stock in CWD was unaffected by edge effects and disturbance type.Our results suggest that deadwood C dynamics in island remnants in fire and harvest disturbed boreal forests were similar,thus lending support for the continued implementation of retention forestry in Alberta.

Soil resilience assessment using soil profile descriptions and Analytic Hierarchy Process in Mediterranean mountains considering diverse fire occurrences

Wildfires are complex natural phenomena that exert significant impacts on landscapes,societies,and economies.Understanding the concept of resilience is crucial in mitigating its possible negative impacts,as it involves preparing for,responding to,and recovering from wildfires.This research aims to demonstrate the utility of in situ soil profile description in assessing land use resilience using an Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)through an expert panel survey.The study examines a catchment located in the Balearic Islands,considering two fire occurrences(once and twice),comparing abandoned agricultural terraces and natural hillslopes.The results demonstrated that the priority ranking of variables to assess soil profile resilience against wildfires,determined by a panel of 10 experts,identified horizon depth(25.1%),slope inclination(21.5%),and hydrological connectivity(16.6%)as the most crucial factors.Other variables,such as number and size of roots,structure of pedal soil material,size class structure,and rock fragments,also contributed to resilience but to a lesser extent,with scores ranging from 5.7%to 9.6%.Analyzing the priorities established by the experts using AHP,the results showed that the least resilient soil horizon was H1 of the control hillslope,especially under high and low connectivity processes,which aligned with the loss of superficial soil horizons after one and two wildfires.Hillslopes showed greater changes in resilience after occurring wildfires compared to terraces,with the most significant alterations occurring after the second wildfire event.This study addresses a significant knowledge gap in the field by highlighting the interconnectedness of wildfires,resilience,and land use,providing insights into land management strategies for wildfire-prone regions.

A theoretical framework for improved fire suppression by linking management models with smart early fire detection and suppression technologies

Bushfires are devastating to forest managers,owners,residents,and the natural environment.Recent tech-nological advances indicate a potential for faster response times in terms of detecting and suppressing fires.However,to date,all these technologies have been applied in isola-tion.This paper introduces the latest fire detection and sup-pression technologies from ground to space.An operations research method was used to assemble these technologies into a theoretical framework for fire detection and suppres-sion.The framework harnesses the advantages of satellite-based,drone,sensor,and human reporting technologies as well as image processing and artificial intelligence machine learning.The study concludes that,if a system is designed to maximise the use of available technologies and carefully adopts them through complementary arrangements,a fire detection and resource suppression system can achieve the ultimate aim:to reduce the risk of fire hazards and the dam-age they may cause.

基于电子商务环境的农机管理系统设计

介绍了电子商务环境的背景和现状,详细描述了农机管理系统的实际需求和业务流程,并根据系统设计原则设计了系统总体架构,最后从人机管理、作业管理及综合信息等3个方面实现了农机管理系统。系统在测试过程中取得了较好的应用效果,是一种具有广泛应用前景的高效农机管理系统。

深度学习赋能波束管理:现状、挑战与机遇

随着载波频率的不断提高和大规模天线阵列的广泛部署,基于模拟移相器的波束赋形成为下一代无线通信的标志性技术之一。此时,波束管理被用于获取和维护基站和用户端具有最大接收功率的最优波束对,以保障可靠的无线通信服务。传统波束管理方法往往依赖于海量搜索。同时,传统数学模型无法全面的、准确刻画非线性的波束的内在关联和高维无线环境特征,因而难以取得令人满意的波束增益性能。近年来,得益于深度学习强大的自适应拟合能力,深度学习赋能波束管理得到了国内外广泛关注。本文总结了深度学习赋能波束管理的研究进展,并展望了未来的研究方向。首先,阐述了深度学习应用于波束管理的典型场景和潜在优势;随后,从空/时/频域切入,讨论当前深度学习赋能波束管理的主要研究路线和代表性工作;最后,面向更大规模的无线网络、更多元的波束管理功能和更鲁棒的深度学习模型,阐述未来的研究挑战与机遇。

智能机器人在基层慢性病管理中的应用与挑战

全球慢性病患病率不断上升,给社会的发展和个人健康带来重大挑战。管理慢性病需要长期治疗和监测,对患者的生活方式提出了一定要求。随着人口老龄化和人们生活方式的改变,慢性病防控正变得越发重要。近年来,随着医疗卫生领域科技创新向纵深发展,借助人工智能的智能机器人在医疗领域的应用也逐渐成为国家重要战略方向之一,传统的慢性病管理方法过于依赖医生和患者之间的线下交流,导致医生无法与患者保持长期且有效的沟通和随访,患者病情出现变化时医生可能无法及时发现和监测。此外,传统的慢性病管理方法通常是一种通用化的方法,无法充分考量到每位患者的个体差异。鉴于传统慢性病管理方法的局限性,本文提倡利用智能机器人提供更便捷高效的基层服务。本文认为,通过个性化健康管理方案、辅助医疗诊断、定时提醒服药等功能,使智能机器人能够致力于改善患者生活质量、减轻医疗资源压力,从而推动全球智能化医疗管理的发展。

Carcinosarcoma of the breast:Facing the challenge of a rare nosologic entity

Carcinosarcoma(CS),also known as metaplastic breast carcinoma with mesenchymal differentiation,is one of the five distinct subtypes of metaplastic breast cancer.It is considered as a mixed,biphasic neoplasm consisting of a carcinomatous component combined with a malignant nonepithelial element of mesenchymal origin without an intermediate transition zone.Although cellular origin of this neoplasm remains controversial,most researchers declare that neoplastic cells derive from a cellular structure with potential biphasic differentiation.Despite recent research on the therapeutic strategies against CS neoplastic disorders,surgical resection appears the only potentially curative approach.Since CS metastasize by the lymphatic route,axillary assessment with sentinel lymph node biopsy and/or axillary lymph node dissection is always implemented.Nevertheless,the tumor also presents a hematogenous metastatic pattern including pleural,pulmonary,liver,brain and less commonly bone metastases.Thus,surgical removal of breast CS does not necessarily ensure patient’s long-term recovery.Moreover,alternative therapies,such as radio-and chemotherapy proved insufficient and 5-year survival rate is limited.Nevertheless,there is evidence that following surgery,the combination of radio and chemotherapy is associated with a better prognosis than either treatment alone.The aim of this review is to evaluate the results of surgical treatment for breast CS with special reference to the extent of its histological spread.Clinical features,histogenesis,morphological and immunochemical findings are discussed,while the role of current diagnostic and therapeutic management of this aggressive neoplasm is emphasized.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy and neuromodulation techniques:a systematic review of progress and prospects

Neuromodulation for diabetic peripheral neuropathy represents a significant area of interest in the management of chronic pain associated with this condition.Diabetic peripheral neuropathy,a common complication of diabetes,is characterized by nerve damage due to high blood sugar levels that lead to symptoms,such as pain,tingling,and numbness,primarily in the hands and feet.The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of neuromodulatory techniques as potential therapeutic interventions for patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy,while also examining recent developments in this domain.The investigation encompassed an array of neuromodulation methods,including frequency rhythmic electrical modulated systems,dorsal root ganglion stimulation,and spinal cord stimulation.This systematic review suggests that neuromodulatory techniques may be useful in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Understanding the advantages of these treatments will enable physicians and other healthcare providers to offer additional options for patients with symptoms refractory to standard pharmacologic treatments.Through these efforts,we may improve quality of life and increase functional capacity in patients suffering from complications related to diabetic neuropathy.

Imperative for long-term management and surveillance in Kawasaki disease

Kawasaki disease(KD)is a significant pediatric vasculitis known for its potential to cause severe coronary artery complications.Despite the effectiveness of initial treatments,such as intravenous immunoglobulin,KD patients can experience long-term cardiovascular issues,as evidenced by a recent case report of an adult who suffered a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction due to previous KD in the World Journal of Clinical Cases.This editorial emphasizes the critical need for long-term management and regular surveillance to prevent such complications.By drawing on recent research and case studies,we advocate for a structured approach to follow-up care that includes routine cardiac evaluations and preventive measures.

Enhancing perianal disease management with integrated physical and psychological approaches

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the study by Hou et al,focusing on the complex interplay between psychological and physical factors in the postoperative recovery(POR)of patients with perianal diseases.The study sheds light on how illness perception,anxiety,and depression significantly influence recovery outcomes.Hou et al developed a predictive model that demonstrated high accuracy in identifying patients at risk of poor recovery.The article explores the critical role of pre-operative psychological assessment,highlighting the need for mental health support and personalized recovery plans in enhancing POR quality.A multidisciplinary approach,integrating mental health professionals with surgeons,anesthesiologists,and other specialists,is emphasized to ensure comprehensive care for patients.The study’s findings serve as a call to integrate psychological care into surgical practice to optimize outcomes for patients with perianal diseases.

Challenges and improvement strategies in the hospitalization of chronic multimorbid patients

BACKGROUND Addressing the growing challenge of hospitalizing chronic multimorbid patients,this study examines the strain these conditions impose on healthcare systems at a local level,focusing on a pilot program.Chronic diseases and complex patients require comprehensive management strategies to reduce healthcare burdens and improve patient outcomes.If proven effective,this pilot model has the potential to be replicated in other healthcare settings to enhance the management of chronic multimorbid patients.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of the high complexity unit(HCU)in managing chronic multimorbid patients through a multidisciplinary care model and to compare it with standard hospital care.METHODS The study employed a descriptive longitudinal approach,analyzing data from the Basic Minimum Data Set(BMDS)to compare hospitalization variables among the HCU,the Internal Medicine Service,and other services at Antequera Hospital throughout 2022.The HCU,designed for patients with complex chronic conditions,integrates a patient-centered model emphasizing multidisciplinary care and continuity post-discharge.RESULTS The study employed a descriptive longitudinal approach,analyzing data from the BMDS to compare hospitalization variables among the HCU,the Internal Medicine Service,and other services at Antequera Hospital throughout 2022.The HCU,designed for patients with complex chronic conditions,integrates a patient-centered model emphasizing multidisciplinary care and continuity post-discharge.CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the HCU in managing patients with complex chronic diseases through a multidisciplinary approach.The coordinated care provided by the HCU results in improved patient outcomes,reduced unnecessary hospitalizations,and better management of patient complexity.The superiority of the HCU compared to standard care is evident in key outcomes such as fewer readmissions and higher patient satisfaction,reinforcing its value as a model of care to be replicated.

双回路控制下拖拉机发动机管理系统的设计

随着拖拉机发动机控制系统的复杂性在不断增加,拖拉机发动机扭矩管理系统需要满足多种工况需求,配备多种传感器和执行器,同时具备高效能和燃油经济性。为此,设计了基于双回路速度跟踪控制的拖拉机发动机扭矩管理系统,通过两个回路实现对发动机扭矩的精确控制,其中一个回路用于速度跟踪,另一个回路用于调节发动机扭矩。通过精确的速度控制和扭矩管理,系统可以在不同工况下实现高效的能量利用和优化的运行性能。试验结果表明:系统能够有效地实现发动机扭矩的准确控制,提高了拖拉机的整体性能和燃油经济性。研究结果旨在改进拖拉机发动机控制系统的性能,提高其适应多种工况的能力,并实现更高的燃油经济性。

Impacts of Nutlin-3a and exercise on murine double minute 2-enriched glioma treatment

Recent research has demonstrated the impact of physical activity on the prognosis of glioma patients,with evidence suggesting exercise may reduce mortality risks and aid neural regeneration.The role of the small ubiquitin-like modifier(SUMO)protein,especially post-exercise,in cancer progression,is gaining attention,as are the potential anti-cancer effects of SUMOylation.We used machine learning to create the exercise and SUMO-related gene signature(ESLRS).This signature shows how physical activity might help improve the outlook for low-grade glioma and other cancers.We demonstrated the prognostic and immunotherapeutic significance of ESLRS markers,specifically highlighting how murine double minute 2(MDM2),a component of the ESLRS,can be targeted by nutlin-3.This underscores the intricate relationship between natural compounds such as nutlin-3 and immune regulation.Using comprehensive CRISPR screening,we validated the effects of specific ESLRS genes on low-grade glioma progression.We also revealed insights into the effectiveness of Nutlin-3a as a potent MDM2 inhibitor through molecular docking and dynamic simulation.Nutlin-3a inhibited glioma cell proliferation and activated the p53 pathway.Its efficacy decreased with MDM2 overexpression,and this was reversed by Nutlin-3a or exercise.Experiments using a low-grade glioma mouse model highlighted the effect of physical activity on oxidative stress and molecular pathway regulation.Notably,both physical exercise and Nutlin-3a administration improved physical function in mice bearing tumors derived from MDM2-overexpressing cells.These results suggest the potential for Nutlin-3a,an MDM2 inhibitor,with physical exercise as a therapeutic approach for glioma management.Our research also supports the use of natural products for therapy and sheds light on the interaction of exercise,natural products,and immune regulation in cancer treatment.

智慧健康管理平台设计

智慧健康管理是解决公共健康问题的重要对策,本研究针对我国突出的健康问题,基于三级甲等医院的优质医疗资源,构建智能医学知识库和模型库,研发智慧健康管理平台。通过健康自测、风险预测、健康教育、健康评估、智能咨询、综合干预、签约医生服务等智能辅助功能,支撑对40种法定传染病的早期监测和预警,实现对常见的260种疾病的智能化管理;平台的健康评估、智能咨询、综合干预、签约医生服务面向参保人群开放,通过这些功能实现健康评价、健康分类管理、个性化健康计划、健康干预等全流程服务管理,为改善健康状况、降低疾病发病率、提升健康水平提供帮助。

全科医疗核心特征功能在2型糖尿病健康管理与患者自我管理行为间的中介作用

背景2型糖尿病健康管理对患者自我管理行为的影响机制尚不明确。目的探讨全科医疗核心特征功能在基本公共卫生服务2型糖尿病健康管理和自我管理行为间的中介效应。方法2023年4—9月在福州市6城区每个区随机抽取1~2所社区卫生服务中心,最终在11家社区卫生服务中心对2型糖尿病患者开展问卷调查。调查内容包括一般情况、基本公卫生服务管理情况、全科医疗核心特征功能(采用全科医疗核心特征功能量表评估)、患者自我管理行为(采用自我管理行为量表评估)四个部分。使用SPSS 26.0进行描述性分析及相关性分析,AMOS 28构建结构方程模型进行中介检验。结果回收有效问卷483份。完成规定所有服务内容的规范健康管理率为46.2%(223/483),自我管理行为量表得分为(27.77±10.67)分,全科医疗核心特征功能量表得分为(64.33±13.90)分。规范健康管理、全科医疗核心特征功能与自我管理行为呈正相关(r=0.452,0.483,P<0.01),规范管理与全科医疗核心特征功能呈正相关(r=0.638,P<0.01)。中介检验结果显示,全科医疗核心特征功能在基本公共卫生服务项目与患者自我管理行为的中介效应为0.403(95%CI=0.267~0.541)。结论全科医疗在基本公共卫生服务2型糖尿病健康管理与患者自我管理行为间存在中介效应。

人工智能大语言模型在基层医疗卫生服务中的应用与挑战

基层医疗系统是实现健康公平的关键。我国面临医疗资源分布不平衡、基层医生数量短缺以及慢性病防治形势不容乐观的严峻挑战。人工智能大语言模型在医疗系统中发挥出了强大优势,本文深入探讨了大模型在基层医疗系统中的应用及其面临的挑战,提出应进一步深化大模型的应用,以辅助基层医生常见病诊疗,推动智能化健康教育和慢性病管理,托底“老少边穷”地区基层卫生服务,激发全科医学的飞跃性发展,并推进大模型在全科诊疗与基层卫生服务中的产业化,为健康中国建设提供重要支撑。

中国妊娠期高血压疾病的管理建议:基于《2023年澳大利亚和新西兰产科医学协会妊娠期高血压疾病指南摘要》

妊娠期高血压疾病(HDP)是常见的妊娠期并发症之一,也是导致全球孕产妇死亡的主要原因之一。2023年澳大利亚和新西兰产科医学协会发布了《2023年澳大利亚和新西兰产科医学协会妊娠期高血压疾病指南摘要》,本文围绕其重点内容进行解读,对中国HDP的非药物干预措施、精细化管理流程提出建议,以期为中国HDP的管理提供新的依据。

县域医共体下家庭医生团队管理现状及相关因素研究

背景县域医共体下家庭医生团队效能不高,团队管理现状尚不明确,不同特征成员的团队管理感知情况亦不明晰。目的了解县域医共体下家庭医生团队管理现状,为进一步完善家庭医生团队管理提供依据。方法于2022年10—12月,采用课题组自行设计的问卷对湖北省内县域医共体下429个家庭医生团队的1724名主要成员进行调查,调查内容包括团队配置管理、团队互动管理及团队管理结果等。采用χ2检验、单因素方差分析对不同特征家庭医生团队成员的团队管理感知差异进行分析,采用Pearson相关分析探讨团队互动管理因素与团队管理结果因素的相关性。结果1724名调查对象中,62.9%(1084/1724)的成员感知团队考核激励措施为有效,88.7%(1530/1724)的成员感知拥有合理的家庭医生团队人员配置;对团队互动管理的感知方面,团队内部互动强度得分为(22.3±5.3)分,团队外部互动强度得分为(22.0±5.3)分;对团队管理结果的感知方面,团队目标实现(即团队任务绩效)得分为(33.1±7.4)分(总分为0~36分),团队满意度得分为(22.3±4.9)分(总分为0~24分),团队发展潜力得分为(27.9±6.3)分(总分为0~30分)。不同岗位、不同职称、不同年龄段家庭医生团队成员团队配置管理、团队互动管理、团队管理结果感知情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。团队互动管理因素与团队管理结果因素之间存在线性正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论家庭医生团队成员感知团队配置管理情况相对良好,团队考核激励措施仍有改善空间;家庭医生团队互动管理较佳,团队互动对团队管理结果提升具有重要作用;家庭医生团队成员对团队管理结果感知较好,感知任务绩效低于满意度和发展能力;不同岗位、职称、年龄段的家庭医生团队成员对团队管理感知差异较大。

县域医共体下家庭医生团队知识共享现状及影响因素研究

背景县域医共体下家庭医生团队知识共享是县乡村三级机构之间互动的重要方式,对于提升区域医疗卫生服务质量、改善居民健康水平等起重要作用。目的了解县域医共体下家庭医生团队的知识共享现状,探讨其影响因素,为促进家庭医生团队内部知识管理和能力提升提供科学依据。方法于2022年10—12月,采用方便抽样法在湖北省抽取2个县域医共体,经多阶段抽样选取医共体下的381个家庭医生团队为研究对象。采用自编团队知识共享调查问卷调查团队的知识共享水平,包括显性知识共享、隐性知识共享两个维度。采用多元线性逐步回归分析探讨家庭医生团队知识共享的影响因素。结果县域医共体下家庭医生团队知识共享总得分为(27.84±3.84)分,显性知识共享、隐性知识共享维度的平均条目水平得分分别为(5.51±0.79)、(5.61±0.77)分。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示,学历异质性指数、团队长作用、团队沟通强度、平台载体使用水平、团队活动强度、成员学习积极性是县域医共体下家庭医生团队知识共享总得分的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论县域医共体下家庭医生团队内部知识共享处于良好水平,但仍有提升空间。建议通过增加家庭医生团队活动频次,提高团队沟通能力,采取相关激励措施,拓展知识共享渠道等促进家庭医生团队成员知识共享。

Forest fire prevention management legal regime between China and the United States

Precautions against forest fires,a significant element in the prevention and reduction of natural disasters in China,are very important to the development of public emergency systems,as well as to the safety of forest resources,ecology,people’s lives and properties.The USA has extensive experience in forest fire management,which has been widely accepted and used by other countries.The precautions taken by China and the USA to prevent forest fires have been compared in a great number of previous studies.However,most of the studies have focused merely on fire extinguishing technologies and management methods;they have lacked a comparative study on the legal aspects of management.This paper will consider five distinct aspects related to forest fire management between China and the USA and will analyze the similarities and differences as well as study other features to facilitate work related to precautions against forest fires in China.