Effect of cognitive behavior therapy training and psychological nursing on the midwifery process in the delivery room

BACKGROUND The severe physical and psychological impact of pain on the physical and mental health of women during labor leads to increased risks and complications during childbirth,presenting a major public health concern.Some studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)has a positive effect on maternal psychology during delivery,reducing stress and shortening labor time.Thus,CBT training for mothers and delivery room staff may be beneficial in minimizing complications and adverse effects during natural birth.AIM To investigate the clinical effects of CBT training and psychological care during delivery,and their therapeutic effects on women in labor.METHODS This study used a retrospective analysis and included 140 mothers admitted to the maternity ward between January 2021 and January 2023.The study subjects were randomized into two groups:control(n=70)and observation(n=70).Routine care,CBT training,and psychological care were provided to mothers in both groups.Psychological status scores,delivery time,and satisfaction with care pre-and post-delivery were compared,and the incidence of complications after receiving care was analyzed between the two groups.RESULTS Although the psychological state of both groups improved significantly in the late stages of labor,the psychological state scores of the mothers in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the mothers in the control group(P<0.05).The duration of labor and incidence of complications in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The mothers in the observation group were significantly more satisfied with nursing care during the course of labor than those in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION CBT training and psychological care for mothers in the midwifery process can effectively improve anxiety and depression,shorten labor duration,reduce postnatal complications,and improve nursing satisfaction and nurse-patient relationships.Its clinical application is effective and has popularization value,providing a new way to protect maternal mental health.

Evaluation of Training Program for New Nurses to Enhance Caring Behavior

This research was aimed to evaluate the training program enhancing caring behaviors of new nurses by Kirkpatrick＇s four level for evaluation model： reaction, learning, behavior, and result of the program. The participants were new nurses, preceptors of new nurses, administrators, patients and members of the patients＇ family cared by new nurses. The research instruments were： （1） five questionnaires toward program suitability, knowledge, attitude, caring expression, and result to organization. The mean, standard deviation and dependent sample t-test were used for data analysis; （2） guidelines for focus group discussion and semi-structural questionnaire analyzed by content analysis. The study revealed that： （1） the mean of suitability was at the very high level （X = 4.49, SD. = .30）; （2） the knowledge and attitude after training were significantly higher than before training at .000 level, [t =-21.65, p = .000 and t = -19.30, p = .000）; {3} caring behavior after training was significantly higher than before training at the .000 level; and {4} the result of the program was at the high level { X = 4.25, SD. = .17}, related to the result of semi-structured interview and focus group discussion. These evaluation research finding suggested that administrators can use for improving the preparation of any project and apply to evaluate other training programs, developing human resource system.

Differential Impact of an Executive-Function and a Social Cognition Training on Preschoolers with Externalizing Behavior Problems

In preschoolers, externalizing behavior problems are a primary cause of consultation. It is known that externalizing behavior (EB) could result from individual and environmental risk factors. Individual risk factors included notably social cognition (SC) and executive functions (EF). A high level of EB has usually been related to dysfunction in SC and to poor skills in EF. The aim of the present experimental study is to compare the impact of two very targeted child-oriented trainings in the increasing of social competence and decreasing of EB in preschoolers. One training targeted SC abilities while the second one targeted EF capacities. These two trainings were compared on 48 preschoolers presenting clinically relevant levels of EB. The comparison of those results highlighted how each training could help preschoolers with EB in their behavior, emotion regulation and social adjustment. In comparison to a waiting-list control-group, the two trainings were effective in decreasing EB and differentiated impacts of the two trainings were obtained on different dimensions of profiles of social competence and emotion regulation. Results are discussed for their research and clinical implications.

Virtual reality for immersive multi-user firefighter-training scenarios

Background Virtual reality(VR)applications can be used to provide comprehensive training scenarios that are difficult or impossible to represent in physical configurations.This includes team training for emergency services such as firefighting.Creating a high level of immersion is essential for achieving effective virtual training.In this respect,motion-capture systems offer the possibility of creating highly immersive multi-user training experiences,including full-body avatars.Methods This study presents a preliminary prototype that helps extin-guish a virtual fire on a container ship as a VR training scenario.The prototype provides a full-body and multi-user VR experience based on the synthesis of position data provided by the motion-capture system and orientation data from the VR headsets.Moreover,the prototype facilitates an initial evaluation of the results.Results The results confirm the value of using VR for training procedures that are difficult to implement in the real world.Furthermore,the results show that motion-capture-based VR technologies are particularly useful for firefighting training,in which participants can collaborate in difficult-to-access environments.However,this study also indicates that increasing the immersion in such training remains a challenge.Conclusions This study presents a prototypical VR application that enables the multi-user training of maritime firefighters.Future research should evaluate the initial results,provide more extensive training scenarios,and measure the training progress.

Effect of behavior training on learning,memory and the expression of NR2B,GluR1 in hippocampus of rats offspring with fetal growth restriction

Objective： To study effects of behavior training on learning, memory and the expression of NR2B, GluR1 in hippocampus of rat＇ s offspring with fetal growth restriction（FGR）. Methods： The rat model of FGR was established by passive smoking method. The rats offspring were divided into the FGR group and the control group, then randomly divided into the trained and untrained group, respectively. Morris water maze test was proceeded on postnatal month（PM2/4） as a behavior training method, then the learning-memory of rats was detected through dark-avoidance and step-down tests. The expressions of NR2B and GluR1 subunits in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 areas were detected by immunohistochemical method. Results： In the dark-avoidance and step-down tests, the performance record of rats with FGR was worse than that of control rats, and the behavior-trained rats was better than the untrained rats, when the FGR model and training factors were analyzed singly. The model factor and training factor had significant interaction（P 〈 0.05）. The expressions of NR2B and GluR1 subunits in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 areas of rats with FGR reduced. In contrast, the expressions of GluR1 and NR2B subunits in CA1 area of behavior-trained rats increased, when the FGR model and training factors were analyzed singly. Conclusion： These findings suggested that the effect of behavior training on the expressions of NR2B and GluR1 subunits in CA1 area should be the mechanistic basis for the training-induced improvement in learning-memory abilities.

Effect of behavior training on learning and memory of young rats with fetal growth restriction

Objective: To investigate the effect of behavior training on the learning and memory of young rats with fetal growth restriction (FGR). Methods: The model of FGR was established by passive smoking method to pregnant rats. The new-born rats were divided into FGR group and normal group, and then randomly subdivided into trained and untrained group respectively. Morris water maze behavior training was performed on postnatal months 2 and 4, then learning and memory abilities of young rats were measured by dark-avoidance testing and step-down testing. Results: In the dark-avoidance and step-down testing, the young rats’ performance of FGR group was worse than that of control group, and the trained group was better than the untrained group significantly. Conclusion: FGR young rats have descended learning and memory abilities. Behavior training could improve the young rats’ learning and memory abilities, especially for the FGR young rats.

A Critical Discourse Analysis on the Teacher Behavioral Norms of English Training School

With a Critical Discourse Analysis approach, this essay reveals four types of discourses: discourse of examination, instruction, technology and regulation. Based on the analysis of power relation among those discourses, a vivid picture of teachers' identity at training-school has been clearly sketched. That is, teacher at training-school is a puppet acting as not only the transmitter of specific knowledge, but also the supervisor of rules and spokesman of institution.

Getting the Most Out of Every Training Day:The Influence of Instructors on Self-Regulated Learning During Firefighter Leadership Courses

Leadership courses in the fire services are highly challenging,and they can seriously exhaust trainees and hamper their selfregulated learning efforts(for example,setting goals,focusing attention,seeking feedback).We theorize that experiences of failure or overload can curtail trainees'available energy resources on subsequent training days,which,in turn,should affect trainees'learning efforts.Given instructors'central role in leadership courses,we hypothesize that supportive and humble instructor behaviors decrease experiences of failure and overload and,thus,increase self-regulated learning.Moreover,we argue that supportive instructor behavior may amplify the positive effects of high energy resources,while humble behavior may alleviate the negative impact of low resource levels.We tested preregistered hypotheses with 118 firefighters participating in two-week leadership courses at a German fire academy.The participants completed short web-based questionnaires before and after classes each day.Multilevel analyses confirmed that perceived daily supportive and humble instructor behavior predicted trainees'reports of daily self-regulated learning activity.Notably,this effect was independent from positive effects of trainees'reported energy resources in the morning.Supportive and humble behavior did not moderate the eff ect of energy resources.Our findings suggest that instructors play a crucial role in facilitating effective learning under challenging training conditions.Furthermore,we offer implications for leaders in fire services,who often conduct trainings with their subordinates.

Torque effect on vibration behavior of high-speed train gearbox under internal and external excitations

The high-speed train transmission system,experiencing both the internal excitation originating from gear meshing and the external excitation originating from the wheel-rail interaction,exhibits complex dynamic behavior in the actual service environment.This paper focuses on the gearbox in the high-speed train to carry out the bench test,in which various operat-ing conditions(torques and rotation speeds)were set up and the excitation condition covering both internal and external was created.Acceleration responses on multiple positions of the gearbox were acquired in the test and the vibration behavior of the gearbox was studied.Meanwhile,a stochastic excitation modal test was also carried out on the test bench under different torques,and the modal parameter of the gearbox was identified.Finally,the sweep frequency response of the gearbox under gear meshing excitation was analyzed through dynamic modeling.The results showed that the torque has an attenuating effect on the amplitude of gear meshing frequency on the gearbox,and the effect of external excitation on the gearbox vibration cannot be ignored,especially under the rated operating condition.It was also found that the torque affects the modal param-eter of the gearbox significantly.The torque has a great effect on both the gear meshing stiffness and the bearing stiffness in the transmission system,which is the inherent reason for the changed modal characteristics observed in the modal test and affects the vibration behavior of the gearbox consequently.

Application and effect evaluation of behavioral cognitive training in group psychological counseling for workplace people

The purpose of this study is to explore the application and effect of behavioral cognitive training in group psychological counseling in the workplace.Based on the explanation of behavioral cognition theory,combined with the psychological characteristics and needs of the workplace population,the paper designs and implements a targeted group psychological counseling program,and analyzes the effects of counseling with a variety of evaluation methods.The results show that behavioral cognitive training has a significant effect,which provides a theoretical basis and practical reference for workplace mental health intervention.

Prenatal programing of motivated behaviors:can innate immunity prime behavior?

Prenatal programming during pregnancy sets physiological outcomes in the offspring by integrating external or internal stimuli.Accordingly,pregnancy is an important stage of physiological adaptations to the environment where the fetus becomes exposed and adapted to the maternal milieu.Maternal exposure to high-energy dense diets can affect motivated behavior in the offs p ring leading to addiction and impaired sociability.A high-energy dense exposure also increases the pro-inflammatory cytokines profile in plasma and brain and favors microglia activation in the offspring.While still under investigation,prenatal exposure to high-energy dense diets promotes structural abnormalities in selective brain regions regulating motivation and social behavior in the offspring.The current review addresses the role of energy-dense foods programming central and peripheral inflammatory profiles during embryonic development and its effect on motivated behavior in the offspring.We provide preclinical and clinical evidence that supports the contribution of prenatal programming in shaping immune profiles that favor structural and brain circuit disruption leading to aberrant motivated behaviors after birth.We hope this minireview encourages future research on novel insights into the mechanisms underlying maternal programming of motivated behavior by central immune networks.

Disruptive behavior in the workplace: Challenges for gastroenterology fellows

To assess first-year gastroenterology fellows’ ability to address difficult interpersonal situations in the workplace using objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE).METHODSTwo OSCEs (“distracted care team” and “frazzled intern”) were created to assess response to disruptive behavior. In case 1, a fellow used a colonoscopy simulator while interacting with a standardized patient (SP), nurse, and attending physician all played by actors. The nurse and attending were instructed to display specific disruptive behavior and disregard the fellow unless requested to stop the disruptive behavior and focus on the patient and procedure. In case 2, the fellow was to calm an intern managing a patient with massive gastrointestinal bleeding. The objective in both scenarios was to assess the fellows’ ability to perform their duties while managing the disruptive behavior displayed by the actor. The SPs used checklists to rate fellows’ performances. The fellows completed a self-assessment survey.RESULTSTwelve fellows from four gastrointestinal fellowship training programs participated in the OSCE. In the “distracted care team” case, one-third of the fellows interrupted the conflict and refocused attention to the patient. Half of the fellows were able to display professionalism despite the heated discussion nearby. Fellows scored lowest in the interprofessionalism portion of post-OSCE surveys, measuring their ability to handle the conflict. In the “frazzled intern” case, 68% of fellows were able to establish a calm and professional relationship with the SP. Despite this success, only half of the fellows were successfully communicate a plan to the SP and only a third scored “well done” in a domain that focused on allowing the intern to think through the case with the fellow’s guidance.CONCLUSIONFellows must receive training on how to approach disruptive behavior. OSCEs are a tool that can assess fellow skills and set a culture for open discussion.

Qualified “in shelter” dogs’ evaluation and training to promote successful dog-human relationships

The phenomenon of dogs’ relinquishment in Italy has become a social evil, although many laws exist to regulate animal protection and lately, the act of abandonment has become criminalised (law n.189/2004, enforced by law n.201/2010). Adoption from shelters seems to be the only way to have a controlled, microchipped population of dogs, as well as limiting confinement and euthanasia. After being asked to simplify the previous Ethotest ? version [13] by many shelter operators and veterinarians, the authors aimed at analyzing the effectiveness of an improved model to test dogs’ behavioral aptitude matching the expectations of a hypothetical adopter. The new version improves the test feasibility by the elimination of a previous computer-based program, and by the introduction of new items such as hierarchical behavior towards food. In this study dogs housed in the sanitary shelter of L’Aquila (Abruzzo, Italy), of different age and sex, either sterilized or not, and belonging to different breeds or crossbreeds, were tested. All the dogs adopted from the shelter were monitored for one year after the adoption by both phone interviews and home visit. The study aimed at analyzing if the shelter dogs showed a good and consistent behavior after adoption in the new environment. The results demonstrated that apart from a predictable relinquishment and an unfortunate case of abuse, none of the dogs adopted showed any unwanted behaviors such as house soiling, jumping up, separation-related and aggressive behaviors;this made their stay in the family a desirable, exciting experience independently of the dog sex, age, and the family composition. The authors stress the necessity of every shelter, together with the veterinary cares, for a professional expert at dogs’ behavior who can efficaciously prevent behavioral problems, eventually train the dogs and afford the pairing with humans in a competent, qualified manner.

Application of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale to Grasp Autistic Characteristics of the Trainees with Intellectual Disabilities in Agricultural Vocational Training

The purpose of this study was to propose indicators for grasping autistic characteristics of people with intellectual disabilities who were going to engage in agricultural vocational training. We analyzed the data of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) of 44 students at the high school course of a special needs education school who participated in agricultural vocational training. The data were divided into two groups according to the scores of “General Impressions”, one of 15 question items of the CARS: one was the group whose score was 1 (usual), and the other was the group whose scores were 1.5 to 4 (unusual). The results of the Mann-Whitney U test showed significant differences between two groups in eight items including “Relating to People” (p Relating to People” with six other items. As a result, “Relating to People” was considered to be the most effective item to know the participant’s autistic characteristics at a very early stage of training. Eventually, adding two items, “Body Use” and “Imitation” which are necessary to master agricultural tasks, to “Relating to People”, we proposed three indicators.

Effects of inductive methods on dunging behavior of weaning pigs in slatted floor pens

The excreta of pig is generally utilized to induce pigs to excrete in particular area,which reduces the subsequent work required to clean pens.This paper discussed a new induction device design based on the biological characteristics of pigs.Using different induction materials in the devices,the frequency and location of the excretory behavior of pigs through five treatments and a control group were compared.According to the results,different induction methods had significant(p<0.05)effects on frequency and duration of excretory behavior.Compared to the conventional induction method,the induction devices were significantly(p<0.05)more effective in training pigs to excrete in the assigned area,the most effective material used in the induction devices was feces.If the inductive feces had been preserved in the air for a longer time,the effect of inducing excretory behavior would have been more obvious.Empty devices did not work to induce pigs to excrete in the induction area.

组织行为学视角下某医院青年人才培养的理论分析与实践探索

青年人才是推动公立医院高质量发展的重要资源与后备力量。现实中,青年人才培养离不开工作(岗位)设计、组织结构、组织文化等组织内部行为和客观环境,需要找到适宜的培养路径和方法增强青年人才工作动力、提升青年人才发展主动性和创新性、筑牢青年人才秉持医院公益性理念,更好地服务医疗卫生战略需求。北京天坛医院基于组织行为学,积极推进“人才强院”战略,根据医、药、技、护、管各岗位特点,基于青年人才岗位培养历练等组织要素,打造应用复合型青年人才培养的“苗圃工程”,大力推动实施“青年科学家计划”,为不同类型青年人才提供高质量培养与发展平台。

医护人员的临终关怀态度和安宁疗护行为调查

目的 了解临床医护人员临终关怀态度与安宁疗护行为现况,探讨安宁疗护行为的影响因素。方法 采用临终关怀态度调查量表和安宁疗护行为测量量表对425名临床医护人员进行调查。结果 临床医护人员安宁疗护行为得分为(48.00±10.14)分,显著低于安宁疗护机构医护人员(P<0.05);临终关怀态度得分为(103.72±10.70)分。临终关怀态度与安宁疗护行为呈正相关(P<0.05)。分层回归分析结果显示,男性、已婚以及接受过临终关怀教育的医护人员安宁疗护行为水平较高;临终关怀态度中以患者及其家属为中心的照顾意识维度能独立解释安宁疗护行为总变异的11.6%。结论 临床医护人员临终关怀态度总体偏正向,安宁疗护行为有待进一步提升,临终关怀态度对安宁疗护行为具有重要的促进作用。医院应通过开展专业培训,提升医护人员安宁疗护行为能力。

脑卒中后眼球运动障碍行为视觉训练的效果

目的探讨行为视觉训练对脑卒中后眼球运动障碍的效果。方法2023年8月至10月,北京博爱医院脑卒中后眼球运动障碍住院患者21例,行行为视觉训练,包括脑视觉训练和视觉融合训练,共4周。治疗前后,采用Snellen视力表、斜视三棱镜度和近立体视功能评价视觉功能。结果训练后,患者右眼和左眼视力均明显改善(Z_(右眼)=-3.601,Z_(左眼)=3.012,P<0.01);斜视三棱镜度显著减小(t=8.930,P<0.001);近立体视功能无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论行为视觉训练可以改善脑卒中后眼球运动障碍患者的视力,减轻斜视。

孤独症谱系障碍RUBI-PT方案的改编及适应性调查

目的·探究“行为干预研究单位孤独症网络家长培训”[the Research Units in Behavioral Intervention(RUBI)Autism Network Parent Training,RUBI-PT]方案的中国本土化改编并对其适应性进行调查。方法·按照文化改编的4个步骤对RUBI-PT方案进行改编,包括信息收集、初步改编设计、初步改编测试、进一步调整。信息收集阶段邀请了6位儿科专家和2位心理治疗师进行6次焦点小组访谈,并根据专家意见从语言、治疗形式、治疗设置等方面对RUBI-PT方案进行初步改编;初步改编测试阶段招募了16位孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)患儿的家长,分2批参加线上RUBI-PT,结束后收集项目反馈问卷并行适应性调查分析,最后根据测试结果进行方案的进一步调整。结果·RUBI-PT的初步改编方案由个体培训调整为团体培训,包含8次核心技能课程,采用线上会议形式实施。初步测试结果显示,家长对于上课进度、上课过程、课后作业完成情况、作业点评情况的满意度分别为90%、80%、100%和100%;课程难度方面,第7次课(功能性沟通训练)和第8次课(教授技能)的难度最大。依据上述调查结果和专家小组意见完成进一步调整,最终形成本土化RUBI-PT的改编方案。结论·经过改编和适应性调查,形成了适用于中国ASD儿童家庭的家长行为训练策略即RUBI-PT。

桥上脱轨列车姿态演变行为与倾覆风险研究

针对高速列车桥上脱轨后的车体姿态演变行为与倾覆风险问题,通过多体动力学方法,建立八编组整车−桥梁防护墙多体动力学模型并开展数值研究。首先,通过相同工况下多体动力学结果与有限元方法结果,对比验证本文模型的正确性。然后,通过数值模拟分别研究直线空载高速列车、直线满载高速列车、曲线不同离心加速度下高速列车脱轨后的动力学演变行为。研究结果表明:桥上脱轨列车与防护墙发生撞击后,会出现明显的车轮跳起和车体大幅度侧滚现象,各车存在极大从右后向左前翻滚到线路外侧坠落的风险;桥梁曲线脱轨比直线脱轨更加危险,会出现明显的甩尾现象,离心加速度越大,甩尾现象越明显。