Automatic Generation of Attribute-Based Access Control Policies from Natural Language Documents

In response to the challenges of generating Attribute-Based Access Control(ABAC)policies,this paper proposes a deep learning-based method to automatically generate ABAC policies from natural language documents.This method is aimed at organizations such as companies and schools that are transitioning from traditional access control models to the ABAC model.The manual retrieval and analysis involved in this transition are inefficient,prone to errors,and costly.Most organizations have high-level specifications defined for security policies that include a set of access control policies,which often exist in the form of natural language documents.Utilizing this rich source of information,our method effectively identifies and extracts the necessary attributes and rules for access control from natural language documents,thereby constructing and optimizing access control policies.This work transforms the problem of policy automation generation into two tasks:extraction of access control statements andmining of access control attributes.First,the Chat General Language Model(ChatGLM)isemployed to extract access control-related statements from a wide range of natural language documents by constructing unique prompts and leveraging the model’s In-Context Learning to contextualize the statements.Then,the Iterated Dilated-Convolutions-Conditional Random Field(ID-CNN-CRF)model is used to annotate access control attributes within these extracted statements,including subject attributes,object attributes,and action attributes,thus reassembling new access control policies.Experimental results show that our method,compared to baseline methods,achieved the highest F1 score of 0.961,confirming the model’s effectiveness and accuracy.

CAN INCREMENTAL POLICIES SOLVE EMPLOYMENT PROBLEMS?

On October 8,the Information Office of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China held a press conference to outline the steps of“systematically implementing a package of incremental policies to solidly promote economic growth,structural optimization and sustained momentum of development”in the wake of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.The series of policy measures mentioned at the press conference all demonstrated strong continuity,stability,and sustainability.The package of incremental policies reflects three“more attentions,”namely:more attention on improving the quality of economic development,more attention on supporting the healthy development of the real economy and business entities,and more attention on coordinating high-quality development and high-level security.One central goal is to promote high-quality full employment.

Dynamic evaluation of digital and green development policies based on text mining of the PMC framework

Aiming to identify policy topics and their evolutionary logic that enhance the digital and green development(dual development)of traditional manufacturing enterprises,address weaknesses in current policies,and provide resources for refining dual development policies,a total of 15954 dual development-related policies issued by national and various departmental authorities in China from January 2000 to August 2023 were analyzed.Based on topic modeling techniques and the policy modeling consistency(PMC)framework,the evolution of policy topics was visualized,and a dynamic assessment of the policies was conducted.The results show that the digital and green development policy framework is progressively refined,and the governance philosophy shifts from a“regulatory government”paradigm to a“service-oriented government”.The support pattern evolves from“dispersed matching”to“integrated symbiosis”.However,there are still significant deficiencies in departmental cooperation,balanced measures,coordinated links,and multi-stakeholder participation.Future policy improvements should,therefore,focus on guiding multi-stakeholder participation,enhancing public demand orientation,and addressing the entire value chain.These steps aim to create an open and shared digital industry ecosystem to promote the coordinated dual development of traditional manufacturing enterprises.

Science and Technology Promotion Policies of Strategic Emerging Industries in Anhui Province

In recent years,based on advantages of industry,market,science and technology and other development environment,strategic emerging industries in Anhui Province are developing rapidly,and emerging industries such as new energy,new materials,new generation of information technology occupy an important market share in China and even the world.However,there are still a number of problems in the process of development,and the policy support has a greater impact.In this paper,the development status of strategic emerging industries in Anhui Province was discussed firstly,and then the challenges and problems of the development was discussed.Finally,some science and technology promotion policies of strategic emerging industries in Anhui Province were proposed.

Does Financial Globalization Discipline Macroeconomic Policies

Using the unbalanced panel data of 160 countries from 1970 to 2007,we employ inflation and the budget deficit as proxies for monetary policy and fiscal policy,respectively,and study whether financial globalization has discipline effects on these macroeconomic policies.The empirical results in our study suggest a significant discipline effect of financial globalization on monetary policy during the entire sample period,which is robust both to de jure and to de facto measures of financial openness.Our sub-sample investigations demonstrate that financial globalization reduces inflation only in higher-middle-income and high-income countries,and when financial globalization is scaled by the proportion of a country’s foreign assets and liabilities to its GDP,the discipline is evident only after 1988.Nevertheless,we do not demonstrate any evidence of financial globalization’s discipline effect on fiscal policy.The empirical results indicate that financial globalization even increases the budget deficit in certain countries and periods.

Analyzing Disaster Mitigation Policies in Japan and China from an Eco-DRR Perspective:A Comparative Study of Shanghai and Tokyo

Global climate change-induced natural disasters require international efforts and the adoption of Eco-Disaster Risk Reduction(Eco-DRR)policies for sustainable development.This study examines the status of Eco-DRR in disaster prevention policies through word cloud analysis,providing insights for policymakers to enhance disaster prevention amid increasing climate-related challenges.Tokyo and Japan prioritize soft aspects,while Shanghai and China emphasize engineering for flood prevention,revealing a gap in Eco-DRR application.Despite these differing approaches,the shared focus on water-related disasters indicates a shift towards urban resilience.Future research should assess policy effectiveness and the impact of Eco-DRR on disaster risk reduction and ecosystem protection.

A review of cathode and electrolyte recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries: Recent technologies, processes and policies

Recently,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),due to their superior performance,have been vastly applied in electronic,auto,and other industries,resulting in the generation of an increasing amount of spent LIBs.What’s worse,LIBs contained potentially toxic substances,including heavy metals,toxic and flammable electrolyte containing LiBF_(4),LiClO_(4),and LiPF_(6).Conventional disposal of spent LIBs via landfill or incineration exerts tremendous pressure on the environment.It was necessary to adopt efficient,low-cost,and environmentally friendly approaches to valorizing spent LIBs,which could not only alleviate the shortage of rare resources by recycling valuable ele-ments such as Cu,Li,Mn,Ni,Co,and Al,but also eliminate the pollution of harmful components in batteries and realize the recycling and sustainable industry related to consumer electronics and electric vehicles(EVs).Given this,this paper summarized the recycling technologies of spent LIBs,including pyrometallurgy(melting reduction and roasting methods)and hydrometallurgy(leaching,precipitation,extraction,ion-exchange,elec-trochemical,sol-gel methods),and electrolyte recycling(organic solvent extraction and supercritical extraction methods).Pyrometallurgy technologies had relatively decent metal recovery rates but were associated with high energy consumption and atmospheric emission issues.Hydrometallurgical technologies were more environ-mentally friendly and efficient in recovering spent LIBs,although disposing of the wastewater generated from the process remained a challenge.In addition,the different industrial processes and various countries’related policies of recycling spent LIBs were investigated.In the end,the outlooks and future directions of recycling spent LIBs were proposed.

Path Analysis of High-Quality Development of Regional Economy The Role and Impact of Industrial Policies

With China’s economic development entering a new normal,high-quality regional economic development has become an important goal of current economic development.As one of the important means to promote high-quality development of the regional economy,industrial policies are increasingly receiving attention in terms of their role and impact.This article mainly conducts an in-depth analysis of the mechanism and impact path of industrial policies,exploring the role and impact of industrial policies in promoting high-quality regional economic development.Firstly,industrial policies play an important role in promoting high-quality regional economic development.Secondly,the impact path of industrial policies on the high-quality development of the regional economy mainly includes promoting industrial structure upgrading,promoting technological innovation,guiding resource allocation,and enhancing enterprise competitiveness.Therefore,it is necessary to increase research and practice on industrial policies,continuously optimize policy measures,and promote high-quality development of the regional economy.

The Way to Optimize the Right to Personal Data Portability in Chinese Practice——Based on Empirical Analysis of the Privacy Policies of 66 Mobile Apps

Although the existing legal norms and judicial practic-es can provide basic guidance for the right to personal data portabili-ty, it can be concluded that there are obstacles to the realization of this right through empirical research of the privacy policies of 66 mobile apps, such as whether they have stipulations on the right to personal data portability, whether they are able to derive copies of personal in-formation automatically, whether there are textual examples, whether ID verification is required, whether the copied documents are encrypt-ed, and whether the scope of personal information involved is consis-tent. This gap in practice, on the one hand, reflects the misunderstand-ing of the right to personal data portability, and on the other hand, is a result of the negative externalities, practical costs and technical lim-itations of the right to personal data portability. Based on rethinking the right to data portability, we can somehow solve practical problems concerning the right to personal data portability through multiple measures such as promoting the fulfillment of this right by legislation, optimizing technology-oriented operations, refining response process mechanisms, and enhancing system interoperability.

Analysis and Innovative Strategies of Tax Preferential Policies to Promote the Sustainable Development of Small-Scale Individual Businesses

This study conducted an in-depth analysis of the current tax preferential policies for small-scale individual businesses and compared them with similar policies both domestically and internationally,aiming to reveal the advantages and disadvantages of the current system.After examining the impact of these tax preferential policies on the economic status of individual business owners and the broader social economy,this article proposes a set of innovative tax preferential strategies based on theoretical foundations.By developing these innovative strategies and clarifying their implementation paths,the aim is to promote the sustainable and healthy development of small-scale individual businesses,thereby fostering comprehensive socio-economic progress.The conclusion of this study not only summarizes policy recommendations with practical significance but also provides theoretical support for the optimization and innovation of future related systems.

Combinations of Transportation Policies to Promote BRT Usage Using Artificial Society Model

Various transportation systems have been developed in recent years.In this study,an artificial society model is developed to examine the combination of transportation policies in urban areas.In this model,each trip maker selects the primary and terminal transportation modes.An artificial society model is applied to the southeastern region of Osaka City,Japan.The effects of introducing BRT(bus rapid transit,primary transportation)and on-demand buses(terminal transportation)are investigated.The results confirm that BRT is used by a certain number of users.An increase in the use of BRT will increase the amount of walking,thus resulting in a healthy city.However,on-demand buses are rarely used as terminal transportation.Additionally,the development of bicycle parking stations near BRT stops is shown to be effective in the northern section of the BRT route.

Optimal quasi-periodic maintenance policies for two-unit series system

To investigate the effects of various random factors on the preventive maintenance （PM） decision-making of one type of two-unit series system, an optimal quasi-periodic PM policy is introduced. Assume that PM is perfect for unit 1 and only mechanical service for unit 2 in the model. PM activity is randomly performed according to a dynamic PM plan distributed in each implementation period. A replacement is determined based on the competing results of unplanned and planned replacements. The unplanned replacement is trigged by a catastrophic failure of unit 2, and the planned replacement is executed when the PM number reaches the threshold N. Through modeling and analysis, a solution algorithm for an optimal implementation period and the PM number is given, and optimal process and parametric sensitivity are provided by a numerical example. Results show that the implementation period should be decreased as soon as possible under the condition of meeting the needs of practice, which can increase mean operating time and decrease the long-run cost rate.

Comparison of the Evolution of Genetically Modified Food Safety Policies between the United States and the European Union

With the research on and development of Genetically Modified Food （GMF）, people＇s attitude toward GMF may fall into two divergent categories, typical- ly represented by the United States（US） and the European Union（EU）, respectively. The former follows a ＂sound science principle＂ and firmly objects to the precautionary principle, namely a permissive policy of positive support of and voluntary labelling on GMF; while the latter adopts a cautiously precautionary principle, requiring mandatory labelling and traceability. From the standpoint of regulatory principles, together with corresponding supervisory measures and relevant provisions, this paper compared the execution of directives and provisions on GMF from the initial policies enacted by the US and EU to current situation combined with the track and analysis of latest polic ies issued.

A Comparative Study of the Value Orientations of Foreign Language Education Policies in China and the United States in the 21st Century

Since the 21 st century, both Chinese Mainland and the United States have formulated foreign language education policiesbased on their national needs. This paper makes a comparative study of the value orientations of foreign language education poli-cies in Chinese Mainland and the United States in the 21 st century and finds that both China and the United States have regardedtheir national interests as the essential value orientation of their foreign language education policies. To be specific,the core valueorientation of foreign language education policies in China is to enhance its cultural soft power.In contrast,the core value orienta-tion of foreign language education policies in the United States is to safeguard its national security. Through the comparison of thedifferent value orientations of foreign language education policies of the two countries, the paper provides some reference for the for-eign language education policy-making in Chinese Mainland.

Impact of Natural Forest Protection Program policies on forests in northeastern China

This study analyzes the effects of the Natural Forest Protection Program （NFPP） on the restoration of forest resources in the northeastern forest region of China, an important region because of its ecological and geographical location and timber supply in China, by using panel data sets of 35 forest farms of state-owned forest enterprises. Panel data analysis results show that related policies under the NFPP have had positive effects on forest resources. Planting activity had a statistically significant effect on forest growth and could be reinforced continually by planting tree species suitable for a warming climate in temperate forests. Forest management and protection played a powerful role in increasing the growing stock of the forests. In NFPP areas timber harvests, after implementation of the NFPP, were a positive factor in increasing forest resources if the harvests combined effective tending and thinning under a carefully guided management plan.

Exploring Barriers to Implementation of Smoking Policies: A Qualitative Study on Health Professionals from Three County-Level Hospitals

Objective This study was to identify factors limiting the implementation of smoking policies in county-level hospitals. Methods We conducted qualitative interviews （17 focus groups discussions and 6 one-to-one in depth interviews） involving 103 health professionals from three target county-level hospitals. A combination of purposive and convenience sampling was used to recruit subjects and gain a broad range of perspectives on issues emerging from ongoing data-analysis until data saturation occurred. The transcripts were analyzed for themes and key points. Results The main themes that emerged suggested that both smokers and non-smokers viewed smoking very negatively. However, it was clear that, underlying this acceptance of the health risks of smoking, there was a wide range of beliefs. Most of the health professionals pointed out that, as smoking was legal, addictive, and influenced by social norms, currently it was almost unrealistic to expect all smokers to give up smoking or not to smoke in the hospitals. Furthermore, they were concerned about the potentially detrimental effects of providing counseling advice to all smokers on the interpersonal relationship among colleagues or between doctors and patients. In addition, low level of employee participation influenced the sustainable implementation of smoking policies. Conclusions Simply being aware of the health risks about smoking did not necessarily result in successful implementation of the smoking policies. Application of comprehensive intervention strategies such as implementing smoking policies in public places at the county level, creating supportive environments, promoting community participation, and conducting health education, may be more effective.

Childhood obesity in China: trends, risk factors, policies and actions

Childhood is the key stage for the development of physical and mental health in the life cycle.The nutritional and health status of childhood are not only related to adulthood health,but also have effects on the long-term development of the country.Along with the rapid transitions in dietary patterns and lifestyle,the prevalence of childhood obesity in China showed an astonishing growing trend in the past few decades.Obesity is a kind of disease,moreover,it is the risk factor for a variety of chronic diseases.Obesity is a serious threat to people's health and brings huge social and economic burden.It is necessary to take effective measures to prevent and control childhood obesity.International organizations and many countries have formulated policies and launched projects to prevent and control obesity.In China,series of outline,guidance,blueprint,plans and projects has been developed and released,such as the Outline of the Programme for Food and Nutrition Development in China (2014-2020),Blueprint of Healthy China 2030,National Nutrition Plan (2017-2030),Healthy Lifestyle Campaign for All,and so on.Improving the obesogenic environment needs world cooperation:international economic agreements and policies should be formulated to prevent and control obesity;obesity prevention and control should be integrated into all policies to improve the obesogenic environment;mechanism with the lead of government,the cooperation of multisector and the engagement of public should be established;national childhood obesity surveillance system should be improved;actions to prevention and control of obesity should be initiated in early stage of life and impetrated in all life cycle;and three-tiered prevention for childhood obesity should be implemented.

Modeling and Performance Analysis of Dispatching Policies in Dispatcher-Based Web Server Cluster

There are two kinds of dispatching policies in content-aware web server cluster; segregation dispatching policy and mixture dispatching policy. Traditional scheduling algorithms all adopt mixture dispatching policy. They do not consider that dynamic requests＇ serving has the tendency to slow down static requests＇ serving, and that different requests have different resource demands, so they can not use duster＇s resource reasonably and effectively. This paper uses stochastic reward net （SRN） to model and analyze the two dispatching policies, and uses stochastic Petri net package （SPNP） to simulate the models. The simulation results and practical tests both show that segregation dispatching policy is better than mixture dispatching policy. The principle of segregation dispatching policy can guide us to design efficient scheduling algorithm.

Contrastive Research on Domestic and Foreign Ecological Agriculture Policies

In the first place,the definitions of ecological agriculture defined by scholars both at home and abroad are introduced.In the second place,the domestic and foreign ecological agriculture policies are expounded.Through contrastive research on the domestic and foreign ecological agriculture polices,the problems in the development of ecological agriculture in China are found.By mirroring the western experiences in developing ecological agriculture,the countermeasures and relevant suggestions are put forward from the perspective of government.The first one is to increase the subsidies from the government to ecological agriculture.The second one is to clarify the standard of ecological agriculture construction.The third one is to promote the industrialization of ecological agriculture.The fourth one is to strengthen the construction of ecological demonstration region and ecological village.

The Positive Role of Governance in the Way Environmental Policies Impact Technological Innovation

Against the backdrop of the knowledge economy, global economy is goingthrough a major transformation. How to alleviate the pressure of resources and the environ-ment and to achieve the sustainable development of the economy has become a global agenda.China＇ s economy growth has been rapid for decades since the reform and opening up policy,but this has also been a great drain on China＇ s resources and the environment, which is an ur-gent problem to tackle. In recently years, the Chinese government has launched many environ-mental policies in the hope of encouraging technological innovation to guarantee the sustain-able development of the economy. However, research suggested that technological innovationis negatively correlated with environmental policies in most scenarios. In some cases, the num-ber of technological innovation decreases after policies take effect and increases after a whilelike a U - curve. In order to solve this problem, I decided to analyze the panel data from 80provinces in China between 2008 and 2014 and conclude that local governance can implementenvironmental regulations while having a positive impact on the technological innovation inenterprises. In the conclusion, suggestions are given to local governments on how to better en-force environmental policies.