This article reports a method for examining the intracellular structure of fish gonads using a scanning electron microscope(SEM). The specimen preparation procedure is similar to that for transmission electron microsc...This article reports a method for examining the intracellular structure of fish gonads using a scanning electron microscope(SEM). The specimen preparation procedure is similar to that for transmission electron microscopy wherein samples cut into semi thin sections are fixed and embedded in plastic. The embedment matrix was removed by solvents. Risen free specimens could be observed by SEM. The morphology of matured sperms in the gonad was very clear, and the oocyte internal structures appeared in three dimensional images. Spheroidal nucleoli and yolk vesicles and several bundles of filaments adhered on the nucleoli could be viewed by SEM for the first time.展开更多
The gonad is an essential organ for gen- erating sperm and ova in vertebrates. This review describes several pilot studies on gonad gene manipulation and development in fish. With antisense RNA techniques, we suppress...The gonad is an essential organ for gen- erating sperm and ova in vertebrates. This review describes several pilot studies on gonad gene manipulation and development in fish. With antisense RNA techniques, we suppressed the gonad devel- opment, and thus the fertility, of an antisense gonad- otropin-releasing hormone (sGnRH) transgenic common carp. Then, using a tissue-specific exoge- nous gene excision strategy with sexual compensa- tion, we knocked out the gonad-specific transgene. Under the control of the rainbow trout protamine promoter, the transgenic fish expressed the reporter gene eGFP specifically in the spermary. These re- sults indicate that the fish gonad is a new model or- gan that can improve contemporary biotechnology experiments. Herein we discuss the potential of fish gonad manipulation for resolving important biosafety problems regarding transgenic fish generation and producing the new transgenic animal bioreactor.展开更多
目的·分析45,X/46,XY性染色体嵌合患儿的临床特点,提高对该病的认识及诊治能力。方法·回顾性分析2014年1月至2020年12月在苏州大学附属儿童医院通过G显带染色体核型分析及荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FI...目的·分析45,X/46,XY性染色体嵌合患儿的临床特点,提高对该病的认识及诊治能力。方法·回顾性分析2014年1月至2020年12月在苏州大学附属儿童医院通过G显带染色体核型分析及荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)等方法确诊的45,X/46,XY性染色体嵌合患儿的临床表现、性激素水平、性腺病理等。结果·共有23例患儿明确诊断为45,X/46,XY性染色体嵌合,其中11例为女性表型,12例为男性表型。其中12例患儿G显带染色体核型分析可明确诊断,10例患儿需结合FISH明确诊断,仅1例患儿通过微阵列比较基因组杂交技术明确诊断。初诊年龄为(0.3~14.9)岁,女性表型患儿平均初诊年龄为(9.3±3.9)岁,大于男性表型患儿[(4.4±3.7)岁,P<0.05]。所有1岁以上患儿均存在不同程度的生长迟缓,女性表型患儿矮小程度更严重。女性表型患儿中3例存在阴蒂增大,其余患儿外生殖器外观无男性化表现;女性表型患儿外生殖器男性化评分(external masculinization core,EMS)为0~2.5分。12例男性表型患儿均处于青春前期状态,4例存在尿道下裂合并隐睾,3例存在单纯尿道下裂,3例存在小睾丸,2例外生殖器无异常。男性表型患儿的EMS为4~12分,平均分为10.5分。女性表型患儿均存在高促性腺激素性性腺功能减退,男性表型患儿促性腺激素水平大多与年龄相匹配。有3例患儿出现性腺母细胞瘤,均为女性表型患儿。结论·45,X/46,XY性染色体嵌合患儿临床表现多样;应重视该类患儿性腺肿瘤的发生;EMS对患儿临床评估有指导意义。展开更多
文摘This article reports a method for examining the intracellular structure of fish gonads using a scanning electron microscope(SEM). The specimen preparation procedure is similar to that for transmission electron microscopy wherein samples cut into semi thin sections are fixed and embedded in plastic. The embedment matrix was removed by solvents. Risen free specimens could be observed by SEM. The morphology of matured sperms in the gonad was very clear, and the oocyte internal structures appeared in three dimensional images. Spheroidal nucleoli and yolk vesicles and several bundles of filaments adhered on the nucleoli could be viewed by SEM for the first time.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30430540&30130050)the"863"High Technology Project(Grant No.2004AA213121)the Development Plan of the State Key Fundamental Research of China(Grant No.2001 CB109006).
文摘The gonad is an essential organ for gen- erating sperm and ova in vertebrates. This review describes several pilot studies on gonad gene manipulation and development in fish. With antisense RNA techniques, we suppressed the gonad devel- opment, and thus the fertility, of an antisense gonad- otropin-releasing hormone (sGnRH) transgenic common carp. Then, using a tissue-specific exoge- nous gene excision strategy with sexual compensa- tion, we knocked out the gonad-specific transgene. Under the control of the rainbow trout protamine promoter, the transgenic fish expressed the reporter gene eGFP specifically in the spermary. These re- sults indicate that the fish gonad is a new model or- gan that can improve contemporary biotechnology experiments. Herein we discuss the potential of fish gonad manipulation for resolving important biosafety problems regarding transgenic fish generation and producing the new transgenic animal bioreactor.
