Fish maw(the dried swimbladders of fish) is ranked in the list of the four sea treasures in Chinese cuisine. Fish maw is mainly produced from croaker, which is the most highly priced. However, some of the fish maw bei...Fish maw(the dried swimbladders of fish) is ranked in the list of the four sea treasures in Chinese cuisine. Fish maw is mainly produced from croaker, which is the most highly priced. However, some of the fish maw being sold as croaker maw are in fact not from croaker, but from the Nile perch Lates niloticus. The present work determined and compared the proximate composition, amino acid and fatty acid composition of croaker Protonibea diacanthus maw and perch L. niloticus maw. The results indicated that both maws were high protein sources and low in fat content. The dominant amino acids in both maws were glycine, proline, glutamic acid, alanine and arginine. These amino acids constituted 66.2% and 66.4% of the total amino acids in P. diacanthus and L. niloticus, respectively. The ratio of FAA: TAA(functional amino acids: total amino acids) in both maws were 0.69. This is a good explanation for why fish maws have been widely utilized as a traditional tonic and remedy in Asia. Except valine and histidine, all the essential amino acid contents in P. diacanthus were higher than in L. niloticus. Moreover, croaker P. diacanthus maw contained more AA and DHA than perch L. niloticus maw, showing a higher ratio of n-3 / n-6, which is more desirable.展开更多
Mince the chicken breast, add egg white and chicken broth, and cook until the mixture thickens.Slice the soaked fish maw, and cleanse in lukewarm water. Slice the cooked ham and then shred. Put green soya beans in a w...Mince the chicken breast, add egg white and chicken broth, and cook until the mixture thickens.Slice the soaked fish maw, and cleanse in lukewarm water. Slice the cooked ham and then shred. Put green soya beans in a wok and scald. Rinse in cold water to retain the original color.Heat some lard in a wok, add spring onion sections, stir-fry until their fragrance exudes, and remove the onion. Add chicken broth, salt, the Shaoxing wine, spring onion and ginger mixture, and fish maw slices. Bring to the boil, turn down the展开更多
目的运用DNA条形码技术对常见石首鱼科鱼胶进行物种鉴定。方法通过对26份鱼胶样品基因组DNA提取,聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)扩增细胞色素C氧化酶Ⅰ(cytochrome c oxidase,COI)基因、测序,用生命条形码数据(barcode ...目的运用DNA条形码技术对常见石首鱼科鱼胶进行物种鉴定。方法通过对26份鱼胶样品基因组DNA提取,聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)扩增细胞色素C氧化酶Ⅰ(cytochrome c oxidase,COI)基因、测序,用生命条形码数据(barcode of life data,BOLD)物种鉴定系统,与数据库中已有鱼类序列进行比对分析,鉴定出各鱼胶的物种;根据Kimura双参数模型计算样品序列遗传距离,并将所得序列使用邻接法(neighbor-joining,NJ)和最大简约法(maximum parsimony,MP)构建系统发育树,进行聚类分析。结果26份鱼胶样品通过鉴定引物“Fish-F”“Fish-R”均可实现扩增,条带清晰,扩增和测序成功率均为100%;BOLD鉴定结果显示,26份鱼胶样品中23份能够确定物种来源(相似性达98%以上),包括石首鱼科12属15种鱼类,且多数为外来物种,另外3份鱼胶可推测其近缘物种。此外,系统发育树聚类分析结果与物种鉴定结果一致。结论目前石首鱼类鱼胶来源物种较多,且多为外来基原鱼种。DNA条形码技术与BOLD鉴定系统相结合,可对大部分鱼胶进行准确的物种鉴定。展开更多
目的:运用DNA条形码技术确定广州市售花胶的物种来源。方法:用自行设计的COⅠ引物对11份市售花胶样品进行PCR扩增、测序,将所得序列构建UPGMA系统发育树,进行聚类分析;用BOLD(The Barcode of Life Data Systems)系统的物种鉴定引擎,与...目的:运用DNA条形码技术确定广州市售花胶的物种来源。方法:用自行设计的COⅠ引物对11份市售花胶样品进行PCR扩增、测序,将所得序列构建UPGMA系统发育树,进行聚类分析;用BOLD(The Barcode of Life Data Systems)系统的物种鉴定引擎,与数据库中已有鱼类序列进行比对,鉴定出各样品的基原。结果:11份市售花胶样品用自行设计的引物均可实现扩增,条带清晰、稳定,扩增和测序成功率均为100%;BOLD鉴定结果显示,11份样品来源于3科5种鱼类,UPGMA聚类分析对结果进行了确证。结论:DNA条形码技术与BOLD鉴定系统相结合,可对市售花胶进行准确的基原鉴定。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31201999)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (No.2014A030307022)+5 种基金the Special Support Program of Guangdong Province, China (No.2014TQ01N621)the Foundation for Distinguished Young Teachers in Higher Education of Guangdong, China (No.Yq2014115)the Foundation of Education Bureau of Guangdong Province (No.2014KTSCX159)the Technology Program of Guangdong Province (No.2015A030302089)the Overseas Scholarship Program for Elite Young and Middle-aged Teachers of Lingnan Normal University, the Technology Program of Zhanjiang (Nos.2015A03017, 2014A03011)the Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Qinzhou University (No.2015KB04)
文摘Fish maw(the dried swimbladders of fish) is ranked in the list of the four sea treasures in Chinese cuisine. Fish maw is mainly produced from croaker, which is the most highly priced. However, some of the fish maw being sold as croaker maw are in fact not from croaker, but from the Nile perch Lates niloticus. The present work determined and compared the proximate composition, amino acid and fatty acid composition of croaker Protonibea diacanthus maw and perch L. niloticus maw. The results indicated that both maws were high protein sources and low in fat content. The dominant amino acids in both maws were glycine, proline, glutamic acid, alanine and arginine. These amino acids constituted 66.2% and 66.4% of the total amino acids in P. diacanthus and L. niloticus, respectively. The ratio of FAA: TAA(functional amino acids: total amino acids) in both maws were 0.69. This is a good explanation for why fish maws have been widely utilized as a traditional tonic and remedy in Asia. Except valine and histidine, all the essential amino acid contents in P. diacanthus were higher than in L. niloticus. Moreover, croaker P. diacanthus maw contained more AA and DHA than perch L. niloticus maw, showing a higher ratio of n-3 / n-6, which is more desirable.
文摘Mince the chicken breast, add egg white and chicken broth, and cook until the mixture thickens.Slice the soaked fish maw, and cleanse in lukewarm water. Slice the cooked ham and then shred. Put green soya beans in a wok and scald. Rinse in cold water to retain the original color.Heat some lard in a wok, add spring onion sections, stir-fry until their fragrance exudes, and remove the onion. Add chicken broth, salt, the Shaoxing wine, spring onion and ginger mixture, and fish maw slices. Bring to the boil, turn down the
文摘目的运用DNA条形码技术对常见石首鱼科鱼胶进行物种鉴定。方法通过对26份鱼胶样品基因组DNA提取,聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)扩增细胞色素C氧化酶Ⅰ(cytochrome c oxidase,COI)基因、测序,用生命条形码数据(barcode of life data,BOLD)物种鉴定系统,与数据库中已有鱼类序列进行比对分析,鉴定出各鱼胶的物种;根据Kimura双参数模型计算样品序列遗传距离,并将所得序列使用邻接法(neighbor-joining,NJ)和最大简约法(maximum parsimony,MP)构建系统发育树,进行聚类分析。结果26份鱼胶样品通过鉴定引物“Fish-F”“Fish-R”均可实现扩增,条带清晰,扩增和测序成功率均为100%;BOLD鉴定结果显示,26份鱼胶样品中23份能够确定物种来源(相似性达98%以上),包括石首鱼科12属15种鱼类,且多数为外来物种,另外3份鱼胶可推测其近缘物种。此外,系统发育树聚类分析结果与物种鉴定结果一致。结论目前石首鱼类鱼胶来源物种较多,且多为外来基原鱼种。DNA条形码技术与BOLD鉴定系统相结合,可对大部分鱼胶进行准确的物种鉴定。
文摘目的:运用DNA条形码技术确定广州市售花胶的物种来源。方法:用自行设计的COⅠ引物对11份市售花胶样品进行PCR扩增、测序,将所得序列构建UPGMA系统发育树,进行聚类分析;用BOLD(The Barcode of Life Data Systems)系统的物种鉴定引擎,与数据库中已有鱼类序列进行比对,鉴定出各样品的基原。结果:11份市售花胶样品用自行设计的引物均可实现扩增,条带清晰、稳定,扩增和测序成功率均为100%;BOLD鉴定结果显示,11份样品来源于3科5种鱼类,UPGMA聚类分析对结果进行了确证。结论:DNA条形码技术与BOLD鉴定系统相结合,可对市售花胶进行准确的基原鉴定。
