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Evaluation of Agricultural Contamination Level by Heavy Metals and Pesticides in Sediments of Rivers and Water Bodies for Shrimp Fishing in the Lower Ouémé: Case of the Aguigadji, Ahlan and Sele Stations in Benin
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作者 Souradjou Orou Goura Fadéby Modeste Gouissi +3 位作者 Armelle Sabine Yélignan Hounkpatin Wakili Bolatito Yessoufou Tayéwo Sylvain Biaou Nonvignon Martial Fassinou 《Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry》 CAS 2024年第2期25-46,共22页
This study assessed sediment contamination by heavy metals and pesticide active ingredients linked to chemical inputs used in agricultural activities in the lower Ouémé. Pesticide residues from the organochl... This study assessed sediment contamination by heavy metals and pesticide active ingredients linked to chemical inputs used in agricultural activities in the lower Ouémé. Pesticide residues from the organochlorine, pyrethroid and organophosphorus families were investigated by gas chromatography, and heavy metals (Cd, Pb, As, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mg, Cr and Hg) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The metallic pollution indices, the contamination factor (CF) and the ecological risk index were calculated. The results revealed 8 active ingredients in the rainy season and 9 in the dry season. Glyphosate was the active ingredient with the highest concentration at all stations, 9.65 ± 0.84 mg/kg recorded in the dry season at the Aguigadji station. All glyphosate values were above the EQS. DDT, Atrazine and Endosulfan also showed high concentrations in the dry and rainy seasons. Emamectin, Abamectin and Lambda Cyhalothrin also showed high concentrations in the dry season at Aguigadji, Ahlan and Sele. Only glyphosate was recorded at the control station (Toho), but in very low concentrations. Lead showed the highest concentrations at all the stations, 265.96 ± 21.02 mg/Kg in the rainy season and 255.38 ± 79.09 mg/Kg in the dry season, all detected at the Aguigadji station and above the EQS. Zn, Ni, Fe, Cu and Cr were all representative in both the dry and rainy seasons at the contaminated stations. Manganese showed high concentrations in the rainy season. Pb showed very high contamination (FC ≥ 6) at the Aguigadji and Ahlan stations and significant contamination (3 ≤ FC 6) at the Sele station in both the rainy and dry seasons. Ni, Hg and Cd, showed either moderate or significant contamination at the contaminated stations. The risk values showed a considerable ecological Ri (190 ≤ Ri < 380) in the rainy season and a moderate ecological Ri (95 ≤ Ri < 190) in the dry season at these contaminated stations. 展开更多
关键词 PESTICIDES Heavy Metals SEDIMENTS shrimp fishing Area Lower Ouémé
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Model simulations to determine optimal fishing effort and season duration for a tropical shrimp fishery
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作者 CHEN Weizhong Hussain AL-FOUDARI 《Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第5期1860-1869,共10页
Kuwait's shrimp fishery presents typical tropical shrimp fishery characteristics with highly variable recruitment, fast growth and strong seasonal patterns. Both the General Production Model and Age-structured Mod... Kuwait's shrimp fishery presents typical tropical shrimp fishery characteristics with highly variable recruitment, fast growth and strong seasonal patterns. Both the General Production Model and Age-structured Model were chosen to assess the stock status of the Kuwait's shrimp fishery. The estimated Maximum Sustainable Yield(MSY) was 2 518 metric ton(t) with a corresponding fishing eff orts( f MSY) 7 265 standard boat-days from the General Production Model. Similar results from the Age-structured Model were 1 936 t and 6 449 boat-days respectively. Comparing these results with the average annual shrimp landings(1 772 t) and average fishing eff ort(9 710 boat-days) in the past 10 years, we concluded that the fishery was overfished. Model simulations to show the changes of recruitment, biomass and possible catch under different fishing eff ort scenarios indicated possible stock collapse if the fishing eff ort continually increase. But both shrimp recruitment and biomass will increase if the current fishing eff ort is reduced. Model simulations also showed a possible increase of MSY by delaying the opening or by closing the season earlier. Based on these results, recommendations to improve the management of Kuwait's shrimp fishery are presented. 展开更多
关键词 model simulation optimizing fishing effort optimizing fishing season shrimp fishery
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Effects of Heavy Metal and Pollutants on the Non-special Immunity of the Shrimp and Crab
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作者 艾春香 王晓娟 +2 位作者 李少菁 王桂忠 林琼武 《Marine Science Bulletin》 CAS 2008年第1期54-63,共10页
This paper attempted to review and evaluate existing information about the effects of heavy metal, ammonia-N, nitrite and the organic pollutants on the non-special immune response of the shrimp and crab, which providi... This paper attempted to review and evaluate existing information about the effects of heavy metal, ammonia-N, nitrite and the organic pollutants on the non-special immune response of the shrimp and crab, which providing theory for improving the self-immunity of shrimp and crab by meliorating cultural environment. In addition, it could provide information for further study on this field. 展开更多
关键词 shrimp and crab non-special immune heavy metal POLLUTANTS
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Fishing Dynamic and Stock Status of Endeavour Shrimp(Metapenaeus ensis de Haan)in Bombana Waters,South-East Celebes
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作者 Ali Suman Anna Fitriani +3 位作者 Ap’idatul Hasanah Karsono Wagiyo Muhammad Taufik Syahroma Husni Nasution 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A)》 2023年第1期44-52,共9页
The high market demand for endeavour shrimp(Metapenaeus ensis de Haan)has caused intensive fishing for this resource and tends to threaten their sustainability.Assessment of fishing dynamic and stock status of fisheri... The high market demand for endeavour shrimp(Metapenaeus ensis de Haan)has caused intensive fishing for this resource and tends to threaten their sustainability.Assessment of fishing dynamic and stock status of fisheries resource is the main point to formulate its proper sustainable management in the future.The purpose of this study was to determine the stock status of endeavour shrimp in the Bombana and its surrounding waters.The study was conducted from April to November 2021 using a survey method to analyze the length at first capture(L_(c)),length at first maturity(L_(m)),growth rate(K),maximum theoretical carapace length(Loo),and mortality rate such as total mortality rate(Z),fishing mortality rate(F)and natural mortality rate(M).The study results revealed that the endeavour shrimp growth pattern in Bombana was negative allometric and that the ratio of males and females was not balanced.The length at first capture(L_(c))was 29.83 mm(carapace length)and the length at first maturity(L_(m))was at a total carapace length of 31.67 mm.The growth rate(K)was 1.0 per year and maximum theoretical length(L_(∞))was 46.2 mm.The estimate total mortality rate(Z)was 2.52 per year,the fishing mortality rate(F)and natural mortality rate(M)were 0.91 per year and 1.61 per year respectively.The exploitation rate(E)was 0.36 per year,therefore the stock status is not categorized overfishing.In order to ensure the sustainability of the endeavour shrimp,then the effort must be increased by about 28%of the current effort. 展开更多
关键词 Endeavour shrimp fishing gear population dynamic stock status Bombana waters FMA(fisheries Management Area)714
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Integrated Rice-Based Shrimp and Crabs Farming: Adaptation to Climate Change and Potential Mitigation of Global Warming in the Coastal Wetlands of Bangladesh
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作者 Muhammad Aslam Ali Shahroz Mahean Haque +7 位作者 Khalid Sohrawardi S. K. Fazlay Rabbi Shuvo Kumar Sarkar Hafsa Jahan Hiya Fakir Azmol Huda Sumon Malakar Mahjabeen Rahman Md. Shakir Ahammed 《Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment》 2023年第3期223-237,共15页
Coastal agriculture is vulnerable to climate change, thereby may affect food production systems and food security in Bangladesh. Methane (CH4) emission from coastal wetlands rice farming is a major environmental conce... Coastal agriculture is vulnerable to climate change, thereby may affect food production systems and food security in Bangladesh. Methane (CH4) emission from coastal wetlands rice farming is a major environmental concern due to its global warming potential. Therefore, field experiments were conducted at the southern coastal region of Shyamnagar, Satkhira, to investigate the feasibility of Rice-Shrimp and Rice-Crabs mixed farming for adaptation to the changing climate and sustaining food production system. The experimental treatments were designed on rice-based diversified farming systems such as rice sole cropping with no NPKS + no soil amendments (T1), rice sole cropping following farmers’ practice (FP) without soil amendment (T2), rice sole cropping following FP with phosphogypsum (PG) amendment (T3), Rice-Shrimp mixed culture with PG amendment (T4), Rice-Crabs mixed culture with PG amendment (T5), Rice-Shrimp mixed culture + PG amendment with Spirulina (Cyanobacteria) inoculation (T6), and Rice-Crabs mixed culture + PG amendment with Spirulina inoculation (T7). A closed chamber technique was followed to collect gas samples from the rice paddy field and samples were analyzed by Gas Chromatograph. It was found that Rice-Shrimp (T6) and Rice-Crabs mixed farming (T7) practices significantly decreased GWPs compared to the rice sole cropping system. In the dry boro season, the maximum GWPs 4175 kg CO<sub>2</sub> eq. ha<sup>-1</sup> was recorded from rice sole cropping (T2), which was decreased by 30% and 36.7% under Rice-Shrimp (T6) and Rice-Crabs (T7) mixed farming practices, respectively. Furthermore, in the wet aman season, maximum GWP 4525 kg CO<sub>2</sub> eq. ha<sup>-1</sup> was recorded from rice sole cropping (T2), which was decreased by 33.0% and 38.8% under Rice-Shrimp and Rice-Crabs mixed farming, respectively. Rice grain yield was low under rice sole cropping (3500 kg/ha), which was increased by 11.0% and 14.7% under Rice-Shrimp mixed farming amended with PG and Spirulina (T6) during wet aman and dry boro seasons, respectively. The postharvest soil properties, such as soil organic matter content, redox potential value (Eh), and exchangeable K<sup>+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup>, contents in soil increased significantly with Phosphogypsum and Spirulina applications, however, decreased Na<sup>+</sup> content and electrical conductivity (EC) eventually improved rice plants’ tolerance to salinity and enhanced overall productivity of Rice-Shrimp and Rice-Crabs mixed farming. Conclusively, the conversion of wetland mono rice cropping into mixed Rice-Shrimp and Rice-Crabs farming would be a feasible strategy to sustain rice aquaculture-based farming, ensure food security and mitigate GWPs in coastal wetlands ecosystem. 展开更多
关键词 Coastal Paddy shrimp crabS SPIRULINA GWPs
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Effects of Rice-Fish Co-culture on Oxygen Consumption in Intensive Aquaculture Pond 被引量:5
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作者 LI Fengbo SUN Zhiping +6 位作者 QI Hangying ZHOU Xiyue XU Chunchun WU Dianxin FANG Fuping FENG Jinfei ZHANG Ning 《Rice science》 SCIE CSCD 2019年第1期50-59,共10页
Rice-fish co-culture has gained increasing attention to remediate the negative environmental impacts induced by intensive aquaculture. However, the effect of rice-fish co-culture on oxygen depletion has rarely been in... Rice-fish co-culture has gained increasing attention to remediate the negative environmental impacts induced by intensive aquaculture. However, the effect of rice-fish co-culture on oxygen depletion has rarely been investigated. We constructed a rice-fish co-culture system in yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) and freshwater shrimp(Macrobrachium nipponense) ponds using a new high-stalk rice variety, and conducted a field experiment to investigate the effect of rice-fish co-culture on water parameters and oxygen consumption. The results showed that rice-fish co-culture reduced the nutrients(total nitrogen, ammonia-N, total phosphorous and potassium) and the dissolved oxygen content in fish and shrimp ponds. However, they showed similar seasonal change of dissolved oxygen in the water of fish and shrimp ponds. Rice-fish co-culture reduced the total amount of oxygen consumption and optimized the oxygen consumption structure in pond. The respiration rates in water and sediment were significantly reduced by 66.1% and 31.7% in the catfish pond, and 64.4% and 38.7% in the shrimp pond, respectively, by additional rice cultivation. Rice-fish co-culture decreased the proportions of respiration in sediment and water, and increased the proportion of fish respiration. These results suggest that rice-fish co-culture is an efficient way to reduce hypoxia in intensive culture pond. 展开更多
关键词 rice-fish CO-CULTURE oxygen depletion respiration POND aquaculture yellow CATfish FRESHWATER shrimp
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Effect of Anthocidaris crassispina Enhancement on the Behavior of Shrimps and Crabs
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作者 聂永康 周治刚 +5 位作者 李勇 陈丕茂 黄泽强 洪洁漳 谢学东 李辉权 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2016年第11期2636-2641,共6页
[Objective] The aim was to study the influence of Anthocidaris crassispina enhancement on the behaviors of wild shrimps and crabs. [Method] Simulation ex- periments were carried out in the laboratory to study the effe... [Objective] The aim was to study the influence of Anthocidaris crassispina enhancement on the behaviors of wild shrimps and crabs. [Method] Simulation ex- periments were carried out in the laboratory to study the effects of A. crassispina enhancement on the behaviors of wild shrimps and crabs. [Result] Penaeus japoni- cus, Penaeus monodon and Metapenaeus affinis could coexist with A. crassispina, and A. crassispina had a certain attraction to Penaeus japonicus, but no harm oc- curred. There were neither behavioral effects nor hazards between Portunus san- guinolentus and A. crassispina. Portunus trituberculatus and Charybdis feriatus might cause some harm to A. crassispina when their quantity was large, but it was not a common phenomenon. [Conclusion[ This research provided references for the bio- logical behavioristics and the further development of ecological risk assessment of A. crassispina enhancement. 展开更多
关键词 Anthocidaris crassispina shrimpS crabS BEHAVIORS ENHANCEMENT
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The Use of Exoskeletons of Shrimp(Litopenaeus vanammei)and Crab(Ucides cordatus)for the Extraction of Chitosan and Production of Nanomembrane 被引量:1
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作者 Sania M.B.de Andrade Rasiah Ladchumananandasivam +2 位作者 Brismak G.da Rocha Débora D.Belarmino Alcione O.Galvao 《Materials Sciences and Applications》 2012年第7期495-508,共14页
Chitin is widely distributed in nature, being the main structural component of the exoskeleton of crustaceans and is non-toxic, biodegradable and biocompatible. These exoskeletons once discarded become an industrial w... Chitin is widely distributed in nature, being the main structural component of the exoskeleton of crustaceans and is non-toxic, biodegradable and biocompatible. These exoskeletons once discarded become an industrial waste creating environmental pollutant. In order to find an alternative use, the present work exploits the extraction of the chitosan from chitin that is present in the exoskeletons of shrimps Litopenaeus vannamei and crabs Ucides cordatus and transforms it into high valued products, which can help solving the environmental problem as well to provide extra income to the fishermen. One example is the manufacture of nanomembranes from chitosan for the application in medical textiles. Nanomembranes using electrospinning of chitosan solutions (7% and 5wt%) with 100:0 v/v (TFA/DCM) and 70:30 v/v (TFA/DCM) were produced. Morphological properties of chitin and chitosan were studied using SEM, DRX, and thermal properties through TG/DTG and molecular structure by FTIR analysis. TG/DTG showed thermal decomposition of chitosan samples. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the semi-crystalline structure of chitosan, and highly crystalline structure for chitin. Morphologies of the nanomembranes were also observed from scanning electron micrographs. Results showed that the nanomembranes with 5% chitosan solutions with 70:30 v/v (TFA/DCM) showed facilitation in the formation of the nanomembranes. The nanomembranes of shrimp and crab with 5% 70:30 v/v (TFA/DCM) had higher breaking tension and breaking extension. With positive results obtained, the present work will help the authorities to organize the fishermen to have consciousness in the collection of exoskeleton waste as well as helping to have a better environment. 展开更多
关键词 CHITIN CHITOSAN NANOMEMBRANES Crystallinity shrimp crab
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Screening of Lectins in Crab and Shrimp from Fujian Coast of China
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作者 戴聪杰 《Marine Science Bulletin》 CAS 2005年第1期77-81,共5页
Twelve species of crustacean from Fujian coast were examined for lectins with different animal erythrocytes. Serum extracts froma ll of 12 species showed agglutinating activity against at least two types of the erythr... Twelve species of crustacean from Fujian coast were examined for lectins with different animal erythrocytes. Serum extracts froma ll of 12 species showed agglutinating activity against at least two types of the erythrocytes used, which revealed the existence of lectins in these species. There were five species ( Penaeus japonicus , Lophosquilla costata, Charybdis feriatus, Portunus pelagicus, Scylla serrata ) whose serums could agglutinate all the erythrocytes tested. The lowest serum protein concentration required to produce erythrocytes agglutination varied remarkably, ranging from 0.7μ g/mL to 8 080μ g/mL. The strongest activity was shown in the agglutination of rabbit erythrocyte by serum of Penaeus vanaminas. Inhibition assays performed with seven mono- and bisaccharides showed that agglutination of quail erythrocytes by serums of three species (Portunus pelagicus, Scylla serrata and Sesarma sp. ) were not inhibited by any sugars, while others were inhibited by at least three types of sugars. The assay of temperature influence on agglutinating activity showed that only Penaeus japonicus retained activity when the serum was heated to 90 ℃, and other serums lost their activity at 40 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃ for 10 minutes, respectively. 展开更多
关键词 serums LECTINS erythrocyte agglutination crab and shrimp
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A study on the polyculture of the algae, the shrimp and the crab
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作者 Wei ShouqingGuangxi Institute of Oceanology, Beihai, Guangxi, China 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1991年第3期480-480,共1页
A study was made on the polyculture of the red algae Gracilaria tenuistipitata Chang et Xia f. Liui Zhang et Xia, f. nov. , the shrimp Penaeus penicillatus Alcock and the mud crab Scylla serrata (Forskal) . The photos... A study was made on the polyculture of the red algae Gracilaria tenuistipitata Chang et Xia f. Liui Zhang et Xia, f. nov. , the shrimp Penaeus penicillatus Alcock and the mud crab Scylla serrata (Forskal) . The photosynthesis of the algae produces the oxygen on which the shrimp and the crab breathe. The algae are the reproductive place of the organism for the food of the shrimp and the carb, also is the shelter of the shrimp and the crab. The shrimp and the crab regard the algae as the vegetable 展开更多
关键词 A study on the polyculture of the algae the shrimp and the crab
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A review on fishing gear in China: Selectivity and application 被引量:2
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作者 Zhongqiu Wang Hao Tang +1 位作者 Liuxiong Xu Jian Zhang 《Aquaculture and Fisheries》 2022年第4期345-358,共14页
In the 1980s,China’s offshore marine fishery resources declined,thus fishing gear selectivity gradually became a focus of scientific fishery research.Studies of fishing gear selectivity mainly focus on five kinds of ... In the 1980s,China’s offshore marine fishery resources declined,thus fishing gear selectivity gradually became a focus of scientific fishery research.Studies of fishing gear selectivity mainly focus on five kinds of fishing gear:trawls,shrimp beam trawls,stow nets,gillnets,and pots.Cover net method is the main method used in the comparative study of codend selectivity of both trawls and stow nets.These results showed that(1)Bottom trawls,targeting Larimichthys polyactis(the Little yellow croaker)and Trichiurus haumela(the Hairtail),should have a minimum mesh size of the codend no less than 60 mm in the Yellow and East China Seas.While the codend should use a square mesh with a minimum mesh size of 40 mm due to the variety of targeted species in the South China Sea.(2)Pair pelagic trawls,targeting pelagic species such as Engraulis japonicus(the Japanese anchovy),Pampus argenteus(the Silvery pomfret),Scomberomorus niphonius(the Spanish mackerel),as well as bottom species such as L.polyactis and T.haumela,should have a minimum mesh size of the codend no less than 56 mm in the Yellow Sea.(3)Shrimp beam trawls should use shrimp/fish separator devices(e.g.,separator panels,vertical separator panels,and sorting grids)to improve intra-species selectivity and reduce by-catch of non-target fish.(4)Canvas stow nets,targeting L.polyactis and T.haumela,should have a minimum mesh size of the codend no less than 55 mm.(5)Gillnets,the minimum mesh size should be determined for catching traditional economic species,but also the optimal mesh size for newly developed species.Such as,gillnets with mesh size of 35-38.71 mm targeting Harpodon nehereus(the Bombay duck),55 mm targeting L.polyactis and Nemipterus virgatus(the Golden threadfin bream),72 mm targeting Dentex tumifrons(the yellow sea breams)or Scomberomorus commersoni with body length of 280 mm,100 mm targeting P.argenteus,104 mm or 146 mm targeting 2-3 year or 6-7 year S.niphonius,120 mm targeting S.commersoni with body length of 380 mm,and 144 mm targeting Pampus chinensis(the Chinese pomfret).(6)Pots,the steel-framed round pots targeting Portunus trituberculatus(the swimming crab)should have a 33 mm height of escape vent or an 8 cm diameter escape hole,and the steel-framed round pots or accordion-shaped trap targeting Charybdis japonica(the Asian paddle crabs)should have a 30 mm height of escape vent installed on the side of pots.These results of fishing gear selectivity from the scientific basis for the implementation of fishing gear access systems,especially for identifying the minimum mesh size of fishing gear.In the future,the Fisheries Research Institute of China should conduct long-term investigations of selectivity in trans areas.Developing fishing gear access systems that are in line with a sustainable development is of great significance for the conservation and restoration of offshore fishery resources in China. 展开更多
关键词 TRAWL Mesh size shrimp/fish separator Stow net GILLNET
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Design and Realization of Cold Disaster Early Warning System for Subtropics Aquaculture
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作者 涂超 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2011年第3期417-419,434,共4页
By analyzing the subtropics aquaculture present situation,the necessity of the construction of cold disaster early warning system for subtropics aquaculture,the research goal and the duty were expounded. The system st... By analyzing the subtropics aquaculture present situation,the necessity of the construction of cold disaster early warning system for subtropics aquaculture,the research goal and the duty were expounded. The system structure and the frame were introduced in detail. Several key questions and their solutions of the cold disaster early warning system for subtropics aquaculture were put forward. 展开更多
关键词 Subtropics Aquaculture Cold Disaster Early Warning fish and shrimp low temperature tolerance
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How can saline and hypersaline lakes contribute to aquaculture development?A review 被引量:1
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作者 Elena V.ANUFRIIEVA 《Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第6期2002-2009,共8页
A considerable part of the world's population is currently experiencing a severe scarcity of freshwater and nutrition. Inland aquaculture has the fastest growth in fresh waters, and this contributes to the eutroph... A considerable part of the world's population is currently experiencing a severe scarcity of freshwater and nutrition. Inland aquaculture has the fastest growth in fresh waters, and this contributes to the eutrophication of freshwater bodies. The increase in freshwater aquaculture impacts on the increasing demand for fresh water. A way to overcome this is to develop aquaculture in saline lakes. This article discusses how saline and hypersaline lakes may contribute to overcome this problem and gives a list of fish and shrimp species that can be cultivated in saline lakes. Successful development of aquaculture depends on a healthy cultured stock of commercial fish and shrimps. A sustainable healthy stock of fish and shrimps can be only maintained using live food for the cultured fish larvae, fry and fingerlings. As well as Artemia spp. there are many other crustacean species with the potential for growing in hypersaline waters. At least 26 copepod species around the world can live at a salinity above 100 g/L with 12 species at a salinity higher than 200 g/L, and these all have excellent nutritional value. There is a high potential to use eukaryotic organisms of diff erent taxa in saline/hypersaline aquaculture for food, agri-aquaculture, diff erent industries and as food supplements. 展开更多
关键词 AQUACULTURE SALINE LAKES shrimpS fish Copepoda
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辽东湾多锚单片张网鱼虾分离网片的选择性研究
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作者 秦旭杨 张春鹏 +7 位作者 崔筱杰 宋明元 龚德华 武文轩 殷雷明 徐鹏翔 田涛 邢彬彬 《渔业现代化》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期106-112,共7页
为掌握分离网片对多锚单片张网渔获分离效果的影响,解决鱼虾混获问题,采用主网衣网目尺寸为18 mm及加装35 mm网目尺寸的分离网片试验网,在辽东湾海域进行4网次有效生产试验研究。结果显示:网兜中的渔获种类以鱼类为主,约占网兜总渔获数... 为掌握分离网片对多锚单片张网渔获分离效果的影响,解决鱼虾混获问题,采用主网衣网目尺寸为18 mm及加装35 mm网目尺寸的分离网片试验网,在辽东湾海域进行4网次有效生产试验研究。结果显示:网兜中的渔获种类以鱼类为主,约占网兜总渔获数量的85.0%,其中棘头梅童鱼(Collichthys lucidus)和斑尾刺虾虎鱼(Acanthogobiu sommaturus)的尾数分离率为79.76%、82.90%,优势体长组主要集中在91~110 mm和101~120 mm;网囊中的渔获种类以虾类为主,占网囊总渔获数量的80.0%以上,葛氏长臂虾(Palaemon gravieri)与中华安乐虾(Eualus sinensis)的尾数分离率为85.92%、85.47%,优势体长组主要集中在51~70 mm和31~50 mm。研究表明,加装分离网片后,试验网对渔获优势种分离效果明显,且能够为渔民带来较好的经济效益,本研究成果可为中国多锚单片张网的结构优化提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 多锚单片张网 鱼虾分离网片 渔具选择性 海洋捕捞 辽东湾
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基于Ecopath模型的淡水虾蟹池塘多营养层级养殖模式
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作者 周聃 刘梅 +3 位作者 张政 邹松保 倪蒙 原居林 《广东海洋大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第4期47-54,共8页
【目的】研究在淡水虾蟹多营养层级养殖模式内添加罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)对系统的影响,并估算罗氏沼虾最适放养密度,为虾蟹多营养层级养殖模式应用及推广提供依据。【方法】以中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinesis)-罗氏沼虾-日... 【目的】研究在淡水虾蟹多营养层级养殖模式内添加罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)对系统的影响,并估算罗氏沼虾最适放养密度,为虾蟹多营养层级养殖模式应用及推广提供依据。【方法】以中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinesis)-罗氏沼虾-日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)混养实验组和传统中华绒螯蟹-日本沼虾养殖对照组为研究对象,通过全年实测数据和参考资料,采用Ecopath with Ecosim(EwE)6.5软件,分别建立Ecopath模型,分析系统内营养结构和能量流动特征。【结果】实验组的生态营养效率(Ecotrophic efficiency,EE)为0.940,显著高于对照组的0.789(P <0.05),表明系统中增加罗氏沼虾,能提高池塘饲料利用率。实验组二级生态营养效率值为0.203,高于对照组的0.187,表明随罗氏沼虾加入,提高了系统内的次级生产利用率。实验组的联结指数、杂食性指数和香农多样性指数分别为0.395、0.227和1.318,均高于对照组的0.390、0.214和1.243,表明在系统中加入罗氏沼虾,丰富了食物网和能量传递路径,提高了系统的稳定性和成熟性,增加了系统多样性。通过调节实验组罗氏沼虾生物量,估算其生态容量,当罗氏沼虾生物量增加至当前的1.35倍时,罗氏沼虾达到生态容量36.32 t/km^(2)。【结论】在虾蟹池塘内添加罗氏沼虾形成的多营养层级养殖系统成熟度和稳定性上优于传统虾蟹混养系统,罗氏沼虾的最适放养密度为303.75 kg/hm^(2)。 展开更多
关键词 ECOPATH模型 虾蟹混养 多营养层级 营养传递效率 生态容量
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江苏某地区稻虾蟹综合种养模式下养殖水和产品中农药残留与风险评价
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作者 徐志华 任娣 +4 位作者 刘崇万 刘熠 葛筱琴 胡月 朱晓华 《农业环境科学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期37-47,共11页
为掌握江苏省某地区稻田综合种养基地内(“稻-蟹”及“稻-虾”)养殖水环境及水产品中的农药残留特征与生态风险及健康风险,利用三重四极杆气质联用仪(GC-MS/MS),选择6个养殖区,根据生长周期,跟踪监测养殖水环境及同期水产品(虾、蟹)中20... 为掌握江苏省某地区稻田综合种养基地内(“稻-蟹”及“稻-虾”)养殖水环境及水产品中的农药残留特征与生态风险及健康风险,利用三重四极杆气质联用仪(GC-MS/MS),选择6个养殖区,根据生长周期,跟踪监测养殖水环境及同期水产品(虾、蟹)中208种农药残留情况,并根据商值法对养殖水环境进行生态风险评价,利用食用安全风险指数对水产品进行食用安全分析。结果表明:综合种养模式下,水环境中检出农药的主要类型为除草剂、杀菌剂、植物生长调节剂等,平均质量分数为0.33μg·L^(-1),同时有少量杀虫剂、杀螨剂、增效剂有检出;在整个生长周期内,稻虾、稻蟹农药残留的主要类型为除草剂、杀菌剂、杀虫剂和植物生长调节剂,平均质量分数为6.1μg·kg^(-1)(以湿质量计)。养殖水环境中农药主要来源于养殖前期环境中残留或外源性污染,随着养殖时间延长,农药含量整体趋向于减少,通过对养殖水环境生态风险进行分析,发现各抽样点位联合风险商值(RQ)均在0~1之间,属于中风险,对环境仍具有一定的压力,除草剂等类型农药应引起重视;在监测周期内,水产品中大部分农药的残留量逐渐减少直至未检出,仅有部分点位杀菌剂有少量存在,通过对同期虾、蟹的健康风险进行分析发现,平均食品安全指数远小于1,农药残留的食品安全风险可以接受。 展开更多
关键词 稻-虾 稻-蟹 综合种养模式 农药残留 健康风险 生态风险
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液相色谱-串联质谱法测定不同基质样品中硝基呋喃代谢物残留量
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作者 邢海艳 孙丽 +1 位作者 吴旭 鲁素雅 《化学分析计量》 CAS 2024年第7期101-106,共6页
建立液相色谱-串联质谱法测定鸡蛋、虾、鱼等农产品中硝基呋喃代谢物的残留量。样品中的硝基呋喃残留物经盐酸水解后,以2-硝基苯甲醛衍生,采用乙酸乙酯提取,浓缩,净化后再用C18色谱柱分离,以0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈溶液作为流动相梯度洗脱... 建立液相色谱-串联质谱法测定鸡蛋、虾、鱼等农产品中硝基呋喃代谢物的残留量。样品中的硝基呋喃残留物经盐酸水解后,以2-硝基苯甲醛衍生,采用乙酸乙酯提取,浓缩,净化后再用C18色谱柱分离,以0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈溶液作为流动相梯度洗脱,电喷雾离子源(ESI)下以多反应监测(MRM)正离子模式扫描检测,内标法定量分析。呋喃它酮代谢物、呋喃西林代谢物、呋喃妥因代谢物、呋喃唑酮代谢物的质量浓度在0.5~50 ng/mL范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.995,检出限分别为0.13、0.035、0.14、0.017μg/kg。在鸡蛋、虾、鱼中添加2、5、10μg/kg硝基呋喃代谢物时,平均回收率为88.71%~105.16%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.12%~9.08%(n=6)。该方法简便、快捷、准确度高,可用于测定鸡蛋、虾、鱼等农副产品中的硝基呋喃代谢物。 展开更多
关键词 硝基呋喃代谢物 液相色谱-串联质谱法 衍生化 鸡蛋
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无人驾驶虾蟹投饲自主作业船及智能管控平台研发与应用
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作者 姜宽舒 于泓 +3 位作者 宋元山 孟祥威 丁皓 孟德伟 《科学技术创新》 2024年第3期201-205,共5页
本文结合多功能无人驾驶投饲船,基于“物联网+大数据”技术,开发一种多水域集群作业自主导航虾蟹养殖船智能管控平台。可在手机或电脑端对多片水域的多条无人船进行远程集群调度,按时按需精准投饵。通过无人船上的水质传感器实时监测水... 本文结合多功能无人驾驶投饲船,基于“物联网+大数据”技术,开发一种多水域集群作业自主导航虾蟹养殖船智能管控平台。可在手机或电脑端对多片水域的多条无人船进行远程集群调度,按时按需精准投饵。通过无人船上的水质传感器实时监测水体的各类水质参数,对异常水域在后台直观显示、预警,并调用对应水域的无人船开展有针对性的施药喷洒防治。大幅降低人工成本,提高水产养殖效益。可为拥有较大水域多片水域的大规模虾蟹水产养殖户或众多委托管理的单水域养殖户提供作业和管理服务,使水产养殖装备向着自动化、信息化、规模化、精确化方向发展,大幅降低人工成本,提高水产养殖效益,对虾蟹养殖技术的发展具有十分重要的意义。 展开更多
关键词 无人驾驶 虾蟹投饲 自主作业 管控平台
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虾蟹壳废弃物中几丁质的制备及应用进展
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作者 尹凯波 郑子露 +6 位作者 金嘉悦 潘小卓 谢勇俊 韦倩倩 申乃坤 王一兵 姜明国 《食品工业科技》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第20期407-414,共8页
随着虾蟹生产和消费量的逐渐增加,大量虾蟹壳直接当做垃圾处理,造成很大的环境压力。虾蟹壳中含有丰富的几丁质,如能对其进行提取制备,既有助于减轻环境污染又能提高资源利用率。受现有制备技术、生产成本和节能环保的影响,目前利用废... 随着虾蟹生产和消费量的逐渐增加,大量虾蟹壳直接当做垃圾处理,造成很大的环境压力。虾蟹壳中含有丰富的几丁质,如能对其进行提取制备,既有助于减轻环境污染又能提高资源利用率。受现有制备技术、生产成本和节能环保的影响,目前利用废弃虾蟹壳制备几丁质仍处于中小型规模。科研人员一直致力于开发新的制备方法及优化工艺,希望能够扩大虾蟹壳几丁质的生产规模,提高废弃资源利用效率。本文主要阐述了利用化学法、生物法、物理法从虾蟹壳废弃物中制备几丁质的研究现状,分析各种制备方法的优缺点、存在的问题和发展前景,以及几丁质在抑菌剂、吸附剂、生物膜等方面的应用情况。目前工业上主要采用传统酸碱法制备几丁质,其优势在于技术成熟,工艺流程简单,操作方便,但该方法使用强酸强碱,存在对环境二次污染的问题。与之相比,低共熔溶法、酶解法及微生物发酵法更具环境效益,因此开发低成本天然低共熔溶剂、构建重组酶、构建功能菌群,是未来虾蟹壳废弃物中制备几丁质的研究重点。 展开更多
关键词 虾蟹壳 几丁质 制备工艺 应用
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虾蟹蜕皮周期分期鉴定技术研究进展
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作者 侯懿玲 程文志 +3 位作者 魏祎铭 邓小杰 陈传曦 毛勇 《水产科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期319-332,共14页
甲壳动物中的虾蟹类主要营水生生活,其中大部分种类具有较高的经济价值[1]。蜕壳又称蜕皮[2],包括旧表皮的蜕去和新表皮的形成[3]。蜕皮作为甲壳动物生长发育的标志性特征,其在整个生活史中具有周期性的动态变化[4],从上一次蜕皮结束到... 甲壳动物中的虾蟹类主要营水生生活,其中大部分种类具有较高的经济价值[1]。蜕壳又称蜕皮[2],包括旧表皮的蜕去和新表皮的形成[3]。蜕皮作为甲壳动物生长发育的标志性特征,其在整个生活史中具有周期性的动态变化[4],从上一次蜕皮结束到下一次蜕皮结束的时间为一个蜕皮周期[5]。 展开更多
关键词 虾蟹类 蜕皮分期 分期鉴定技术
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